3P Exam Study APEA
#1 Risk Factor for Testicular & Penile Cancer - ANS - Cryptorchidism
\1st line Treatment of UTI in pregnancy - ANS - Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid)
\Abruptio Placentae (Placental Abruption) - ANS - Absent/Profuse vaginal
bleeding, abnormal painful uterine contractions, uterine tenderness, rigid &
board-like uterus on palpation
\Acromegaly Presentation - ANS - Bone overgrowth, big hands, face, and feet
Cause - Pituitary Gland overproduction
Gigantism = Pediatrics
Acromegaly/Gigantism = Adults
\Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis treatment - ANS - If patient is allergic to PCN, then
Doxycycline is the best alternative
\Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) - ANS - Most common Leukemia in
children
S&S:
Fever, Thrombocytopenia, Anemia, Gingival Hyperplasia (swelling), Bone pain
\Acute Sinusitis Tx for Adults & Pediatrics - ANS - - Viral is symptomatic
treatment only
- Bacterial tx is Amoxicillin 1st line if symptoms >10 days and include purulent
nasal discharge, fever, unilateral face/tooth pain
\Adam's Sign - ANS - Evaluation for scoliosis.
Negative for functional scoliosis if curve straightens out
Positive for structural scoliosis if curve remains
\Adjust meds in kidney disease when? - ANS - If GFR is less than 60
\Allergic Rhinitis - ANS - Eosinophils elevated in Allergies, Wheezes, Parasites
Tx is Fluticasone (Flonase)
\Anxiety Treatment - ANS - busparone (Buspar)
*Anxiety & Depression coexist - use GAD 7 scale to dx
\Aortic Regurgitation presentation - ANS - Angina & Dyspnea
\Assessment of a 4yr old visual acuity results in 20/30 in L eye and 20/40 in R eye
- ANS - Means vision is normal for his age. Children at 6 years can normally
achieve 20/20 vision.
\Asthma - Mild Intermittent - ANS - Symptoms present < 2 days/week, or < 2
nights/month
\Asthma - Mild Persistent - ANS - Symptoms present > 2days/week but not
everyday, 3-4 nighttime awakenings/month
, \Asthma - Moderate Persisent - ANS - Daily symptoms or more than 3-4 nights per
month
\Asthma - Severe Persistent - ANS - Continuous symptoms, frequent nocturnal
symptoms, <60% FEV
\Asthma Diagnostic - ANS - Spirometry, Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs), Allergy
Testing, Peak Flow
\Bacterial Vaginosis - ANS - Not an STI. Common sexually active females.
S&S - Fishy smell, watery discharge, clue cells, increased alkalosis
Tx: metronidazole (Flagyl), Lactobacillus Probiotics
\Barlows Maneuver - ANS - Feeling of a slip of the femoral head slips away from
the Acetabulum (toward the butt)
\Beer's List - ANS - a list of drugs for which you should not give or monitoring is
especially important in elderly patients
Anti-cholinergics, anti-spasmotics, scopolamine, meclizine, promethazine
High risk of confusion, dry mouth, constipation.
\Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) - ANS - Enlargement of the prostate which
narrows the urethral lumen.
Risk Factors: Elevated PSA, Blacks & Asians, Age
\Beta Thalassemia - ANS - Genetic disorder where there is decreased or absent
production of hemoglobin.
Common amongst Mediterranea descent
Causes microcytic hypochromic anemia
Tx: Desferal which removes excess iron
\BPH assessment findings - ANS - Firm smooth enlarged prostate.
\BPH S&S - ANS - Dribbling after urination
Excessive nocturnal urination
Frequency
Sense of incomplete bladder emptying
Incontinence
Sexual dysfunction
\BPH Treatment - ANS - *Gold standard TURP
Medications
Alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist (tamsulosin) - relaxes smooth muscle in the
prostate - immediate relief
5 Alpha Reductase inhibitor (finasteride) - inhibits conversion of testosterone to
DHT - Long term and takes 6-12months to start working
\Breast Cancer - ANS - painless, firm/fixed mass, skin or nipple changes, nipple
discharge, swelling, lymphnode enlargement.
\Bulimia Presentation - ANS - Recurrent episodes of eating, binging, and purging.
+ Russell's Sign - knuckle scarring from induced vomiting
#1 Risk Factor for Testicular & Penile Cancer - ANS - Cryptorchidism
\1st line Treatment of UTI in pregnancy - ANS - Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid)
\Abruptio Placentae (Placental Abruption) - ANS - Absent/Profuse vaginal
bleeding, abnormal painful uterine contractions, uterine tenderness, rigid &
board-like uterus on palpation
\Acromegaly Presentation - ANS - Bone overgrowth, big hands, face, and feet
Cause - Pituitary Gland overproduction
Gigantism = Pediatrics
Acromegaly/Gigantism = Adults
\Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis treatment - ANS - If patient is allergic to PCN, then
Doxycycline is the best alternative
\Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) - ANS - Most common Leukemia in
children
S&S:
Fever, Thrombocytopenia, Anemia, Gingival Hyperplasia (swelling), Bone pain
\Acute Sinusitis Tx for Adults & Pediatrics - ANS - - Viral is symptomatic
treatment only
- Bacterial tx is Amoxicillin 1st line if symptoms >10 days and include purulent
nasal discharge, fever, unilateral face/tooth pain
\Adam's Sign - ANS - Evaluation for scoliosis.
Negative for functional scoliosis if curve straightens out
Positive for structural scoliosis if curve remains
\Adjust meds in kidney disease when? - ANS - If GFR is less than 60
\Allergic Rhinitis - ANS - Eosinophils elevated in Allergies, Wheezes, Parasites
Tx is Fluticasone (Flonase)
\Anxiety Treatment - ANS - busparone (Buspar)
*Anxiety & Depression coexist - use GAD 7 scale to dx
\Aortic Regurgitation presentation - ANS - Angina & Dyspnea
\Assessment of a 4yr old visual acuity results in 20/30 in L eye and 20/40 in R eye
- ANS - Means vision is normal for his age. Children at 6 years can normally
achieve 20/20 vision.
\Asthma - Mild Intermittent - ANS - Symptoms present < 2 days/week, or < 2
nights/month
\Asthma - Mild Persistent - ANS - Symptoms present > 2days/week but not
everyday, 3-4 nighttime awakenings/month
, \Asthma - Moderate Persisent - ANS - Daily symptoms or more than 3-4 nights per
month
\Asthma - Severe Persistent - ANS - Continuous symptoms, frequent nocturnal
symptoms, <60% FEV
\Asthma Diagnostic - ANS - Spirometry, Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs), Allergy
Testing, Peak Flow
\Bacterial Vaginosis - ANS - Not an STI. Common sexually active females.
S&S - Fishy smell, watery discharge, clue cells, increased alkalosis
Tx: metronidazole (Flagyl), Lactobacillus Probiotics
\Barlows Maneuver - ANS - Feeling of a slip of the femoral head slips away from
the Acetabulum (toward the butt)
\Beer's List - ANS - a list of drugs for which you should not give or monitoring is
especially important in elderly patients
Anti-cholinergics, anti-spasmotics, scopolamine, meclizine, promethazine
High risk of confusion, dry mouth, constipation.
\Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) - ANS - Enlargement of the prostate which
narrows the urethral lumen.
Risk Factors: Elevated PSA, Blacks & Asians, Age
\Beta Thalassemia - ANS - Genetic disorder where there is decreased or absent
production of hemoglobin.
Common amongst Mediterranea descent
Causes microcytic hypochromic anemia
Tx: Desferal which removes excess iron
\BPH assessment findings - ANS - Firm smooth enlarged prostate.
\BPH S&S - ANS - Dribbling after urination
Excessive nocturnal urination
Frequency
Sense of incomplete bladder emptying
Incontinence
Sexual dysfunction
\BPH Treatment - ANS - *Gold standard TURP
Medications
Alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist (tamsulosin) - relaxes smooth muscle in the
prostate - immediate relief
5 Alpha Reductase inhibitor (finasteride) - inhibits conversion of testosterone to
DHT - Long term and takes 6-12months to start working
\Breast Cancer - ANS - painless, firm/fixed mass, skin or nipple changes, nipple
discharge, swelling, lymphnode enlargement.
\Bulimia Presentation - ANS - Recurrent episodes of eating, binging, and purging.
+ Russell's Sign - knuckle scarring from induced vomiting
