Graded A+
1. data-based mod- An approach based on information retrieved through ex-
el perimentation or direct observation
2. reversal design A single subject, applied behavior analysis design which
(ABAB design) generally involves observing behavior during baseline,
treatment, a return to baseline, and treatment reapplied.
3. Psychodynamic By Freud; unconscious material is root of problems, focus-
treatment model es on analysis of thought; free association and Rorschach
test
4. Biomedical treat- biological factors are the underlying cause of disorders
ment model
5. successive ap- Behaviors which gradually resemble the target behavior
proximations or terminal objective
6. schedule of rein- The behavioral requirements for a reinforcing stimulus to
forcement be delivered. Schedules may be fixed or variable based
on interval or ratio criteria
7. Fading The gradual removal of all explicit prompts or cues in an
attempt to maintain the behavior on its own
8. Holistic theory Evaluation of emotional, physical, spiritual, psychological,
and social dimensions because all make up the whole
person
9. Behavioral treat- By Skinner. All behaviors are learned, so all behaviors can
ment model be unlearned or replaced by new behaviors. Task analysis
and reinforcement schedule
10. reinforcement fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, variable interval
schedule
11. classical condi- Pavlovian technique pairing neutral stimulus with a mean-
tioning ingful stimulus
12. randomized Experimental design that randomly assigns subjects to
group design treatment or control conditions to compare performance
, CBMT Exam
13. occipital lobe Region of the cerebral cortex that processes vision and
perception
14. monoplegia paralysis of one limb
15. paraplegia paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body
16. quadriplegia paralysis of all four limbs
17. hallucination Perception of sensory input, often sounds or tactile sen-
sations, which are not occurring in reality
18. Frequency Records number of times a target behavior occurs
recording
19. Duration Record- Recording technique that measures how long a particular
ing behavior lasts during a given period
20. Individualized Individualized plan for children with disabilities who quali-
Education fy for special education services; functions as blueprint for
Program (IEP) determining best possible educational program for each
child
21. Primary aging Systematic, genetically determined decline in efficiency
of body's organ systems
22. accountability Process by which one is responsible and answerable for
obligation to a set of constituenies
23. parallel play Characterizes a stage of development in which very
young children will play beside each other but not engage
in social interaction
24. discrimination Ability to tell difference between stimuli
25. DAP Sandardized form of note taking. Data, assessment, plan
26. SOAP Standardized form of note taking. Subjective, objective,
assessment, plan
, CBMT Exam
27. MMPI The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. As-
sesses personality traits and psychopathology. Primarily
used for diagnosis
28. Countertransfer- The therapist projection of own feelings, ideas, and de-
ence sires about other people and/or things onto the client
29. Down Syndrome Congenital abnormality of trisomy 21 gene (extra chromo-
some) resulting in developmental disability and physical
abnormalities
30. Hyperactivity Increased and/or excessive muscular activity
31. positive rein- the presentation of a stimulus resulting in an increase in
forcement the behavior it follows
32. Hyperacusis Extreme sensitivity to sounds. Associated with a respon-
siveness to music and an ability to make fine auditory
discriminations
33. validity the degree to which a test measures what it is supposed
to measure
34. presbycusis Age-related gradual hearing loss
35. Insight Therapy An approach to psychotherapy whose objective is aware-
ness of causes or motivation for behavior which, then,
leads to control over the behavior and improve of one's
condition
36. Orff-Schulwerk An approach to music education by Carl Orff which
emphasizes creative experience, natural abilities and
sounds, the pentatonic scale and ostinati patterns.
37. Paired-associate The presentation of one word as a stimulus for the recall
of a second word.
38. Psychiatric mu- A music therapy approach which uses music as a
sicology metaphor for examining relationships.