GXMO REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
History - ANSWER-- discovered November 8th, 1895
- Wilhem Roentgen
- 15 min exposure of hand
- first medical x-ray taken 1896
- radiograph: non moving, recording of an x-ray image
- common in World War 1
fluoroscopy - ANSWER-- early 1900s
- viewing an x-ray image in motion
American Society of Radiologic Technologists - ANSWER-- 1922 formed
- promotes research, continuing education, and guidelines for radiographic instruction
- establishes standards and examinations to certify techs
- ARRT
Angiography - ANSWER-- images of blood vessels
Mammography - ANSWER-- imaging of breast tissue
CT (computed tomography) - ANSWER-- 3D images
Nuclear medicine - ANSWER-- images of organ function using radioactive
pharmaceuitcals
Radiation therapy - ANSWER-- use of radiation to treat cancer tissue
ultrasonography - ANSWER-- sound waves to make images of the body
MRI magnetic resonance imaging - ANSWER-- magnetic field and radio waves to
generate sectional images of body
GCMO license - ANSWER-- can perform limited types of x-ray exams
- radiologic technologist can perform any type of exam
GXMO duties - ANSWER-- must have direction in setting exposure factors
- must have direct supervision
- may not perform mobile radiography, computed tomography, fluoroscopy, or
administer contrast media
,Standard diagnostic radiologic procedures - ANSWER-- utilizing radiation generating
equipment for one or more of the following procedures, limited by the physicians scope
of practice
License rules - ANSWER-- cannot perform mobile, mammography, computed
tomography, tomography, fluoroscopy, cinefluoroscopy
- direct supervision
- administered by the Ohio Department of Health
- license expires biennially on birthday
- renewal requires completion of 12 classroom hours
X-Ray tube - ANSWER-- source of primary radiation
patient - ANSWER-- x-rays are absorbed, scattered, and transmitted
Image receptor - ANSWER-- receives remnant radiation
Primary Radiaiton - ANSWER-- exits tube via tube port directed toward patient
Scatter radiation - ANSWER-- emitted in all directions from patient
Remnant radiation - ANSWER-- composed of scatter and transmitted primary radiation
directed toward image receptor
X-Ray tube - ANSWER-- source of primary x-ray beam
Tube housing - ANSWER-- lead lined except port
tube port - ANSWER-- allows primary beam to exit
central ray - ANSWER-center of primary radiation field
glass evelope - ANSWER-- maintains vacuum inside x-ray
protective housing - ANSWER-- lead lined, limits leakage radiation
tube port - ANSWER-- opening in protective housing allowing emission of primary
radiation
Collimator - ANSWER-- under tube housing
- limits size of beam
- provides light field
- corresponding to x-ray beam field
- provides cross-hairs locating Central Ray
Patient - ANSWER-- contains variety of tissue
, - differential absoprtion: some tissue absorbs x ray more than other tissue
- attenuation:x-ray beam decreases in intensity as it passes through the patient
image receptor - ANSWER-- receives remnant beam and forms latent image
- remnant beam contains transmitted radiation and scatter radiation
scatter radiation - ANSWER-- causes fog on image that decrease contrast
- causes radiation dose to x-ray machine operator
film based image receptor - ANSWER-- cassette: light tight container for film
- film: contains emulsion sensitive to radiation and light
- processing: in darkroom, converts invisible latent image to visible image
Computed Radiography CR image receptor - ANSWER-- cassette: contains reusable x-
ray sensitive phosphor plate that captures latent image
- processor: reads plate with laser, erases image from plate
- eliminates need for film, processor chemistry, darkroom, view boxes, large filing area,
etc.
Direct Radiography DR image receptor - ANSWER-- flat panel detector: converts x-ray
energy to electronic signal
- imaging computer: translates electronic signal into digital image
- eliminates processing step, detector remains in room
X-ray tube movement - ANSWER-- raised or lowered (vertically)
- longitudinally or transversely
- swiveled or rotated
- angled
- detent: stops tube movement in specific location
Radiographic table movement - ANSWER-- Trendelenburg (head lower)
- reverse trendelenburg
control console - ANSWER-- located in control booth
- walls and windows designed for radiation protections
- lead glass
- concrete walls
- lead lining in tube housing
Fundamental radiation safety - ANSWER-- minimize time
- maximize shielding
- maximize distance
Time - ANSWER-- when applied to operator: minimize time you are exposed to
radiation, never hold patient during exam
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
History - ANSWER-- discovered November 8th, 1895
- Wilhem Roentgen
- 15 min exposure of hand
- first medical x-ray taken 1896
- radiograph: non moving, recording of an x-ray image
- common in World War 1
fluoroscopy - ANSWER-- early 1900s
- viewing an x-ray image in motion
American Society of Radiologic Technologists - ANSWER-- 1922 formed
- promotes research, continuing education, and guidelines for radiographic instruction
- establishes standards and examinations to certify techs
- ARRT
Angiography - ANSWER-- images of blood vessels
Mammography - ANSWER-- imaging of breast tissue
CT (computed tomography) - ANSWER-- 3D images
Nuclear medicine - ANSWER-- images of organ function using radioactive
pharmaceuitcals
Radiation therapy - ANSWER-- use of radiation to treat cancer tissue
ultrasonography - ANSWER-- sound waves to make images of the body
MRI magnetic resonance imaging - ANSWER-- magnetic field and radio waves to
generate sectional images of body
GCMO license - ANSWER-- can perform limited types of x-ray exams
- radiologic technologist can perform any type of exam
GXMO duties - ANSWER-- must have direction in setting exposure factors
- must have direct supervision
- may not perform mobile radiography, computed tomography, fluoroscopy, or
administer contrast media
,Standard diagnostic radiologic procedures - ANSWER-- utilizing radiation generating
equipment for one or more of the following procedures, limited by the physicians scope
of practice
License rules - ANSWER-- cannot perform mobile, mammography, computed
tomography, tomography, fluoroscopy, cinefluoroscopy
- direct supervision
- administered by the Ohio Department of Health
- license expires biennially on birthday
- renewal requires completion of 12 classroom hours
X-Ray tube - ANSWER-- source of primary radiation
patient - ANSWER-- x-rays are absorbed, scattered, and transmitted
Image receptor - ANSWER-- receives remnant radiation
Primary Radiaiton - ANSWER-- exits tube via tube port directed toward patient
Scatter radiation - ANSWER-- emitted in all directions from patient
Remnant radiation - ANSWER-- composed of scatter and transmitted primary radiation
directed toward image receptor
X-Ray tube - ANSWER-- source of primary x-ray beam
Tube housing - ANSWER-- lead lined except port
tube port - ANSWER-- allows primary beam to exit
central ray - ANSWER-center of primary radiation field
glass evelope - ANSWER-- maintains vacuum inside x-ray
protective housing - ANSWER-- lead lined, limits leakage radiation
tube port - ANSWER-- opening in protective housing allowing emission of primary
radiation
Collimator - ANSWER-- under tube housing
- limits size of beam
- provides light field
- corresponding to x-ray beam field
- provides cross-hairs locating Central Ray
Patient - ANSWER-- contains variety of tissue
, - differential absoprtion: some tissue absorbs x ray more than other tissue
- attenuation:x-ray beam decreases in intensity as it passes through the patient
image receptor - ANSWER-- receives remnant beam and forms latent image
- remnant beam contains transmitted radiation and scatter radiation
scatter radiation - ANSWER-- causes fog on image that decrease contrast
- causes radiation dose to x-ray machine operator
film based image receptor - ANSWER-- cassette: light tight container for film
- film: contains emulsion sensitive to radiation and light
- processing: in darkroom, converts invisible latent image to visible image
Computed Radiography CR image receptor - ANSWER-- cassette: contains reusable x-
ray sensitive phosphor plate that captures latent image
- processor: reads plate with laser, erases image from plate
- eliminates need for film, processor chemistry, darkroom, view boxes, large filing area,
etc.
Direct Radiography DR image receptor - ANSWER-- flat panel detector: converts x-ray
energy to electronic signal
- imaging computer: translates electronic signal into digital image
- eliminates processing step, detector remains in room
X-ray tube movement - ANSWER-- raised or lowered (vertically)
- longitudinally or transversely
- swiveled or rotated
- angled
- detent: stops tube movement in specific location
Radiographic table movement - ANSWER-- Trendelenburg (head lower)
- reverse trendelenburg
control console - ANSWER-- located in control booth
- walls and windows designed for radiation protections
- lead glass
- concrete walls
- lead lining in tube housing
Fundamental radiation safety - ANSWER-- minimize time
- maximize shielding
- maximize distance
Time - ANSWER-- when applied to operator: minimize time you are exposed to
radiation, never hold patient during exam
