, Plant Structure and Function Starr Taggart Evers Starr Biology The Unity and Diversity of Life
Twelfth Edition
Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States
5801x_00_fm_pi-viii.indd i
, Plant Structure and Function © 2009, 2006 Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life,
Twelfth Edition ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein
Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means
Lisa Starr graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying,
recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks,
Publisher: Yolanda Cossio or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under
Managing Development Editor: Peggy Williams Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior
written permission of the publisher.
Assistant Editor: Elizabeth Momb
Editorial Assistant: Samantha Arvin
For product information and technology assistance, contact us at
Technology Project Manager: Kristina Razmara Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706.
Marketing Manager: Amanda Jellerichs For permission to use material from this text or product,
Marketing Assistant: Katherine Malatesta submit all requests online at cengage.com/permissions.
Further permissions questions can be emailed to
Marketing Communications Manager: Linda Yip .
Project Manager, Editorial Production: Andy
Marinkovich
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008930419
Creative Director: Rob Hugel
Art Director: John Walker ISBN-13: 978-0-495-55801-9
Print Buyer: Karen Hunt
ISBN-10: 0-495-55801-X
Permissions Editor: Bob Kauser
Production Service: Grace Davidson &
Associates Brooks/Cole
Text and Cover Design: John Walker 10 Davis Drive
Belmont, CA 94002
Photo Researcher: Myrna Engler Photo USA
Research Inc.
Copy Editor: Anita Wagner
Illustrators: Gary Head, ScEYEnce Studios, Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with
Lisa Starr office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom,
Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan. Locate your local office at:
Compositor: Lachina Publishing Services
international.cengage.com/region.
Cover Image: Biologist/photographer Tim
Laman took these photos of mutualisms in
Indonesia. Top: A wrinkled hornbill (Aceros Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd.
corrugatus) eats fruits of a strangler fig (Ficus
stupenda). The plant provides food for the
bird, and the bird disperses its seeds. Below: For your course and learning solutions, visit academic.cengage.com.
Two species of sea anemone, each with its
own species of anemone fish. Anemones Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred
provide a safe haven for anemonefish, who online store www.ichapters.com.
chase away other fish that would graze on
the anemone’s tentacles. www.timlaman.com
Printed in the United States of America
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 12 11 10 09 08
5801x_00_fm_pi-viii.indd ii
, CONTENTS IN BRIEF
Highlighted chapters are not included in Plant Structure and Function
INTRODUCTION
1 Invitation to Biology
UNIT I PRINCIPLES OF CELLULAR LIFE
2 Life’s Chemical Basis
3 Molecules of Life
4 Cell Structure and Function
5 A Closer Look at Cell Membranes
6 Ground Rules of Metabolism
7 Where It Starts—Photosynthesis
8 How Cells Release Chemical Energy
UNIT VI HOW ANIMALS WORK
UNIT II PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE 32 Animal Tissues and Organ Systems
9 How Cells Reproduce 33 Neural Control
10 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction 34 Sensory Perception
11 Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits 35 Endocrine Control
12 Chromosomes and Human Inheritance 36 Structural Support and Movement
13 DNA Structure and Function 37 Circulation
14 From DNA to Protein 38 Immunity
15 Controls Over Genes 39 Respiration
16 Studying and Manipulating Genomes 40 Digestion and Human Nutrition
41 Maintaining the Internal Environment
UNIT III PRINCIPLES OF EVOLUTION 42 Animal Reproductive Systems
17 Evidence of Evolution 43 Animal Development
18 Processes of Evolution
19 Organizing Information About Species UNIT VII PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY
20 Life’s Origin and Early Evolution 44 Animal Behavior
45 Population Ecology
UNIT IV EVOLUTION AND BIODIVERSITY 46 Community Structure and Biodiversity
21 Viruses and Prokaryotes 47 Ecosystems
22 Protists—The Simplest Eukaryotes 48 The Biosphere
23 The Land Plants 49 Human Impacts on the Biosphere
24 Fungi
25 Animal Evolution—The Invertebrates
26 Animal Evolution—The Chordates
27 Plants and Animals—Common Challenges
UNIT V HOW PLANTS WORK
28 Plant Tissues
29 Plant Nutrition and Transport
30 Plant Reproduction
31 Plant Development
5801x_00_fm_pi-viii.indd iii
Twelfth Edition
Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States
5801x_00_fm_pi-viii.indd i
, Plant Structure and Function © 2009, 2006 Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life,
Twelfth Edition ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein
Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means
Lisa Starr graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying,
recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks,
Publisher: Yolanda Cossio or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under
Managing Development Editor: Peggy Williams Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior
written permission of the publisher.
Assistant Editor: Elizabeth Momb
Editorial Assistant: Samantha Arvin
For product information and technology assistance, contact us at
Technology Project Manager: Kristina Razmara Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706.
Marketing Manager: Amanda Jellerichs For permission to use material from this text or product,
Marketing Assistant: Katherine Malatesta submit all requests online at cengage.com/permissions.
Further permissions questions can be emailed to
Marketing Communications Manager: Linda Yip .
Project Manager, Editorial Production: Andy
Marinkovich
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008930419
Creative Director: Rob Hugel
Art Director: John Walker ISBN-13: 978-0-495-55801-9
Print Buyer: Karen Hunt
ISBN-10: 0-495-55801-X
Permissions Editor: Bob Kauser
Production Service: Grace Davidson &
Associates Brooks/Cole
Text and Cover Design: John Walker 10 Davis Drive
Belmont, CA 94002
Photo Researcher: Myrna Engler Photo USA
Research Inc.
Copy Editor: Anita Wagner
Illustrators: Gary Head, ScEYEnce Studios, Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with
Lisa Starr office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom,
Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan. Locate your local office at:
Compositor: Lachina Publishing Services
international.cengage.com/region.
Cover Image: Biologist/photographer Tim
Laman took these photos of mutualisms in
Indonesia. Top: A wrinkled hornbill (Aceros Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd.
corrugatus) eats fruits of a strangler fig (Ficus
stupenda). The plant provides food for the
bird, and the bird disperses its seeds. Below: For your course and learning solutions, visit academic.cengage.com.
Two species of sea anemone, each with its
own species of anemone fish. Anemones Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred
provide a safe haven for anemonefish, who online store www.ichapters.com.
chase away other fish that would graze on
the anemone’s tentacles. www.timlaman.com
Printed in the United States of America
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 12 11 10 09 08
5801x_00_fm_pi-viii.indd ii
, CONTENTS IN BRIEF
Highlighted chapters are not included in Plant Structure and Function
INTRODUCTION
1 Invitation to Biology
UNIT I PRINCIPLES OF CELLULAR LIFE
2 Life’s Chemical Basis
3 Molecules of Life
4 Cell Structure and Function
5 A Closer Look at Cell Membranes
6 Ground Rules of Metabolism
7 Where It Starts—Photosynthesis
8 How Cells Release Chemical Energy
UNIT VI HOW ANIMALS WORK
UNIT II PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE 32 Animal Tissues and Organ Systems
9 How Cells Reproduce 33 Neural Control
10 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction 34 Sensory Perception
11 Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits 35 Endocrine Control
12 Chromosomes and Human Inheritance 36 Structural Support and Movement
13 DNA Structure and Function 37 Circulation
14 From DNA to Protein 38 Immunity
15 Controls Over Genes 39 Respiration
16 Studying and Manipulating Genomes 40 Digestion and Human Nutrition
41 Maintaining the Internal Environment
UNIT III PRINCIPLES OF EVOLUTION 42 Animal Reproductive Systems
17 Evidence of Evolution 43 Animal Development
18 Processes of Evolution
19 Organizing Information About Species UNIT VII PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY
20 Life’s Origin and Early Evolution 44 Animal Behavior
45 Population Ecology
UNIT IV EVOLUTION AND BIODIVERSITY 46 Community Structure and Biodiversity
21 Viruses and Prokaryotes 47 Ecosystems
22 Protists—The Simplest Eukaryotes 48 The Biosphere
23 The Land Plants 49 Human Impacts on the Biosphere
24 Fungi
25 Animal Evolution—The Invertebrates
26 Animal Evolution—The Chordates
27 Plants and Animals—Common Challenges
UNIT V HOW PLANTS WORK
28 Plant Tissues
29 Plant Nutrition and Transport
30 Plant Reproduction
31 Plant Development
5801x_00_fm_pi-viii.indd iii
