ICRM Part 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
management functions - CORRECT ANSWER - Activities directly associated with
accomplishing an organization's mission. Includes: planning, organizing, directing, controlling,
staffing.
planning - CORRECT ANSWER - Process of setting objectives and determining how
those objectives are to be achieved in an uncertain future. The management function concerned
with guiding the activities of employees in the appropriate direction.
organizing - CORRECT ANSWER - Process of determining how resources are allocated
and prepared to accomplish an organization's mission.
directing/leading - CORRECT ANSWER - Proces of making decisions about how to
influence people's behavior and then carrying out those decisions.
controlling - CORRECT ANSWER - Process of ascertaining whether organizational
objectives have been achieved and if not, determining what actions should be taken to achieve
them in the future.
staffing - CORRECT ANSWER - Involves the recruitment, selection, training, evaluating,
and other functions related to the utilization of human resources. Some consider this a part of
organizing.
classical management - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed in the early 1900s; consists of
scientific management, administration and organization management, human resources, and
quality management.
scientific management - CORRECT ANSWER - "One best way" method, is the basis for
TQM.
,Frederick Taylor - CORRECT ANSWER - Considered the father of scientific
management. Did time and motion studies and applied engineering principles to the work done
on the factory floor.
Henry Gantt - CORRECT ANSWER - Worked with Taylor. Developed chartig method to
schedule workers across a series of tasks (to complete a project). Gantt charts are a precursor to
today's PERT technique (program evaluation review technique).
Frank Gilbreath - CORRECT ANSWER - Used time and motion studies to maximize
efficiency and effectiveness. Early advocate of scientific management. Was the guy who was the
father/central figure in Cheaper by the Dozen.
administration and organization management - CORRECT ANSWER - How managers
manage and organizations structured.
Henri Fayol - CORRECT ANSWER - Clarified functions of management and refined
functions. Planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. (Command and
Coordination = Leadership)
Max Weber - CORRECT ANSWER - Defined bureaucracy as "the ideal or pure form of
organization"
three types of authority - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Rational, legal authority (depends on
position) 2. Traditional authority (depends on legitimacy of person in command) 3. Charismatic
authority (depends on belief and trust of followers)
human resource theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Managing as people rather than a
resource like money or time.
Hawthorne Studies - CORRECT ANSWER - Set of experiments that examined the effects
of workers' physical environment on their productivity. Showed the importance of the social
systems in a work group and the impact of behavioral factors on productivity.
, Elton Mayo - CORRECT ANSWER - Theorized that workers would be more productive if
managers SEEMED more concerned about them.
behavioral science - CORRECT ANSWER - Management approached concerned with
increasing productivity by focusing on understanding the human element in an organization -
individuals and groups and how they can be effectively and efficiently combined in a large
organization.
A.H. Maslow - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed Hierarchy of Needs theory -
physiological, safety, love, esteem, self-actualization form a pyramid. Believed that you coud not
climb higher on the pyramid without meeting the needs of the lower levels.
Douglas Murray McGregor - CORRECT ANSWER - Believed managers could be divided
into two groups (X and Y), based on their view of human nature.
Theory X managers - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Believed workers naturally disliked work
and would avoid it if possible, 2. Because of this characteristic, workers needed to be controlled
or threatened to get the work accomplished, 3. And workers preferred to be directed because they
don't want the responsibility to make decisions; lacking ambition, they prefer security above all.
Theory Y managers - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Believed work is as natural as play and
rest; 2. Workers will exercise self-direction and self control to obtain objectives they are
committed to; 3. Commitment to objectives is tied to the rewards associated with their
achievement; 4. Acceptance and seeking of responsibility can be learned by workers under
proper conditions; 5. Capacity to exercise imagination, ingenuity, and creativity towards solving
organizational problems can be found throughout a population, not just at the top; and 6. Under
the conditions of modern industrial life, the intellectual potentialities of the average human are
only being partially utilized.
Frederick Herzberg - CORRECT ANSWER - Identified two types of needs: hygiene
factors and motivators
Questions and CORRECT Answers
management functions - CORRECT ANSWER - Activities directly associated with
accomplishing an organization's mission. Includes: planning, organizing, directing, controlling,
staffing.
planning - CORRECT ANSWER - Process of setting objectives and determining how
those objectives are to be achieved in an uncertain future. The management function concerned
with guiding the activities of employees in the appropriate direction.
organizing - CORRECT ANSWER - Process of determining how resources are allocated
and prepared to accomplish an organization's mission.
directing/leading - CORRECT ANSWER - Proces of making decisions about how to
influence people's behavior and then carrying out those decisions.
controlling - CORRECT ANSWER - Process of ascertaining whether organizational
objectives have been achieved and if not, determining what actions should be taken to achieve
them in the future.
staffing - CORRECT ANSWER - Involves the recruitment, selection, training, evaluating,
and other functions related to the utilization of human resources. Some consider this a part of
organizing.
classical management - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed in the early 1900s; consists of
scientific management, administration and organization management, human resources, and
quality management.
scientific management - CORRECT ANSWER - "One best way" method, is the basis for
TQM.
,Frederick Taylor - CORRECT ANSWER - Considered the father of scientific
management. Did time and motion studies and applied engineering principles to the work done
on the factory floor.
Henry Gantt - CORRECT ANSWER - Worked with Taylor. Developed chartig method to
schedule workers across a series of tasks (to complete a project). Gantt charts are a precursor to
today's PERT technique (program evaluation review technique).
Frank Gilbreath - CORRECT ANSWER - Used time and motion studies to maximize
efficiency and effectiveness. Early advocate of scientific management. Was the guy who was the
father/central figure in Cheaper by the Dozen.
administration and organization management - CORRECT ANSWER - How managers
manage and organizations structured.
Henri Fayol - CORRECT ANSWER - Clarified functions of management and refined
functions. Planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. (Command and
Coordination = Leadership)
Max Weber - CORRECT ANSWER - Defined bureaucracy as "the ideal or pure form of
organization"
three types of authority - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Rational, legal authority (depends on
position) 2. Traditional authority (depends on legitimacy of person in command) 3. Charismatic
authority (depends on belief and trust of followers)
human resource theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Managing as people rather than a
resource like money or time.
Hawthorne Studies - CORRECT ANSWER - Set of experiments that examined the effects
of workers' physical environment on their productivity. Showed the importance of the social
systems in a work group and the impact of behavioral factors on productivity.
, Elton Mayo - CORRECT ANSWER - Theorized that workers would be more productive if
managers SEEMED more concerned about them.
behavioral science - CORRECT ANSWER - Management approached concerned with
increasing productivity by focusing on understanding the human element in an organization -
individuals and groups and how they can be effectively and efficiently combined in a large
organization.
A.H. Maslow - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed Hierarchy of Needs theory -
physiological, safety, love, esteem, self-actualization form a pyramid. Believed that you coud not
climb higher on the pyramid without meeting the needs of the lower levels.
Douglas Murray McGregor - CORRECT ANSWER - Believed managers could be divided
into two groups (X and Y), based on their view of human nature.
Theory X managers - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Believed workers naturally disliked work
and would avoid it if possible, 2. Because of this characteristic, workers needed to be controlled
or threatened to get the work accomplished, 3. And workers preferred to be directed because they
don't want the responsibility to make decisions; lacking ambition, they prefer security above all.
Theory Y managers - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Believed work is as natural as play and
rest; 2. Workers will exercise self-direction and self control to obtain objectives they are
committed to; 3. Commitment to objectives is tied to the rewards associated with their
achievement; 4. Acceptance and seeking of responsibility can be learned by workers under
proper conditions; 5. Capacity to exercise imagination, ingenuity, and creativity towards solving
organizational problems can be found throughout a population, not just at the top; and 6. Under
the conditions of modern industrial life, the intellectual potentialities of the average human are
only being partially utilized.
Frederick Herzberg - CORRECT ANSWER - Identified two types of needs: hygiene
factors and motivators
