Pathophysiology Exam
, Pathophysiology Exam Questions with
100% Correct Answers | Graded A+
dura mater - ✔✔Outer layer of meninges, tough, fibrous, double layered.
dural sinuses - ✔✔Formed by spits in dura mater. Collect venous blood and CSF
for return to general circulation.
mediastinum (what is it) - ✔✔Area of thoracic cavity between lungs. Location of
trachea, esophagus, heart & large vessels
pericardial sac - ✔✔Fibrous sac, holds heart, double-walled, anchors heart to
diaphragm.
endocardium - ✔✔inner layer of heart, forms 4 heart valves
septum in heart - ✔✔separtes L & R sides of heart
SA node - other name - ✔✔pacemaker
sinus rhythm - ✔✔basic rate of impulses generated by SA node (70 beats per
minute)
location of sinoatrial node - ✔✔right atrium
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©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, Where does impulse go to after SA node - ✔✔Spreads through atrial conduction
pathways, resulting in contraction of both atria
AV node - what is it - ✔✔Atrioventricular node. Impulse arrives here after SA
node sent it through atria
AV node - where is it - ✔✔Floor of R atrium near septum. Is the only anatomical
connection between atrial and ventricular portions of conduction system.
AV bundle - other name - ✔✔Bundle of His - other name
ECG - what does it do - ✔✔Records electrical changes sent by conduction
impulses as picked up by electrodes
apoptosis - ✔✔normal programmed cell death in tissues
endogenous - ✔✔originating from within the body
exogenous - ✔✔originating from outside the body
gangrene - ✔✔necrotic tissue infected by bacteria
hypoxia - ✔✔decreased or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues
iatrogenic - ✔✔caused by a treatment, procedure or error
idiopathic - ✔✔no known cause
ischemia - ✔✔decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
lysis - ✔✔destruction of a cell
2|Page
©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, Pathophysiology Exam Questions with
100% Correct Answers | Graded A+
dura mater - ✔✔Outer layer of meninges, tough, fibrous, double layered.
dural sinuses - ✔✔Formed by spits in dura mater. Collect venous blood and CSF
for return to general circulation.
mediastinum (what is it) - ✔✔Area of thoracic cavity between lungs. Location of
trachea, esophagus, heart & large vessels
pericardial sac - ✔✔Fibrous sac, holds heart, double-walled, anchors heart to
diaphragm.
endocardium - ✔✔inner layer of heart, forms 4 heart valves
septum in heart - ✔✔separtes L & R sides of heart
SA node - other name - ✔✔pacemaker
sinus rhythm - ✔✔basic rate of impulses generated by SA node (70 beats per
minute)
location of sinoatrial node - ✔✔right atrium
1|Page
©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, Where does impulse go to after SA node - ✔✔Spreads through atrial conduction
pathways, resulting in contraction of both atria
AV node - what is it - ✔✔Atrioventricular node. Impulse arrives here after SA
node sent it through atria
AV node - where is it - ✔✔Floor of R atrium near septum. Is the only anatomical
connection between atrial and ventricular portions of conduction system.
AV bundle - other name - ✔✔Bundle of His - other name
ECG - what does it do - ✔✔Records electrical changes sent by conduction
impulses as picked up by electrodes
apoptosis - ✔✔normal programmed cell death in tissues
endogenous - ✔✔originating from within the body
exogenous - ✔✔originating from outside the body
gangrene - ✔✔necrotic tissue infected by bacteria
hypoxia - ✔✔decreased or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues
iatrogenic - ✔✔caused by a treatment, procedure or error
idiopathic - ✔✔no known cause
ischemia - ✔✔decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
lysis - ✔✔destruction of a cell
2|Page
©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
