1
NEP 2450 EXAM 3 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS)
QUESTION: Older adults have proportionately more illness than
younger adults, and the two leading causes of death are heart
disease and cancer.
Ans: true
QUESTION: The CDC suggests that longevity depends more on
lifestyle factors than on genetics.
Ans: true:
lifestyle factors are estimated to account for 51 percent of longevity compared to
a 19 percent contribution from genetics.
QUESTION: U.S. life expectancy at birth is the highest in the world
Ans: false
Master01 | Dec, 2024/2025 | Latest update
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QUESTION: Fat-free mass or lean body mass tends to shrink in old
age. This results in significantly decreased need for calories,
vitamins, and minerals.
Ans: False:
[It's a trick question] While energy needs decrease with age, some vitamins
(vitamins , and D) and minerals (Mg, Ca) increase with age while iron and
chromium decrease.
QUESTION: The OAANP serves individuals aged 60 and older. The
congregate meal program was established to increase socialization
as well as to improve nutritional intakes of older adults.
Ans: true
QUESTION: DETERMINE, MUST, and the MNA are three tools to
screen for nutritional risk. List five factors that place older adults at
risk of malnutrition.
Ans: Here are seven factors that put older adults at risk of malnutrition: (1)
food insecurity or low income, (2) eating fewer than two meals per day, (3) illness
or a condition that has affected dietary intake, (4) lost or gained more than 10 lb
Master01 | Dec, 2024/2025 | Latest update
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in the last six months, (5) polypharmacy, (6) BMI below 19, and (7) physical
limitations to shop, cook, and feed self.
QUESTION: Food guidance for older adults is different from that for
the general public. Cite two adjustments in food guidance that are
particularly important for older adults.
Ans: Here are three adjustments of generic food-guides to make for older
adults: (1) greater risk of dehydration requires fluid assessment and
recommendations, (2) lower caloric intake needs to be balanced with greater
nutrient density, especially when activity level is low, and (3) guidance needs to
ensure adequate protein intake when caloric intake is marginal.
QUESTION: The AMDR for protein is 10-35 percent of calories, and
the RDA is 0.8 g/kg body weight. If the average older adult meets
the RDA, why is protein a nutrient of concern for older adults?
Ans: Reasons might include lack of money that may affect ability to buy high-
quality protein, compromised ability to chew, inability to cut meats once cooked,
and cognitive impairment that leads to forgetting to eat.
QUESTION: What are the three most common chronic conditions
affecting men over age 65?
Master01 | Dec, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 4
Ans: Hypertension, arthritis, and heart diseases.
QUESTION: What are the three most common chronic conditions
affecting women over age 65?
Ans: Hypertension, arthritis, and heart diseases; in other words, older men and
women face the same chronic diseases.
QUESTION: BMI is a less effective predictor of morbidity and
mortality in older than younger adults. Why is BMI a less reliable
tool in older adults?
Ans: The BMI is calculated using height and weight. Getting an accurate height
may be more difficult in older adults who have compressed vertebrae or kyphosis
which has reduced normal height. On average, older adults have lost muscle tissue
which has been replaced with fat tissue and BMIs were developed with
measurements of younger adults. Dehydration can introduce further errors into
the interpretation of a BMI in an older individual. Thus, less weight may be due to
less muscle and body water.
QUESTION: The DASH diet has been shown to reduce HBP; additional
sodium restrictions have led to further reductions in blood
pressure.
Master01 | Dec, 2024/2025 | Latest update
NEP 2450 EXAM 3 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS)
QUESTION: Older adults have proportionately more illness than
younger adults, and the two leading causes of death are heart
disease and cancer.
Ans: true
QUESTION: The CDC suggests that longevity depends more on
lifestyle factors than on genetics.
Ans: true:
lifestyle factors are estimated to account for 51 percent of longevity compared to
a 19 percent contribution from genetics.
QUESTION: U.S. life expectancy at birth is the highest in the world
Ans: false
Master01 | Dec, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 2
QUESTION: Fat-free mass or lean body mass tends to shrink in old
age. This results in significantly decreased need for calories,
vitamins, and minerals.
Ans: False:
[It's a trick question] While energy needs decrease with age, some vitamins
(vitamins , and D) and minerals (Mg, Ca) increase with age while iron and
chromium decrease.
QUESTION: The OAANP serves individuals aged 60 and older. The
congregate meal program was established to increase socialization
as well as to improve nutritional intakes of older adults.
Ans: true
QUESTION: DETERMINE, MUST, and the MNA are three tools to
screen for nutritional risk. List five factors that place older adults at
risk of malnutrition.
Ans: Here are seven factors that put older adults at risk of malnutrition: (1)
food insecurity or low income, (2) eating fewer than two meals per day, (3) illness
or a condition that has affected dietary intake, (4) lost or gained more than 10 lb
Master01 | Dec, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 3
in the last six months, (5) polypharmacy, (6) BMI below 19, and (7) physical
limitations to shop, cook, and feed self.
QUESTION: Food guidance for older adults is different from that for
the general public. Cite two adjustments in food guidance that are
particularly important for older adults.
Ans: Here are three adjustments of generic food-guides to make for older
adults: (1) greater risk of dehydration requires fluid assessment and
recommendations, (2) lower caloric intake needs to be balanced with greater
nutrient density, especially when activity level is low, and (3) guidance needs to
ensure adequate protein intake when caloric intake is marginal.
QUESTION: The AMDR for protein is 10-35 percent of calories, and
the RDA is 0.8 g/kg body weight. If the average older adult meets
the RDA, why is protein a nutrient of concern for older adults?
Ans: Reasons might include lack of money that may affect ability to buy high-
quality protein, compromised ability to chew, inability to cut meats once cooked,
and cognitive impairment that leads to forgetting to eat.
QUESTION: What are the three most common chronic conditions
affecting men over age 65?
Master01 | Dec, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 4
Ans: Hypertension, arthritis, and heart diseases.
QUESTION: What are the three most common chronic conditions
affecting women over age 65?
Ans: Hypertension, arthritis, and heart diseases; in other words, older men and
women face the same chronic diseases.
QUESTION: BMI is a less effective predictor of morbidity and
mortality in older than younger adults. Why is BMI a less reliable
tool in older adults?
Ans: The BMI is calculated using height and weight. Getting an accurate height
may be more difficult in older adults who have compressed vertebrae or kyphosis
which has reduced normal height. On average, older adults have lost muscle tissue
which has been replaced with fat tissue and BMIs were developed with
measurements of younger adults. Dehydration can introduce further errors into
the interpretation of a BMI in an older individual. Thus, less weight may be due to
less muscle and body water.
QUESTION: The DASH diet has been shown to reduce HBP; additional
sodium restrictions have led to further reductions in blood
pressure.
Master01 | Dec, 2024/2025 | Latest update
