NCLEX NURSING EXAM- Chapter 45:
Genitourinary Dysfunction NCLEX,
Chapter 46: The Child With Cerebral
Dysfunction, Peds Chapter 27: The Child
with Cerebral Dysfunction,
A
(The transmission of ultrasonic waves through the renal parenchyma allows visualization of the renal
parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposure to external beam radiation or radioactive isotopes.
Computed tomography uses external radiation, and sometimes contrast media are used. Intravenous
pyelography uses contrast medium and external radiation for x-ray films. Contrast medium is injected
into the bladder through the urethral opening for voiding cystourethrography. External radiation for x-
ray films is used before, during, and after voiding.) - ANS Which diagnostic test allows visualization of the
renal parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposure to external beam radiation or radioactive isotopes?
a. Renal ultrasound
b. Computed tomography
c. Intravenous pyelography
d. Voiding cystourethrography
D
(Large amounts of protein are lost through the urine as a result of an increased permeability of the
glomerular basement membrane. Hypoalbuminemia is present because of loss of albumin through the
defective glomerulus and the liver's inability to synthesize proteins to balance the loss. ASO titer is
negative in a child with primary nephrotic syndrome. Leukocytosis is not a diagnostic finding in primary
nephrotic syndrome.) - ANS Which diagnostic finding is present when a child has primary nephrotic
syndrome?
,a. Hyperalbuminemia
b. Positive ASO titer
c. Leukocytosis
d. Proteinuria
B
(The short urethra in females provides a ready pathway for invasions of organisms. Increased fluid
intake and frequent bladder emptying offer protective measures against urinary tract infections.
Prostatic secretions have antibacterial properties that inhibit bacteria.) - ANS Which factor predisposes a
child to urinary tract infections?
a. Increased fluid intake
b. Short urethra in young girls
c. Prostatic secretions in males
d. Frequent emptying of the bladder
A
(Cotton underpants are preferable to nylon underpants. No evidence exists that limiting bathing,
increasing fluids, decreasing salt intake, or cleansing the perineum with water decreases urinary tract
infections in young girls.) - ANS What should the nurse recommend to prevent urinary tract infections in
young girls?
a. Wearing cotton underpants
b. Limiting bathing as much as possible
c. Increasing fluids; decreasing salt intake
d. Cleansing the perineum with water after voiding
,D
(Hypospadias is a congenital condition in which the urethral opening is located anywhere along the
ventral surface of the penis. The urethral opening is present, but not at the glans. Hypospadias does not
refer to the size of the penis. When the urethral opening is along the dorsal surface of the penis, it is
known as epispadias.) - ANS The nurse is assisting the pediatric provider with a newborn examination.
The provider notes that the infant has hypospadias. The nurse understands that hypospadias refers to:
a. Absence of a urethral opening.
b. Penis shorter than usual for age.
c. Urethral opening along dorsal surface of penis.
d. Urethral opening along ventral surface of penis.
B
(Phimosis is the narrowing or stenosis of the preputial opening of the foreskin. Chordee is the ventral
curvature of the penis. Epispadias is the meatal opening on the dorsal surface of the penis. Hypospadias
is a congenital condition in which the urethral opening is located anywhere along the ventral surface of
the penis.) - ANS The narrowing of the preputial opening of the foreskin is called:
a. Chordee.
b. Phimosis.
c.Epispadias
d.Hypospadias.
B
, (The objectives of therapy for the child with nephrosis include reduction of the excretion of urinary
protein, reduction of fluid retention, prevention of infection, and minimizing of complications associated
with therapy. Blood pressure is usually not elevated in nephrosis. Increased excretion of urinary protein
and increased ability of tissues to retain fluid are part of the disease process and must be reversed.) -
ANS An objective of care for the child with nephrosis is to:
a. Reduce blood pressure.
b. Reduce excretion of urinary protein.
c. Increase excretion of urinary protein.
d. Increase ability of tissues to retain fluid.
A
(Corticosteroids are the first line of therapy for nephrosis. Response is usually seen within 7 to 21 days.
Antihypertensive agents and long-term diuretic therapy are usually not necessary. A diet that has fluid
and salt restrictions may be indicated.) - ANS Therapeutic management of nephrosis includes:
a. Corticosteroids.
b. Antihypertensive agents.
c. Long-term diuretics.
d. Increased fluids to promote diuresis.
D
(Side effects of corticosteroid therapy include an increased appetite. Fever is not a side effect of therapy.
It may be an indication of infection. Hypertension is not usually associated with initial corticosteroid
therapy. Weight gain, not weight loss, is associated with corticosteroid therapy.) - ANS A common side
effect of corticosteroid therapy is:
Genitourinary Dysfunction NCLEX,
Chapter 46: The Child With Cerebral
Dysfunction, Peds Chapter 27: The Child
with Cerebral Dysfunction,
A
(The transmission of ultrasonic waves through the renal parenchyma allows visualization of the renal
parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposure to external beam radiation or radioactive isotopes.
Computed tomography uses external radiation, and sometimes contrast media are used. Intravenous
pyelography uses contrast medium and external radiation for x-ray films. Contrast medium is injected
into the bladder through the urethral opening for voiding cystourethrography. External radiation for x-
ray films is used before, during, and after voiding.) - ANS Which diagnostic test allows visualization of the
renal parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposure to external beam radiation or radioactive isotopes?
a. Renal ultrasound
b. Computed tomography
c. Intravenous pyelography
d. Voiding cystourethrography
D
(Large amounts of protein are lost through the urine as a result of an increased permeability of the
glomerular basement membrane. Hypoalbuminemia is present because of loss of albumin through the
defective glomerulus and the liver's inability to synthesize proteins to balance the loss. ASO titer is
negative in a child with primary nephrotic syndrome. Leukocytosis is not a diagnostic finding in primary
nephrotic syndrome.) - ANS Which diagnostic finding is present when a child has primary nephrotic
syndrome?
,a. Hyperalbuminemia
b. Positive ASO titer
c. Leukocytosis
d. Proteinuria
B
(The short urethra in females provides a ready pathway for invasions of organisms. Increased fluid
intake and frequent bladder emptying offer protective measures against urinary tract infections.
Prostatic secretions have antibacterial properties that inhibit bacteria.) - ANS Which factor predisposes a
child to urinary tract infections?
a. Increased fluid intake
b. Short urethra in young girls
c. Prostatic secretions in males
d. Frequent emptying of the bladder
A
(Cotton underpants are preferable to nylon underpants. No evidence exists that limiting bathing,
increasing fluids, decreasing salt intake, or cleansing the perineum with water decreases urinary tract
infections in young girls.) - ANS What should the nurse recommend to prevent urinary tract infections in
young girls?
a. Wearing cotton underpants
b. Limiting bathing as much as possible
c. Increasing fluids; decreasing salt intake
d. Cleansing the perineum with water after voiding
,D
(Hypospadias is a congenital condition in which the urethral opening is located anywhere along the
ventral surface of the penis. The urethral opening is present, but not at the glans. Hypospadias does not
refer to the size of the penis. When the urethral opening is along the dorsal surface of the penis, it is
known as epispadias.) - ANS The nurse is assisting the pediatric provider with a newborn examination.
The provider notes that the infant has hypospadias. The nurse understands that hypospadias refers to:
a. Absence of a urethral opening.
b. Penis shorter than usual for age.
c. Urethral opening along dorsal surface of penis.
d. Urethral opening along ventral surface of penis.
B
(Phimosis is the narrowing or stenosis of the preputial opening of the foreskin. Chordee is the ventral
curvature of the penis. Epispadias is the meatal opening on the dorsal surface of the penis. Hypospadias
is a congenital condition in which the urethral opening is located anywhere along the ventral surface of
the penis.) - ANS The narrowing of the preputial opening of the foreskin is called:
a. Chordee.
b. Phimosis.
c.Epispadias
d.Hypospadias.
B
, (The objectives of therapy for the child with nephrosis include reduction of the excretion of urinary
protein, reduction of fluid retention, prevention of infection, and minimizing of complications associated
with therapy. Blood pressure is usually not elevated in nephrosis. Increased excretion of urinary protein
and increased ability of tissues to retain fluid are part of the disease process and must be reversed.) -
ANS An objective of care for the child with nephrosis is to:
a. Reduce blood pressure.
b. Reduce excretion of urinary protein.
c. Increase excretion of urinary protein.
d. Increase ability of tissues to retain fluid.
A
(Corticosteroids are the first line of therapy for nephrosis. Response is usually seen within 7 to 21 days.
Antihypertensive agents and long-term diuretic therapy are usually not necessary. A diet that has fluid
and salt restrictions may be indicated.) - ANS Therapeutic management of nephrosis includes:
a. Corticosteroids.
b. Antihypertensive agents.
c. Long-term diuretics.
d. Increased fluids to promote diuresis.
D
(Side effects of corticosteroid therapy include an increased appetite. Fever is not a side effect of therapy.
It may be an indication of infection. Hypertension is not usually associated with initial corticosteroid
therapy. Weight gain, not weight loss, is associated with corticosteroid therapy.) - ANS A common side
effect of corticosteroid therapy is:
