NURS 2115 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST VERSION (2025-2026)
ALREADY PASSED
Culture - Answers Social construct learned through socialization, shared, implicit, fluid, and intersects
with other social constructs
National/Societal culture - Answers Culture shared by a nation or society
Organizational culture - Answers Culture within a specific organization
Social identity group culture - Answers Culture specific to social identity groups
Functional culture - Answers Culture based on specific functions or roles
Team culture - Answers Culture within a team or group
Individual culture - Answers Unique culture of an individual
Ethnicity - Answers Belonging to a group with common ancestry, habits, and attributes
Multiculturalism Act (1988) - Answers Canadian law protecting multiculturalism, preserving culture,
reducing discrimination, enhancing awareness
Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice - Answers Guidelines for health promotion, prevention,
maintenance, professional relationships, capacity building, equity, and evidence-based practice
Barriers to multiculturalism - Answers Prejudice, ethnocentrism, stereotyping, racism, discrimination
Internalized Racism - Answers Adopting white supremacist ideologies in interactions
Interpersonal racism - Answers Racism expressed between individuals
Systemic racism - Answers Racism in institutional policies and practices
Facilitators of multiculturalism - Answers Government programs, community initiatives, board training,
professional responsibilities
Cycle of Oppression - Answers Biases lead to stereotypes, prejudice, discrimination, and oppression
Cultural Sensitivity - Answers Respecting cultural differences without assigning value, focusing on 'other'
culture
Cultural Safety - Answers Recipient-defined care, addressing power imbalances
Cultural Competence - Answers Recognizing diverse worldviews, behaviors, beliefs, and customs of
others
Cultural humility - Answers Self-reflection to understand biases and maintain respectful relationships
based on mutual trust
, Cultural appropriation - Answers Inappropriate adoption of customs or practices of another culture
Cultural attunement - Answers Listening and understanding meanings in relation to other cultures
Five Principles - Answers Acknowledge pain of oppression, act with humility, reverence, mutuality, and
maintain a position of not knowing
Healthy Public Policy - Answers Involves legislation, fiscal measures, and organizational change to
promote health
Geneva Charter - Answers Emphasizes valuing and nurturing the planet, equitable economy, and
universal health coverage
Policy Cycle - Answers Consists of stages: Agenda setting, Formulation, Adoption, Implementation,
Evaluation
4 P's (Policy Cycle) - Answers Power, Perception, Potency, Proximity for policy influence
Social Marketing - Answers Using marketing principles for social causes, behavior change
Transtheoretical Model - Answers Behavior change model with stages: Pre-contemplation,
Contemplation, Planning, Action, Maintenance
Trade-off Cost - Answers Sacrificing quality or quantity for gains in other aspects
Opportunity Cost - Answers The next best alternative foregone in decision-making
Sunk Cost - Answers Cost that cannot be recovered, irrelevant in decision-making
Fixed Cost - Answers Upfront cost incurred regardless of decision outcome
Marginal Benefits - Answers Additional benefit gained per action taken
Marginal Cost - Answers Additional resources spent for each action
Incentives - Answers Tools to alter behaviors, can lead to ethical issues
Social Entrepreneurship - Answers Using entrepreneurial principles for social change
Problem Stream - Answers Focus on problem definition and attention
Policy Stream - Answers Offers solutions to identified problems
Political Stream - Answers Contextualizes solutions into policy within society
Public Window - Answers Favorable opportunity for policy implementation
Capacity Building - Answers Strengthening skills and resources for health promotion initiatives
ALREADY PASSED
Culture - Answers Social construct learned through socialization, shared, implicit, fluid, and intersects
with other social constructs
National/Societal culture - Answers Culture shared by a nation or society
Organizational culture - Answers Culture within a specific organization
Social identity group culture - Answers Culture specific to social identity groups
Functional culture - Answers Culture based on specific functions or roles
Team culture - Answers Culture within a team or group
Individual culture - Answers Unique culture of an individual
Ethnicity - Answers Belonging to a group with common ancestry, habits, and attributes
Multiculturalism Act (1988) - Answers Canadian law protecting multiculturalism, preserving culture,
reducing discrimination, enhancing awareness
Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice - Answers Guidelines for health promotion, prevention,
maintenance, professional relationships, capacity building, equity, and evidence-based practice
Barriers to multiculturalism - Answers Prejudice, ethnocentrism, stereotyping, racism, discrimination
Internalized Racism - Answers Adopting white supremacist ideologies in interactions
Interpersonal racism - Answers Racism expressed between individuals
Systemic racism - Answers Racism in institutional policies and practices
Facilitators of multiculturalism - Answers Government programs, community initiatives, board training,
professional responsibilities
Cycle of Oppression - Answers Biases lead to stereotypes, prejudice, discrimination, and oppression
Cultural Sensitivity - Answers Respecting cultural differences without assigning value, focusing on 'other'
culture
Cultural Safety - Answers Recipient-defined care, addressing power imbalances
Cultural Competence - Answers Recognizing diverse worldviews, behaviors, beliefs, and customs of
others
Cultural humility - Answers Self-reflection to understand biases and maintain respectful relationships
based on mutual trust
, Cultural appropriation - Answers Inappropriate adoption of customs or practices of another culture
Cultural attunement - Answers Listening and understanding meanings in relation to other cultures
Five Principles - Answers Acknowledge pain of oppression, act with humility, reverence, mutuality, and
maintain a position of not knowing
Healthy Public Policy - Answers Involves legislation, fiscal measures, and organizational change to
promote health
Geneva Charter - Answers Emphasizes valuing and nurturing the planet, equitable economy, and
universal health coverage
Policy Cycle - Answers Consists of stages: Agenda setting, Formulation, Adoption, Implementation,
Evaluation
4 P's (Policy Cycle) - Answers Power, Perception, Potency, Proximity for policy influence
Social Marketing - Answers Using marketing principles for social causes, behavior change
Transtheoretical Model - Answers Behavior change model with stages: Pre-contemplation,
Contemplation, Planning, Action, Maintenance
Trade-off Cost - Answers Sacrificing quality or quantity for gains in other aspects
Opportunity Cost - Answers The next best alternative foregone in decision-making
Sunk Cost - Answers Cost that cannot be recovered, irrelevant in decision-making
Fixed Cost - Answers Upfront cost incurred regardless of decision outcome
Marginal Benefits - Answers Additional benefit gained per action taken
Marginal Cost - Answers Additional resources spent for each action
Incentives - Answers Tools to alter behaviors, can lead to ethical issues
Social Entrepreneurship - Answers Using entrepreneurial principles for social change
Problem Stream - Answers Focus on problem definition and attention
Policy Stream - Answers Offers solutions to identified problems
Political Stream - Answers Contextualizes solutions into policy within society
Public Window - Answers Favorable opportunity for policy implementation
Capacity Building - Answers Strengthening skills and resources for health promotion initiatives
