Bio 202- The Endocrine System: Essential Questions &
Step-by-Step Answers
The pineal gland synthesizes which hormone? Right Ans - Melatonin
Which are the two hormones stored and released by the posterior pituitary
gland Right Ans - -Oxytocin (OT)
-Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which pituitary hormone stimulates ovulation? Right Ans - Luteinizing
hormone (LH)
Which hormones are produced by the liver? Right Ans - -Hepcidin
-Insulin-like growth factor
-Erythropoietin
Once a steroid or thyroid hormone binds to its receptor, the receptor-
hormone complex associates with a target gene and controls which of the
following? Right Ans - Transcription
What are the roles of estrogen and progesterone? Right Ans - -To regulate
the menstrual cycle
-To promote adolescent bone growth
-To contribute to the development of the reproductive system
Which gland is located immediately below the larynx and shaped like a
butterfly? Right Ans - Thyroid gland
What are the target cells of insulin? Right Ans - -Liver
-Adipose
-Skeletal muscle
Which substances are secreted by pancreatic islet cells? Right Ans - -
Somatostatin
-Glucagon
-Insulin
, Where do steroid hormones bind with a cell's receptor? Right Ans - In the
nucleus
The two layers of the adrenal gland that secrete glucocorticoids and
androgens are the zona _______ and the zona _______ Right Ans - reticularis,
fasciculata
Which catecholamines are secreted by the adrenal medulla Right Ans - -
Epinephrine
-Dopamine
-Norepinephrine
Which gland is thought to play a role in establishing 24-hour circadian
rhythms? Right Ans - Pineal gland
The pituitary gland is composed of two structures: the posterior lobe called
the neurohypophysis and the anterior lobe called the _______ Right Ans -
adenohypophysis
What is a function of catecholamines? Right Ans - To increase alertness and
prepare the body for physical activity
PTH is secreted in response to low levels of the mineral _______ Right Ans -
calcium
The name of the thyroid hormone with four iodine atoms is _______ Right
Ans - thyroxine
Cells called spongiocytes are found within the zona _______ of the adrenal
cortex Right Ans - fasciculata
Which are hyperglycemic hormones? Right Ans - -Cortisol
-Glucagon
-Epinephrine
Mineralcorticoids are produced in the zona _______ of the adrenal cortex
Right Ans - glomerulosa
Step-by-Step Answers
The pineal gland synthesizes which hormone? Right Ans - Melatonin
Which are the two hormones stored and released by the posterior pituitary
gland Right Ans - -Oxytocin (OT)
-Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which pituitary hormone stimulates ovulation? Right Ans - Luteinizing
hormone (LH)
Which hormones are produced by the liver? Right Ans - -Hepcidin
-Insulin-like growth factor
-Erythropoietin
Once a steroid or thyroid hormone binds to its receptor, the receptor-
hormone complex associates with a target gene and controls which of the
following? Right Ans - Transcription
What are the roles of estrogen and progesterone? Right Ans - -To regulate
the menstrual cycle
-To promote adolescent bone growth
-To contribute to the development of the reproductive system
Which gland is located immediately below the larynx and shaped like a
butterfly? Right Ans - Thyroid gland
What are the target cells of insulin? Right Ans - -Liver
-Adipose
-Skeletal muscle
Which substances are secreted by pancreatic islet cells? Right Ans - -
Somatostatin
-Glucagon
-Insulin
, Where do steroid hormones bind with a cell's receptor? Right Ans - In the
nucleus
The two layers of the adrenal gland that secrete glucocorticoids and
androgens are the zona _______ and the zona _______ Right Ans - reticularis,
fasciculata
Which catecholamines are secreted by the adrenal medulla Right Ans - -
Epinephrine
-Dopamine
-Norepinephrine
Which gland is thought to play a role in establishing 24-hour circadian
rhythms? Right Ans - Pineal gland
The pituitary gland is composed of two structures: the posterior lobe called
the neurohypophysis and the anterior lobe called the _______ Right Ans -
adenohypophysis
What is a function of catecholamines? Right Ans - To increase alertness and
prepare the body for physical activity
PTH is secreted in response to low levels of the mineral _______ Right Ans -
calcium
The name of the thyroid hormone with four iodine atoms is _______ Right
Ans - thyroxine
Cells called spongiocytes are found within the zona _______ of the adrenal
cortex Right Ans - fasciculata
Which are hyperglycemic hormones? Right Ans - -Cortisol
-Glucagon
-Epinephrine
Mineralcorticoids are produced in the zona _______ of the adrenal cortex
Right Ans - glomerulosa
