SOLUTIONS & INSTRUCTOR MANUAL for Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, 4th Edition by Peter Norvig and Stuart Russell 2024 || All Chapters A+

SOLUTIONS & INSTRUCTOR MANUAL
Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, 4th Edition
By Peter Norvig And Stuart Russell, Chapters 1 – 28

,Artificial Intelligence g




gggg 1 Introduction ...
g g g




gggg 2 Intelligent Agents ...
g g g g




II Problem-solving
g




gggg 3 Solving Problems by Searching ...
g g g g g g




gggg 4 Search in Complex Environments ...
g g g g g g




gggg 5 Adversarial Search and Games ...
g g g g g g




gggg 6 Constraint Satisfaction Problems ...
g g g g g




III Knowledge, reasoning, and planning
g g g g




gggg 7 Logical Agents ...
g g g g




gggg 8 First-Order Logic ...
g g g g




gggg 9 Inference in First-Order Logic ...
g g g g g




gggg 10 Knowledge Representation ...
g g g g




gggg 11 Automated Planning ...
g g g g




IV Uncertain knowledge and reasoning
g g g g




gggg 12 Quantifying Uncertainty ...
g g g g




gggg 13 Probabilistic Reasoning ...
g g g g




gggg 14 Probabilistic Reasoning over Time ...
g g g g g g




gggg 15 Probabilistic Programming ...
g g g g




gggg 16 Making Simple Decisions ...
g g g g g




gggg 17 Making Complex Decisions ...
g g g g g




gggg 18 Multiagent Decision Making ...
g g g g g




V Machine Learning
g g

,gggg 19 Learning from Examples ...
g g g g g




gggg 20 Learning Probabilistic Models ...
g g g g g




gggg 21 Deep Learning ...
g g g g




gggg 22 Reinforcement Learning ...
g g g g




VI Communicating, perceiving, and acting
g g g g




gggg 23 Natural Language Processing ...
g g g g g




gggg 24 Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing ...
g g g g g g g g




gggg 25 Computer Vision ...
g g g g




gggg 26 Robotics ...
g g g




VII Conclusions
g




gggg 27 Philosophy, Ethics, and Safety of AI ...
g g g g g g g g




gggg 28 The Future of AI
g g g g

, EXERCISES g g

1
INTRODUCTION
Notegthatgforgmanygofgthegquestionsgingthisgchapter,gweggivegreferencesgwhereganswersgc
angbegfoundgrathergthangwritinggthemgout—thegfullganswersgwouldgbegfargtooglong.

1.1 What Is AI?
g g g




Exerciseg1.1.#DEFA
Definegingyourgowngwords:g (a)gintelligence,g(b)gartificialgintelligence,g(c)gagent,g(d)gra-
gtionality, g(e)glogicalgreasoning.




a. Dictionarygdefinitionsgofgintelligencegtalkgaboutg“thegcapacitygtogacquiregandgapp
lygknowledge”gorg“thegfacultygofgthoughtgandgreason”gorg“thegabilitygtogcompreh
endgandgprofitgfromgexperience.”g Thesegaregallgreasonableganswers,gbutgifgwegwa
ntgsomethinggquantifiablegwegwouldgusegsomethingglikeg“thegabilitygtogactgsuccessf
ullygacrossgagwidegrangegofgobjectivesgingcomplexgenvironments.”
b. Wegdefinegartificialgintelligencegasgthegstudygandgconstructiongofgagentgprogramsg
thatgperformgwellgingaggivengclassgofgenvironments,gforgaggivengagentgarchitecture
;gtheygdogthegrightgthing.g Angimportantgpartgofgthatgisgdealinggwithgtheguncertaint
ygofgwhatgthegcurrentgstategis,gwhatgthegoutcomegofgpossiblegactionsgmightgbe,gan
dgwhatgisgitgthatgwegreallygdesire.
c. Wegdefinegangagentgasgangentitygthatgtakesgactiongingresponsegtogperceptsgfromgang
envi-gronment.
d. Wegdefinegrationalitygasgthegpropertygofgagsystemgwhichgdoesgtheg“rightgthing”ggi
vengwhatgitgknows.g SeegSectiong2.2gforgagmoregcompletegdiscussion.g Thegbasicgco
nceptgisgperfectgrationality;gSectiong??gdescribesgthegimpossibilitygofgachievinggperf
ectgrational-gitygandgproposesgangalternativegdefinition.
e. Wegdefineglogicalgreasoninggasgthegagprocessgofgderivinggnewgsentencesgfromgold,gs
uchgthatgthegnewgsentencesgaregnecessarilygtruegifgthegoldgonesgaregtrue.g(Noticegtha
tgdoesgnotgrefergtoganygspecificgsyntaxgorgformalglanguage,gbutgitgdoesgrequiregagwell
-definedgnotiongofgtruth.)


Exerciseg1.1.#TURI
ReadgTuring’sgoriginalgpapergongAIg(Turing,g1950).g Ingthegpaper,ghegdiscussesgseveralgobjec
tionsgtoghisgproposedgenterprisegandghisgtestgforgintelligence.gWhichgobjectionsgstillgcarry

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.