Water and Solutions
_________ is the attractive force between two particles of differ- ent substances,
such as water molecules and glass molecules. - ANS - Adhesion
\___________ are chemical substances that neutralize small amounts of either an
acid or a base added to a solution. - ANS - Buffers
\_____________—solutions in which water is the solvent—are universally
important to living things. - ANS - Aqueous Solutions
\A _________ is a mixture in which one or more substances are uniformly
distributed in another substance. - ANS - Solution
\A __________ is the force of attraction between a hydrogen molecule with a
partial positive charge and another atom or molecule with a partial or full negative
charge. - ANS - Hydrogen Bond
\A ___________ is a substance dissolved in the solvent. - ANS - Solute
\A ____________ is one in which no more solute can dissolve. - ANS - Saturated
Solution
\A related property is __________, which is the attrac- tion between molecules
that results in the rise of the surface of a liquid when in contact with a solid. -
ANS - Capillarity
\All units on the pH scale in Figure 2-14 look equivalent, but they are not. Why is
the scale drawn as though they are? - ANS - The graph would be impractically
large if the scale directly reflected the tenfold change in pH that each unit of pH
represents.
\An attractive force that holds molecules of a single substance together is known
as __________. - ANS - Cohesion
\Identify the properties of water that are important for life to be able to exist. -
ANS - The properties of water that are important for life to be ale to exist are: its
polarity, solutbility, cohesion, adhesion, specific heat, surface tension, and ability
to be a solvent, acid, and base.
\Identify the solute and solvent in a hot chocolate solution that is made of
chocolate syrup and warm milk. - ANS - In a hot chocolate solution, the chocolate
syrup is the solute and the warm milk is the solvent.
\If the number of hydronium ions in a solution is greater than the number of
hydroxide ions, the solution is an ___________. - ANS - Acid
\Outline a reason why the control of pH is important in living systems. - ANS - The
control of pH is important for living systems. Enzymes that play a major role in all
living systems can only function within a very narrow pH range.
_________ is the attractive force between two particles of differ- ent substances,
such as water molecules and glass molecules. - ANS - Adhesion
\___________ are chemical substances that neutralize small amounts of either an
acid or a base added to a solution. - ANS - Buffers
\_____________—solutions in which water is the solvent—are universally
important to living things. - ANS - Aqueous Solutions
\A _________ is a mixture in which one or more substances are uniformly
distributed in another substance. - ANS - Solution
\A __________ is the force of attraction between a hydrogen molecule with a
partial positive charge and another atom or molecule with a partial or full negative
charge. - ANS - Hydrogen Bond
\A ___________ is a substance dissolved in the solvent. - ANS - Solute
\A ____________ is one in which no more solute can dissolve. - ANS - Saturated
Solution
\A related property is __________, which is the attrac- tion between molecules
that results in the rise of the surface of a liquid when in contact with a solid. -
ANS - Capillarity
\All units on the pH scale in Figure 2-14 look equivalent, but they are not. Why is
the scale drawn as though they are? - ANS - The graph would be impractically
large if the scale directly reflected the tenfold change in pH that each unit of pH
represents.
\An attractive force that holds molecules of a single substance together is known
as __________. - ANS - Cohesion
\Identify the properties of water that are important for life to be able to exist. -
ANS - The properties of water that are important for life to be ale to exist are: its
polarity, solutbility, cohesion, adhesion, specific heat, surface tension, and ability
to be a solvent, acid, and base.
\Identify the solute and solvent in a hot chocolate solution that is made of
chocolate syrup and warm milk. - ANS - In a hot chocolate solution, the chocolate
syrup is the solute and the warm milk is the solvent.
\If the number of hydronium ions in a solution is greater than the number of
hydroxide ions, the solution is an ___________. - ANS - Acid
\Outline a reason why the control of pH is important in living systems. - ANS - The
control of pH is important for living systems. Enzymes that play a major role in all
living systems can only function within a very narrow pH range.
