Orthotic fitter practice Questions and
Answers
How many regions is the foot divided into and what are the names of the anatomical
divisions? - Correct Answers -There are (3) regions of the foot known as : Forefoot,
Midfoot, Hindfoot
What bones make up the Hindfoot? - Correct Answers -talus and calcaneus
What bones make up the midfoot? - Correct Answers -navicular, cuboid, 3 cuneiforms
(medial, intermediate, & lateral)
What bones make up the forefoot ? - Correct Answers -5 metatarsals and 14 phalanges
What are the two pea-shaped bones located in the ball of the foot beneath the joint of
the Hallux and first metatarsal called? - Correct Answers -The Sesamoids
What is a joint? - Correct Answers -where two or more bones meet
How many joints are in the foot? - Correct Answers -33
What joints makeup the hindfood & midfoot? - Correct Answers -Ankle Joint, Subtalar
joints and the Transverse tarsal joints.
What is another name for the ankle joint? - Correct Answers -talocrural joint
What is the MAJOR JOINT in the hindfoot as well as the largest joint in the entire foot
called? - Correct Answers -the Subtalar Joint (also referred to as the talocalcaneal joint)
Describe the Transverse tarsal joints? - Correct Answers -Transverse tarsal joints (aka
Midtarsal and Choparts joint) is made up of two joints: Talonavicular & Calcaneocuboid
joints. Its also referred to as LYSFRANC joint. This joint is made up of tarsals and the
metatarsals.
Pes Cavus (high arch) - Correct Answers -Higher arch than normal; associated with
excessive supination, accentuated high medial longitudinal arch
Pes Planus - Correct Answers -flat footed
chacot marie tooth - Correct Answers -neuromuscular problems
, decreasing coordination over time. Characteristics include high-arched Pes Cavus foot
with Hammer toes, foot drop and frequent ankle strains.
Edema - Correct Answers -Abnormal buildup of fluid in the body. Edema is commonly
seen in feet and ankles.
Charcot Foot - Correct Answers -Neuropathic fracture/dislocation found in patients with
diabetes, most commonly resulting in a "rocker-bottom" foot deformity.
instep of foot - Correct Answers -Top center of the foot, in front of the ankle and behind
the waist and ball of the foot.
Straight lasted shoes are best for: - Correct Answers -Individuals who are Flat footed
How many arches are in the foot? - Correct Answers -three; two longitudinal and one
transverse
What is a ligament? - Correct Answers -attaches bone to bone; Ligaments are grouped
together in cords, bands, or sheets, and are as strong as rope.
What is a tendon? - Correct Answers -Attaches muscle to bone; Muscles move bone by
pulling on tendons.
What is the ligament that is most prone to ankle sprains? - Correct Answers -Anterior
Talofibular ligament
What are the names of the 3 lateral-collateral ligaments? - Correct Answers -Anterior
Talofibular, Posterior Talofibular, and the Calcaneofibular
What are the deltoid ligaments and where are they located? - Correct Answers -They
are located on the medial side of the ankle. These ligaments are very strong however
injuries occur much less commonly than lateral ligament injuries.
What are the 3 types of muscles? - Correct Answers -smooth, cardiac, skeletal
Describe Origin & Insertion - Correct Answers -Origrin is the more fixed attachment of a
muscle, typically the starting and proximal point of a muscle. INSERTION is the
moveable attachment at the distal end of a muscle. This produces skeletal movement
when muscles contracts.
Intrinsic vs Extrinsic (describe the difference between these two) - Correct Answers -
Intrinsic muscles of the foot are muscles that have both their ORIGIN & INSERTION in
the foot.
Extrinsic muscles of the the foot are those muscle that have their ORGIN IN LOWER
LEG & INSERTION IN THE FOOT.
Answers
How many regions is the foot divided into and what are the names of the anatomical
divisions? - Correct Answers -There are (3) regions of the foot known as : Forefoot,
Midfoot, Hindfoot
What bones make up the Hindfoot? - Correct Answers -talus and calcaneus
What bones make up the midfoot? - Correct Answers -navicular, cuboid, 3 cuneiforms
(medial, intermediate, & lateral)
What bones make up the forefoot ? - Correct Answers -5 metatarsals and 14 phalanges
What are the two pea-shaped bones located in the ball of the foot beneath the joint of
the Hallux and first metatarsal called? - Correct Answers -The Sesamoids
What is a joint? - Correct Answers -where two or more bones meet
How many joints are in the foot? - Correct Answers -33
What joints makeup the hindfood & midfoot? - Correct Answers -Ankle Joint, Subtalar
joints and the Transverse tarsal joints.
What is another name for the ankle joint? - Correct Answers -talocrural joint
What is the MAJOR JOINT in the hindfoot as well as the largest joint in the entire foot
called? - Correct Answers -the Subtalar Joint (also referred to as the talocalcaneal joint)
Describe the Transverse tarsal joints? - Correct Answers -Transverse tarsal joints (aka
Midtarsal and Choparts joint) is made up of two joints: Talonavicular & Calcaneocuboid
joints. Its also referred to as LYSFRANC joint. This joint is made up of tarsals and the
metatarsals.
Pes Cavus (high arch) - Correct Answers -Higher arch than normal; associated with
excessive supination, accentuated high medial longitudinal arch
Pes Planus - Correct Answers -flat footed
chacot marie tooth - Correct Answers -neuromuscular problems
, decreasing coordination over time. Characteristics include high-arched Pes Cavus foot
with Hammer toes, foot drop and frequent ankle strains.
Edema - Correct Answers -Abnormal buildup of fluid in the body. Edema is commonly
seen in feet and ankles.
Charcot Foot - Correct Answers -Neuropathic fracture/dislocation found in patients with
diabetes, most commonly resulting in a "rocker-bottom" foot deformity.
instep of foot - Correct Answers -Top center of the foot, in front of the ankle and behind
the waist and ball of the foot.
Straight lasted shoes are best for: - Correct Answers -Individuals who are Flat footed
How many arches are in the foot? - Correct Answers -three; two longitudinal and one
transverse
What is a ligament? - Correct Answers -attaches bone to bone; Ligaments are grouped
together in cords, bands, or sheets, and are as strong as rope.
What is a tendon? - Correct Answers -Attaches muscle to bone; Muscles move bone by
pulling on tendons.
What is the ligament that is most prone to ankle sprains? - Correct Answers -Anterior
Talofibular ligament
What are the names of the 3 lateral-collateral ligaments? - Correct Answers -Anterior
Talofibular, Posterior Talofibular, and the Calcaneofibular
What are the deltoid ligaments and where are they located? - Correct Answers -They
are located on the medial side of the ankle. These ligaments are very strong however
injuries occur much less commonly than lateral ligament injuries.
What are the 3 types of muscles? - Correct Answers -smooth, cardiac, skeletal
Describe Origin & Insertion - Correct Answers -Origrin is the more fixed attachment of a
muscle, typically the starting and proximal point of a muscle. INSERTION is the
moveable attachment at the distal end of a muscle. This produces skeletal movement
when muscles contracts.
Intrinsic vs Extrinsic (describe the difference between these two) - Correct Answers -
Intrinsic muscles of the foot are muscles that have both their ORIGIN & INSERTION in
the foot.
Extrinsic muscles of the the foot are those muscle that have their ORGIN IN LOWER
LEG & INSERTION IN THE FOOT.
