NPLEX 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025)
what co-factor is required to convert dUMP to DTMP via
thymidylate synthase? - Correct Answers ✅methylene-FH4
what cofactor is needed for homocysteine-->methionine
conversion? - Correct Answers ✅methylcobalamin (B12)
where are arthersclerotic plaques formed? - Correct
Answers ✅subintimal space or tunica intima
cholesterol is primarily carried by what lipoprotein? - Correct
Answers ✅LDL
What apoproteins are on the surface of VLDL? - Correct
Answers ✅Apoproteins B-100, C-II, and E
what apoproteins are on the surface of HDL? - Correct
Answers ✅Apoprotein A-I, C-II, and E
Why are HDLs considered "good" cholesterol? - Correct
Answers ✅they are considered a "reverse cholesterol
transporter"
they transport cholesterol to the liver for disposal or to other
tissues for use by converting cholesterol to a cholesterolester
(CE).
,NPLEX 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025)
apoA1 activates LCAT (lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase) to
attach a fatty acyl group to cholesterol to form the CE. the CE
then gets recycled in the liver
what amino acids make up glutathione? - Correct Answers
✅glutamate, cysteine**, glycine
** contains the -SH (thiol) group
what enzyme needs selenium as a cofactor? - Correct
Answers ✅glutathione peroxidase
what two reactants, enzyme, and cofactor are required to
form cystathionine? - Correct Answers ✅reactants: (1)
serine (2) homocysteine
enzyme: cystathionine synthase
cofactor: PLP (pyridoxine, B6)
why do we care about cystathionine? - Correct Answers
✅gets converted to cysteine which is a major component of
GLUTATHIONE, our body's major antioxidant
what cofactor is required to convert cystathionine to
cysteine? - Correct Answers ✅PLP
,NPLEX 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025)
which lipid composition should be higher at 35wk gestation:
sphingomyelin or phosphatidylcholine? - Correct Answers
✅phosphatidylcholine!
how many SAMs are needed to make phosphatidylcholine? -
Correct Answers ✅3 SAM reactions
what is the general structure of a phospholipid? how would
phosphatidylcholine look? - Correct Answers ✅General:
(1) glycerol back bone
(2) FA groups
(1) phosphate -- (1) head group**
** head group gives it the different functions!
phosphatidylcholine has a CHOLINE head group
what damage does homocysteine cause that leads to an
increase risk in CV disease? - Correct Answers
✅endothelial cell damage
function of VLDL - Correct Answers ✅transports
triglycerides produced in the liver to extrahepatic tissues
such as adipose and muscle (aka removal of TG from the
liver)
, NPLEX 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025)
dietary cholesterol is transported to the liver as: - Correct
Answers ✅chylomicrons
what enzyme releases FA from the membrane phospholipids?
- Correct Answers ✅phospholipase A2 (this is inhibited by
glucocorticoids*)
what enzyme converts the FA into prostaglandins? - Correct
Answers ✅cyclo-oxygenase 1/2 (this is inhibited by aspirin
& NSAIDs*)
What does phospholipase C do? - Correct Answers
✅cleaves PIP2 into IP3 and DAG
what CN is involved in the motor function of the tongue -
Correct Answers ✅CN XII (hypoglossal)
Strep. pyogenes is common culprit of what 2 disease -
Correct Answers ✅- scarlet fever
- necrotizing fasciitis
EPEC vs ETEC vs EHEC - Correct Answers ✅EPEC = NON-
BLOODY self-limiting diarrhea
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025)
what co-factor is required to convert dUMP to DTMP via
thymidylate synthase? - Correct Answers ✅methylene-FH4
what cofactor is needed for homocysteine-->methionine
conversion? - Correct Answers ✅methylcobalamin (B12)
where are arthersclerotic plaques formed? - Correct
Answers ✅subintimal space or tunica intima
cholesterol is primarily carried by what lipoprotein? - Correct
Answers ✅LDL
What apoproteins are on the surface of VLDL? - Correct
Answers ✅Apoproteins B-100, C-II, and E
what apoproteins are on the surface of HDL? - Correct
Answers ✅Apoprotein A-I, C-II, and E
Why are HDLs considered "good" cholesterol? - Correct
Answers ✅they are considered a "reverse cholesterol
transporter"
they transport cholesterol to the liver for disposal or to other
tissues for use by converting cholesterol to a cholesterolester
(CE).
,NPLEX 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025)
apoA1 activates LCAT (lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase) to
attach a fatty acyl group to cholesterol to form the CE. the CE
then gets recycled in the liver
what amino acids make up glutathione? - Correct Answers
✅glutamate, cysteine**, glycine
** contains the -SH (thiol) group
what enzyme needs selenium as a cofactor? - Correct
Answers ✅glutathione peroxidase
what two reactants, enzyme, and cofactor are required to
form cystathionine? - Correct Answers ✅reactants: (1)
serine (2) homocysteine
enzyme: cystathionine synthase
cofactor: PLP (pyridoxine, B6)
why do we care about cystathionine? - Correct Answers
✅gets converted to cysteine which is a major component of
GLUTATHIONE, our body's major antioxidant
what cofactor is required to convert cystathionine to
cysteine? - Correct Answers ✅PLP
,NPLEX 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025)
which lipid composition should be higher at 35wk gestation:
sphingomyelin or phosphatidylcholine? - Correct Answers
✅phosphatidylcholine!
how many SAMs are needed to make phosphatidylcholine? -
Correct Answers ✅3 SAM reactions
what is the general structure of a phospholipid? how would
phosphatidylcholine look? - Correct Answers ✅General:
(1) glycerol back bone
(2) FA groups
(1) phosphate -- (1) head group**
** head group gives it the different functions!
phosphatidylcholine has a CHOLINE head group
what damage does homocysteine cause that leads to an
increase risk in CV disease? - Correct Answers
✅endothelial cell damage
function of VLDL - Correct Answers ✅transports
triglycerides produced in the liver to extrahepatic tissues
such as adipose and muscle (aka removal of TG from the
liver)
, NPLEX 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED (Newest 2025)
dietary cholesterol is transported to the liver as: - Correct
Answers ✅chylomicrons
what enzyme releases FA from the membrane phospholipids?
- Correct Answers ✅phospholipase A2 (this is inhibited by
glucocorticoids*)
what enzyme converts the FA into prostaglandins? - Correct
Answers ✅cyclo-oxygenase 1/2 (this is inhibited by aspirin
& NSAIDs*)
What does phospholipase C do? - Correct Answers
✅cleaves PIP2 into IP3 and DAG
what CN is involved in the motor function of the tongue -
Correct Answers ✅CN XII (hypoglossal)
Strep. pyogenes is common culprit of what 2 disease -
Correct Answers ✅- scarlet fever
- necrotizing fasciitis
EPEC vs ETEC vs EHEC - Correct Answers ✅EPEC = NON-
BLOODY self-limiting diarrhea
