SOS 111 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY
SCORED A+ | LATEST UPDATE 2025
Megacities - ANSWER a very large city, typically one with a population of over
ten million people.
Global Impacts of Cities - ANSWER Although urban population growth over the
past century occurred on less than 3% of the Earth's surface, the impact has been
global, with
- 78% of carbon emissions
- 60% of residential water use
- 76% of wood used for industrial purposes attributed to cities. Currently about 1%
of earth surface is urban. Some forecast suggest this could be tripled by 2030.
Cities in Food Production - ANSWER According to UNDP, urban agriculture
produces 15% of the world's food, and has the potential to produce 25% of the
nutritional needs of the global population.
• Singapore produce 25% of the city's vegetables and 80% of its poultry.
• In Buenos Aires, a 10 *10 m plot can provide all the vegetables needed by a
family of five.
• Berlin's 80,000 gardens are cultivated on 4% of the land area.
• In 1991, Shanghai was collecting 90% (8000 ton) of the city's human waste each
day, treating it, and selling it to farmers in the suburban area.
Impacts of Extreme Heat - ANSWER Europe 2003
- 70,000 excess deaths
, California 1999-2003
- 10°F increase in temperature, 2.6% increase in cardiovascular mortality
California 2006
- 16,000 emergency room visits
- 1,200 hospitaliza=ons
Phoenix Today
- Approximately 100 deaths per year
Results of Urban Flooding - ANSWER • Contaminated water supplies
• Loss of life and property
• Combined Sewer Overflows
Energy Landscapes - ANSWER The social and technical aspects of energy
production - energy is a social issue with technical components. Supply impacts
acceptance and land use.
Highest Carbon Intensity - ANSWER Coal has the highest carbon intensity
among fossil fuels, resulting in coal-fired plants having the highest output rate of
CO2 per kWh.
Demand-side management - ANSWER An approach toward energy efficiency
often used by electrical utility companies that meets customer needs by lowering
the demand for the energy, rather than increasing the supply. This can be
accomplished by using more energy efficient appliances, and better insulated
materials.
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY
SCORED A+ | LATEST UPDATE 2025
Megacities - ANSWER a very large city, typically one with a population of over
ten million people.
Global Impacts of Cities - ANSWER Although urban population growth over the
past century occurred on less than 3% of the Earth's surface, the impact has been
global, with
- 78% of carbon emissions
- 60% of residential water use
- 76% of wood used for industrial purposes attributed to cities. Currently about 1%
of earth surface is urban. Some forecast suggest this could be tripled by 2030.
Cities in Food Production - ANSWER According to UNDP, urban agriculture
produces 15% of the world's food, and has the potential to produce 25% of the
nutritional needs of the global population.
• Singapore produce 25% of the city's vegetables and 80% of its poultry.
• In Buenos Aires, a 10 *10 m plot can provide all the vegetables needed by a
family of five.
• Berlin's 80,000 gardens are cultivated on 4% of the land area.
• In 1991, Shanghai was collecting 90% (8000 ton) of the city's human waste each
day, treating it, and selling it to farmers in the suburban area.
Impacts of Extreme Heat - ANSWER Europe 2003
- 70,000 excess deaths
, California 1999-2003
- 10°F increase in temperature, 2.6% increase in cardiovascular mortality
California 2006
- 16,000 emergency room visits
- 1,200 hospitaliza=ons
Phoenix Today
- Approximately 100 deaths per year
Results of Urban Flooding - ANSWER • Contaminated water supplies
• Loss of life and property
• Combined Sewer Overflows
Energy Landscapes - ANSWER The social and technical aspects of energy
production - energy is a social issue with technical components. Supply impacts
acceptance and land use.
Highest Carbon Intensity - ANSWER Coal has the highest carbon intensity
among fossil fuels, resulting in coal-fired plants having the highest output rate of
CO2 per kWh.
Demand-side management - ANSWER An approach toward energy efficiency
often used by electrical utility companies that meets customer needs by lowering
the demand for the energy, rather than increasing the supply. This can be
accomplished by using more energy efficient appliances, and better insulated
materials.
