,CHAPTER 1
Foundations for Clinical Proficiency
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. After completing an initial assessment of a patient, the nurse has charted that his
respirations are eupneic and his pulse is 58 beats per minute. These types of data
would be:
a. Objective.
b. Reflective.
c. Subjective.
d. Introspective.
ANSWER: A
Objective data are what the health professional observes by inspecting, percussing, palpating,
and auscultating during the physical examination. Subjective data is what the person says about
him or herself during history taking. The terms reflective and introspective are not used to
describe data.
2. A patient tells the nurse that he is very nervous, is nauseated, and feels hot. These
types of data would be:
a Objective.
.
b Reflective.
.
c Subjective.
.
d Introspective.
.
ANSWER: C
Subjective data are what the person says about him or herself during history taking. Objective data
are what the health professional observes by inspecting, percussing, palpating, and auscultating
,during Nthe Nphysical Nexamination. NThe Nterms Nreflective Nand Nintrospective Nare Nnot Nused Nto
Ndescribe Ndata.
3. The Npatients Nrecord, Nlaboratory Nstudies, Nobjective Ndata, Nand Nsubjective Ndata
Ncombine Nto Nform Nthe:
a Data Nbase.
.
b Admitting Ndata.
.
c Financial Nstatement.
.
d Discharge Nsummary.
.
ANSWER: NA
Together Nwith Nthe Npatients Nrecord Nand Nlaboratory Nstudies, Nthe Nobjective Nand Nsubjective
Ndata Nform Nthe Ndata Nbase. NThe Nother Nitems Nare Nnot Npart Nof Nthe Npatients Nrecord, Nlaboratory
Nstudies, Nor Ndata.
4. When Nlistening Nto Na Npatients Nbreath Nsounds, Nthe Nnurse Nis Nunsure Nof Na Nsound
Nthat Nis Nheard. NThe Nnurses Nnext Naction Nshould Nbe Nto:
a Immediately Nnotify Nthe Npatients Nphysician.
.
b Document Nthe Nsound Nexactly Nas Nit Nwas Nheard.
.
c Validate Nthe Ndata Nby Nasking Na Ncoworker Nto Nlisten Nto Nthe Nbreath Nsounds.
.
d Assess Nagain Nin N20 Nminutes Nto Nnote Nwhether Nthe Nsound Nis Nstill Npresent.
.
ANSWER: NC
When Nunsure Nof Na Nsound Nheard Nwhile Nlistening Nto Na Npatients Nbreath Nsounds, Nthe Nnurse
Nvalidates Nthe Ndata Nto Nensure Naccuracy. NIf Nthe Nnurse Nhas Nless Nexperience Nin Nan Narea, Nthen Nhe
Nor Nshe Nasks Nan Nexpert Nto Nlisten.
5. The Nnurse Nis Nconducting Na Nclass Nfor Nnew Ngraduate Nnurses. NDuring Nthe
Nteaching Nsession, Nthe Nnurse Nshould Nkeep Nin Nmind Nthat Nnovice Nnurses, Nwithout
Na Nbackground Nof Nskills Nand Nexperience Nfrom Nwhich Nto Ndraw, Nare Nmore Nlikely
Nto Nmake Ntheir Ndecisions Nusing:
a Intuition.
.
, b A Nset Nof Nrules.
.
c Articles Nin Njournals.
.
d Advice Nfrom Nsupervisors.
.
ANSWER: NB
Novice Nnurses Noperate Nfrom Na Nset Nof Ndefined, Nstructured Nrules. NThe Nexpert Npractitioner Nuses
Nintuitive Nlinks.
6. Expert Nnurses Nlearn Nto Nattend Nto Na Npattern Nof Nassessment Ndata Nand Nact
Nwithout Nconsciously Nlabeling Nit. NThese Nresponses Nare Nreferred Nto Nas:
a Intuition.
.
b The Nnursing Nprocess.
.
c Clinical Nknowledge.
.
d Diagnostic Nreasoning.
.
ANSWER: NA
Intuition Nis Ncharacterized Nby Npattern Nrecognition Nexpert Nnurses Nlearn Nto Nattend Nto Na Npattern Nof
Nassessment Ndata Nand Nact Nwithout Nconsciously Nlabeling Nit. NThe Nother Noptions Nare Nnot Ncorrect.
7. The Nnurse Nis Nreviewing Ninformation Nabout Nevidence-based Npractice N(EBP).
NWhich Nstatement Nbest Nreflects NEBP?
a EBP Nrelies Non Ntradition Nfor Nsupport Nof Nbest Npractices.
.
b EBP Nis Nsimply Nthe Nuse Nof Nbest Npractice Ntechniques Nfor Nthe Ntreatment Nof Npatients.
.
c EBP Nemphasizes Nthe Nuse Nof Nbest Nevidence Nwith Nthe Nclinicians Nexperience.
.
d The Npatients Nown Npreferences Nare Nnot Nimportant Nwith NEBP.
.
ANSWER: NC
EBP Nis Na Nsystematic Napproach Nto Npractice Nthat Nemphasizes Nthe Nuse Nof Nbest Nevidence Nin
Ncombination Nwith Nthe Nclinicians Nexperience, Nas Nwell Nas Npatient Npreferences Nand Nvalues,
Nwhen
Foundations for Clinical Proficiency
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. After completing an initial assessment of a patient, the nurse has charted that his
respirations are eupneic and his pulse is 58 beats per minute. These types of data
would be:
a. Objective.
b. Reflective.
c. Subjective.
d. Introspective.
ANSWER: A
Objective data are what the health professional observes by inspecting, percussing, palpating,
and auscultating during the physical examination. Subjective data is what the person says about
him or herself during history taking. The terms reflective and introspective are not used to
describe data.
2. A patient tells the nurse that he is very nervous, is nauseated, and feels hot. These
types of data would be:
a Objective.
.
b Reflective.
.
c Subjective.
.
d Introspective.
.
ANSWER: C
Subjective data are what the person says about him or herself during history taking. Objective data
are what the health professional observes by inspecting, percussing, palpating, and auscultating
,during Nthe Nphysical Nexamination. NThe Nterms Nreflective Nand Nintrospective Nare Nnot Nused Nto
Ndescribe Ndata.
3. The Npatients Nrecord, Nlaboratory Nstudies, Nobjective Ndata, Nand Nsubjective Ndata
Ncombine Nto Nform Nthe:
a Data Nbase.
.
b Admitting Ndata.
.
c Financial Nstatement.
.
d Discharge Nsummary.
.
ANSWER: NA
Together Nwith Nthe Npatients Nrecord Nand Nlaboratory Nstudies, Nthe Nobjective Nand Nsubjective
Ndata Nform Nthe Ndata Nbase. NThe Nother Nitems Nare Nnot Npart Nof Nthe Npatients Nrecord, Nlaboratory
Nstudies, Nor Ndata.
4. When Nlistening Nto Na Npatients Nbreath Nsounds, Nthe Nnurse Nis Nunsure Nof Na Nsound
Nthat Nis Nheard. NThe Nnurses Nnext Naction Nshould Nbe Nto:
a Immediately Nnotify Nthe Npatients Nphysician.
.
b Document Nthe Nsound Nexactly Nas Nit Nwas Nheard.
.
c Validate Nthe Ndata Nby Nasking Na Ncoworker Nto Nlisten Nto Nthe Nbreath Nsounds.
.
d Assess Nagain Nin N20 Nminutes Nto Nnote Nwhether Nthe Nsound Nis Nstill Npresent.
.
ANSWER: NC
When Nunsure Nof Na Nsound Nheard Nwhile Nlistening Nto Na Npatients Nbreath Nsounds, Nthe Nnurse
Nvalidates Nthe Ndata Nto Nensure Naccuracy. NIf Nthe Nnurse Nhas Nless Nexperience Nin Nan Narea, Nthen Nhe
Nor Nshe Nasks Nan Nexpert Nto Nlisten.
5. The Nnurse Nis Nconducting Na Nclass Nfor Nnew Ngraduate Nnurses. NDuring Nthe
Nteaching Nsession, Nthe Nnurse Nshould Nkeep Nin Nmind Nthat Nnovice Nnurses, Nwithout
Na Nbackground Nof Nskills Nand Nexperience Nfrom Nwhich Nto Ndraw, Nare Nmore Nlikely
Nto Nmake Ntheir Ndecisions Nusing:
a Intuition.
.
, b A Nset Nof Nrules.
.
c Articles Nin Njournals.
.
d Advice Nfrom Nsupervisors.
.
ANSWER: NB
Novice Nnurses Noperate Nfrom Na Nset Nof Ndefined, Nstructured Nrules. NThe Nexpert Npractitioner Nuses
Nintuitive Nlinks.
6. Expert Nnurses Nlearn Nto Nattend Nto Na Npattern Nof Nassessment Ndata Nand Nact
Nwithout Nconsciously Nlabeling Nit. NThese Nresponses Nare Nreferred Nto Nas:
a Intuition.
.
b The Nnursing Nprocess.
.
c Clinical Nknowledge.
.
d Diagnostic Nreasoning.
.
ANSWER: NA
Intuition Nis Ncharacterized Nby Npattern Nrecognition Nexpert Nnurses Nlearn Nto Nattend Nto Na Npattern Nof
Nassessment Ndata Nand Nact Nwithout Nconsciously Nlabeling Nit. NThe Nother Noptions Nare Nnot Ncorrect.
7. The Nnurse Nis Nreviewing Ninformation Nabout Nevidence-based Npractice N(EBP).
NWhich Nstatement Nbest Nreflects NEBP?
a EBP Nrelies Non Ntradition Nfor Nsupport Nof Nbest Npractices.
.
b EBP Nis Nsimply Nthe Nuse Nof Nbest Npractice Ntechniques Nfor Nthe Ntreatment Nof Npatients.
.
c EBP Nemphasizes Nthe Nuse Nof Nbest Nevidence Nwith Nthe Nclinicians Nexperience.
.
d The Npatients Nown Npreferences Nare Nnot Nimportant Nwith NEBP.
.
ANSWER: NC
EBP Nis Na Nsystematic Napproach Nto Npractice Nthat Nemphasizes Nthe Nuse Nof Nbest Nevidence Nin
Ncombination Nwith Nthe Nclinicians Nexperience, Nas Nwell Nas Npatient Npreferences Nand Nvalues,
Nwhen
