AMSCO APUSH Chapter 1-15 Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
American Indian Societies 1491 - ✔✔Some time between 10,000 and 40,000 years ago,
people may have migrated from Asia to the Americas, across a land bridge that
connected Siberia and Alaska. Over a long period of time, successive generations
migrated southward to the southern tip of South America. They evolved to hundreds of
tribes, spoke different languages, and practiced different cultures. In the 1490s it is
estimated that the Native American population was from 50 million to 100 million
people.
European incentives for exploring and settling of America - ✔✔In the 15th century
(1400s) there were three primary motives for Europeans to explore and settle America
were political, economic, and religious.
Political: In the 15th century Europe was changing politically. Nation states were
forming, where the majority of people shared a common culture and a common loyalty
toward a central government. The monarchs of these countries such as Spain, Portugal,
France, England, and the Netherlands depended on trade to bring in needed revenue
and they wanted to expand trade.
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,Economic: In the past merchants had traveled a long, slow, and expensive land route to
Asia. In 1453, this route was blocked when the Ottoman Turks seized control of
Constantinople. In order to find a route to the rich Asian market, European nations
funded exploration by sea. In 1492, Spain financed Christopher Columbus who sailed
across the Atlantic in search of a route to Asia. He landed on an island in the Bahamas.
Religious: In the early 1500s, many Christians in northern European countries had
revolted against the Roman Catholic church, in the Protestant Reformation. The conflict
between the Catholics and the Protestants caused them to want to spread their version
of Christianity to other parts of the world.
Columbian Exchange - ✔✔The Europeans and the original inhabitants of the Americas
had developed vastly different cultures over thousands of years. This term refers to the
transfer of plants, animals and germs from one side of the Atlantic to the other for the
first time. Europe received beans, corn, potatoes tomatoes, and tobacco. America
received sugar cane, bluegrasses, pigs, horses, the wheel, iron implements, guns, and
most importantly diseases.
triangular trade - ✔✔In the 17th century New England merchant ships would follow a
triangle route. Starting from a New England port they would carry rum across the
Atlantic to West African. There the rum would be traded for hundreds of African
slaves. Next, the ship would sale to the West Indies (Caribbean), trade the slaves, and
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
,take on a cargo of sugar cane. The last part of the journey, they would return to a New
England port and sell the sugarcane, which was used to make rum.
Middle Passage - ✔✔Voyage from West Africa to the West Indies. It was miserable for
the slaves transported and many died.
mercantilism - ✔✔In the 17th century (1600s) most European kingdoms adopted the
economic policy of mercantilism. Under mercantilism, colonies were to provide raw
materials to the parent country for the growth and profit of the parent countries
industries. Colonies existed only to enrich the parent country. Spain and France had
applied mercantilistic policies with their colonies from the beginning, but England
began to apply mercantilistic policies in the mid 17th century.
Jamestown (cooperation, conflict, identity, leaders, failures, success, reasons for settling)
- ✔✔In 1607, the first permanent English colony in America was founded at this
location. The Virginia Company, was a a joint-stock company chartered by England's
King James I. The settlement was located in a swampy area which resulted in fatal
outbreaks of malaria and dysentery. Many of the settlers were not accustomed to
farming and hunting. Trade with the American Indians was important to the settlement
and conflicts would halt trade and settlers went hungry. By 1624, the Virginia colony
was near collapse, so King James I took direct control and turned it into England's first
royal colony.
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 3
, indentured servitude - ✔✔Young people from England under contract with a master
who paid for their passage. Worked for a specified period for room and board, then
they were free.
Plymouth Colony (cooperation, conflict, identity) - ✔✔This colony was started by the
Pilgrims at Plymouth (Massachusetts). Originally known as Separatists, they wanted to
organize a church separate from the Church of England. Several hundred of them left
England and moved to Holland. In Holland they experienced economic hardship and
cultural differences. In 1620, they sailed aboard the Mayflower to Plymouth. In the first
winter nearly half of them perished. They were eventually helped by friendly American
Indians and celebrated the first Thanksgiving in 1621.
Massachusetts Bay Colony (cooperation, conflict, identity, leaders, failures, success,
reasons for settling) - ✔✔In 1630, John Winthrop led about a thousand Puritans to
America to found Boston and other towns, as the Massachusetts Bay Company, a royal
charter colony. They were called Puritans because they were moderated dissenters, that
believed the Church of England should be purified. They originally came to America
for religious freedom. However, in the 1630s, a civil war in England drove nearly 15,000
settlers to the Massachusetts Bay Colony, in the Great Migration.
Bacon's Rebellion - ✔✔In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon led a group of army volunteers that
raided Native American villages, fought the Virginia governor's forces, and set fire to
Jamestown. The rebellion lost momentum when Bacon died of dysentery. The rebellion
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 4
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
American Indian Societies 1491 - ✔✔Some time between 10,000 and 40,000 years ago,
people may have migrated from Asia to the Americas, across a land bridge that
connected Siberia and Alaska. Over a long period of time, successive generations
migrated southward to the southern tip of South America. They evolved to hundreds of
tribes, spoke different languages, and practiced different cultures. In the 1490s it is
estimated that the Native American population was from 50 million to 100 million
people.
European incentives for exploring and settling of America - ✔✔In the 15th century
(1400s) there were three primary motives for Europeans to explore and settle America
were political, economic, and religious.
Political: In the 15th century Europe was changing politically. Nation states were
forming, where the majority of people shared a common culture and a common loyalty
toward a central government. The monarchs of these countries such as Spain, Portugal,
France, England, and the Netherlands depended on trade to bring in needed revenue
and they wanted to expand trade.
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,Economic: In the past merchants had traveled a long, slow, and expensive land route to
Asia. In 1453, this route was blocked when the Ottoman Turks seized control of
Constantinople. In order to find a route to the rich Asian market, European nations
funded exploration by sea. In 1492, Spain financed Christopher Columbus who sailed
across the Atlantic in search of a route to Asia. He landed on an island in the Bahamas.
Religious: In the early 1500s, many Christians in northern European countries had
revolted against the Roman Catholic church, in the Protestant Reformation. The conflict
between the Catholics and the Protestants caused them to want to spread their version
of Christianity to other parts of the world.
Columbian Exchange - ✔✔The Europeans and the original inhabitants of the Americas
had developed vastly different cultures over thousands of years. This term refers to the
transfer of plants, animals and germs from one side of the Atlantic to the other for the
first time. Europe received beans, corn, potatoes tomatoes, and tobacco. America
received sugar cane, bluegrasses, pigs, horses, the wheel, iron implements, guns, and
most importantly diseases.
triangular trade - ✔✔In the 17th century New England merchant ships would follow a
triangle route. Starting from a New England port they would carry rum across the
Atlantic to West African. There the rum would be traded for hundreds of African
slaves. Next, the ship would sale to the West Indies (Caribbean), trade the slaves, and
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
,take on a cargo of sugar cane. The last part of the journey, they would return to a New
England port and sell the sugarcane, which was used to make rum.
Middle Passage - ✔✔Voyage from West Africa to the West Indies. It was miserable for
the slaves transported and many died.
mercantilism - ✔✔In the 17th century (1600s) most European kingdoms adopted the
economic policy of mercantilism. Under mercantilism, colonies were to provide raw
materials to the parent country for the growth and profit of the parent countries
industries. Colonies existed only to enrich the parent country. Spain and France had
applied mercantilistic policies with their colonies from the beginning, but England
began to apply mercantilistic policies in the mid 17th century.
Jamestown (cooperation, conflict, identity, leaders, failures, success, reasons for settling)
- ✔✔In 1607, the first permanent English colony in America was founded at this
location. The Virginia Company, was a a joint-stock company chartered by England's
King James I. The settlement was located in a swampy area which resulted in fatal
outbreaks of malaria and dysentery. Many of the settlers were not accustomed to
farming and hunting. Trade with the American Indians was important to the settlement
and conflicts would halt trade and settlers went hungry. By 1624, the Virginia colony
was near collapse, so King James I took direct control and turned it into England's first
royal colony.
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 3
, indentured servitude - ✔✔Young people from England under contract with a master
who paid for their passage. Worked for a specified period for room and board, then
they were free.
Plymouth Colony (cooperation, conflict, identity) - ✔✔This colony was started by the
Pilgrims at Plymouth (Massachusetts). Originally known as Separatists, they wanted to
organize a church separate from the Church of England. Several hundred of them left
England and moved to Holland. In Holland they experienced economic hardship and
cultural differences. In 1620, they sailed aboard the Mayflower to Plymouth. In the first
winter nearly half of them perished. They were eventually helped by friendly American
Indians and celebrated the first Thanksgiving in 1621.
Massachusetts Bay Colony (cooperation, conflict, identity, leaders, failures, success,
reasons for settling) - ✔✔In 1630, John Winthrop led about a thousand Puritans to
America to found Boston and other towns, as the Massachusetts Bay Company, a royal
charter colony. They were called Puritans because they were moderated dissenters, that
believed the Church of England should be purified. They originally came to America
for religious freedom. However, in the 1630s, a civil war in England drove nearly 15,000
settlers to the Massachusetts Bay Colony, in the Great Migration.
Bacon's Rebellion - ✔✔In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon led a group of army volunteers that
raided Native American villages, fought the Virginia governor's forces, and set fire to
Jamestown. The rebellion lost momentum when Bacon died of dysentery. The rebellion
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 4
