NSC 101 Exam 3 Actual Questions And Answers Success Guaranteed.

An organic molecule needed in small amounts in the body for normal growth, function and maintenance is a __________. - correct answer Vitamin Megadose of which of the following micronutrients is most likely to cause toxicity? - correct answer Vitamin A Which type of bone may be affected in type 2 osteoporosis? - correct answer Cortical and Trabecular Bone How do antioxidants prevent oxidative stress? - correct answer They become oxidized Sun exposure can affect bone health because... - correct answer UVB exposure is a source of vitamin D Which listings of foods correctly lists calcium bioavailability from highest to lowest? - correct answer Kale, milk, spinach If someone had lowered sodium concentration in the blood, this could indicate... - correct answer Over hydration Which of the following contribute to water intake? - correct answer Water produced as a byproduct from energy metabolism Which of the following nutrients is most vulnerable to degradation resulting in decreased function? - correct answer Riboflavin Some vitamins act as ________, which are non-protein molecules that help enzymes function. - correct answer Coenzymes Who of the following would be most at risk for nutrient deficiencies, and would benefit from a vitamin/mineral supplement? - correct answer An individual consuming less than 1200 kcals per day Which statement is true regarding vitamin E? - correct answer It can insert itself into cell membranes to prevent free radical damage Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed from the small intestine into the - correct answer Lymph system Vitamin C helps with the production of ___________ in tissues. - correct answer Collagen Chloride is - correct answer A component of hydrochloric acid A hormone from the brain that causes water retention is - correct answer Antidiuretic Hormone The major extracellular positive ion is - correct answer Sodium Free radicals are - correct answer Damaging and aggressive molecules with unpaired electrons Compounds found in spinach that can inhibit calcium absorption are called - correct answer Oxalates When comparing water and fat-soluble vitamins, which statement is true? - correct answer Fat-soluble vitamins are more likely to be toxic at high doses How does sodium retention by the kidneys increase blood volume/blood pressure? - correct answer The primary mechanism by which the kidneys regulate blood volume is by adjusting the amount of water and sodium lost into the urine. Sodium transport is regulated by angiotensin II, aldosterone, and ADH (antidiuretic hormone) which increases sodium transport thereby leading to sodium retention. What is one recommendation to maximize absorption of foods containing carotenoids? - correct answer Cooking frees carotenoids for better absorption List one significant food source of chloride. - correct answer Seaweed, celery, tomatoes, olives, table salt, processed foods List one significant food source of Vitamin D. - correct answer Salmon, tuna, egg yolks, milk, OJ, fortified foods Vitamin E - correct answer Fat-Soluble antioxidant Calcium - correct answer Absorption enhanced by lactose Selenium - correct answer A mineral antioxidant Magnesium - correct answer Important for muscle relaxation Potassium - correct answer High intake thought to decrease blood pressure Vitamin C - correct answer Deficiency can cause broken capillaries in the skin, bleeding gums Phosphorus - correct answer High intake could decrease calcium absorption Vitamin E - correct answer Protects cell membranes from oxidative damage Sodium - correct answer One food source is table salt Vitamin D - correct answer Helps to regulate calcium absorption in the GI tract IBW - correct answer Lbs / 2.2= ____ kg Males: 106 for every 5 feet + inches (6)= IBW Females: 100 for every 5 feet + inches (5)= IBW +10% IBW * 1.1 = ______ -10% IBW *0.9= ______ Upper IBW: Actual/Upper IBW Modifiable Risk Factor related to Bone Health - correct answer Diet, weight, physical activity (weight bearing, strength training) , smoking, medications, sun exposure, menstruation Non-Modifiable Risk factor related to Bone Health - correct answer Age, gender, ethnicity, frame size Nutrients related to bone health - correct answer Calcium, Phosphorus, Vitamin D, Magnesium, Fluoride What in someone's diet might impact the bioavailability of calcium? - correct answer A high fiber diet can limit calcium because fiber can bulk up and limit nutrient absorption. Weight bearing and strength training can help - correct answer Build muscle, maintain bone health, prevent osteoporosis, Why can you not have your blood tested for calcium levels? - correct answer Calcium levels are regulated in the bloodstream and remain constant no matter the density of your bones. Diet will need to be assessed in order to test if enough calcium is being take