NUR 170: Exam 6 Study Guide (2025 / 2026 Updated) Concepts of Medical Surgical Nursing Review Guide Questions and Verified Answers, 100% Correct- (Galen)

NUR 170: Exam 6 Study Guide ( Updated)
Concepts of Medical Surgical Nursing Review Guide
Questions and Verified Answers, 100% Correct- (Galen)


`NURu170uEXAMu1uSTUDYuGUIDE

AssessmentuanduCareuofuPatientsuinuPain

• Assessment—
Location,uIntensity,uQuality,uOnsetuanduDuration,uAggravatinguanduRelievinguFactors,uEffects
uofuPainuonuQOL
• Bestuindicatoruofupain—
o Self-report-
theupatientuisutheuauthorityuonutheupainuandutheuonlyuoneuwhoucanudescribeutheu
experience.
▪ Elderly,usubstanceuabusers,uLanguageubarriers**HIGHuRISKuGROUP
▪ Pg.u25utableu3-1uImpactuofuunrelievedupain
• Painuscales—qualityudescriptiveuandubestuforufeedbackuinuassessingupainulevel.
o NumericuRatinguScaleu(NRS)-u0-10upainuscaleuverbalizedubyupatient.
o Wong-BakeruFACES-u6ucartoonufacesuwithuwordudescriptors
o FaceuPainuScale—Revisedu(FPS-R)-
u7ufaces,upatientupicksufaceuthatubestudepictsutheirupain.
o VerbaluDescriptoruScaleu(VDS)—Wordsuoruphrasesuthatudescribeuintensityuof
pain.
• PainuGoals—Prevent.uRestore/Allowufunction.uGooduQOL—
o dounotugiveuunrealisticugoals,ubringugoalutouautoleratingulevel.
• TypesuofuPain—
o Acute-uusuallyutemporary,uhasuausuddenuonset,uanduisueasilyulocalized.
▪ Patientsumayuexperienceufightuoruflightureactionsusuchuas—
increaseduvitalusigns,usweating,uandudilatedupupilsu(acuteupainumode
u


l).
o Chronic-upersistentupain,uoftenudescribeduasupainuthatulastsuofurecursuforuan
indefiniteuperiod,uusuallyuforu3umonthsuorumore.
▪ Emotionaluandufinancialuburdens—depressionuanduhopelessness.

, ▪ Theubodyuadaptsuthusuvitalusignsuoftenuwillubeuloweruthanunormal.
• Pg.u25utableu3-2—Characteristicsuofuacuteuanduchronicupain
• Painuchallenges—
o Cognitivelyuimpaired—comeuupuwithuaubaselineufromufamilyuorufriends.
o Criticallyuillu(intubated,uunresponsive)—bodyubehaviors,uwithdrawal-
physiologicalusigns.
u



o Comatose
o ImminentlyuDying
▪ Pg.u33utableu3-5—HierarchyuofuPainuMeasures
1. Attemptutouobtainuself-report
2. Consideruunderlyingupathologyuofupain
3. Observeubehaviors
4. Evaluateuphysiologicuindicators
5. Conductuanuanalgesicutrial

, • Typesuofupainumeds—
o Non-opioiduanalgesic—

▪ Acetaminophen—Analgesicuanduantipyreticuproperties-
notueffectiveuw/uinflammation
u




▪ NSAID's—uAnalgesic,uantipyretic,uanduanti-inflammatoryuproperties

• Canubeucombineduwithuopioids

o OpioiduAnalgesic—Treatsumoderateutousevereupain:
▪ Morphine—
vasodilator;uwatchuBPucanucauseudecreaseuanduorthostaticuhypertensio
n,uurinaryuretention,uUTI,uanduconfusionuinuelderlyupatients.
▪ Fentanyl
▪ Hydromorphone
▪ Hydrocodone
▪ Oxycodone
▪ Oxymorphone
▪ Methadone
• PCAuteaching—
o PCAu(patient-controlleduanalgesia)—Hasusafetyusettings.uBasal-
Continuousurate.uDemand-Bolusupatientucontrolledupre-programedudose.
o Cannotuoverdoseumedicationuisuprogrammeduforulockuout-uOnlyupatientupushes
button.
• PCAuinterventions—
o IfuRDu(assessuLOCuanduO2)ustopubasal.uMayuneeduNaloxone
• Sideueffectsuofuopioids—u(Pg.u43uTableu3-9)
o Sedation—RaspatoryuDepressionu(tableu3-10)uuseusedationuscale
o Constipationu(noubulkulax)—pushuambulationuanduadequateufluiduintake
o NauseauanduVomitingu(n/v)—
Zofran;ueducateuthatutoleranceuwilludevelopuifuregularudosesuofuopioidsuareuneed
ed,uconsideruaudifferentuopioiduifuunuresolvedun/v
o Respiratoryudepression—snoringuisuNOTunormal,uaskuforubaselineuupon
admission
o Lowu02—Diaphoresisu(sweating)
• Interventionsuforuopioids—