Pharmacology: Inhalation Anesthetics
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Which agent has the least effect on arterial blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWER - Sevo
Blood solubility determines what? - CORRECT ANSWER - Speed of uptake/Induction
Potency is related to? - CORRECT ANSWER - Oil Gas Participation Coefficient
Lipid solubility is high--MAC is? - CORRECT ANSWER - Low
Which inhaled anesthetic increases PVR? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nitrous oxide
MAC of 0.8 , OG: 600, BGPC: 0.3 is it weaker potent and fast or slow? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Potent and faster
Maximum subQ dose of epi with volatile higher, lower or the same as an adult? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Higher. They have decreased sensitivity
What is the most important factor influencing the amount of agent taken up by tissue? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Blood flow to the tissue (vessel rich group)
List three factors that decrease MAC? - CORRECT ANSWER - Age, Cold, and hyponatremia
List two factors that increase MAC? - CORRECT ANSWER - Hyperthermia, MC1R,
Cocaine, Chronic ETOH
,Which agent has bromide? - CORRECT ANSWER - Halothane
Two effects of halogenating agents? - CORRECT ANSWER - Decreased flammability,
decreases potency, decreased toxicity, decreased metabolism
Two contraindication to N20 use? - CORRECT ANSWER - Not in traumas, pregnancy, bowel
obstruction, venous air metabolism, inner ear surgery, and eye surgery
Which volatile agent increases cerebral blood flow? - CORRECT ANSWER - Halothane so
we avoid in ICP
Ho much does pre-treatment of patient's with clonidine decrease MAC? - CORRECT
ANSWER - 50%
What is the second gas effect? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nitrous oxide use with a volatile
agent to accelerate the uptake of the second gas
What is measured by BGPC? - CORRECT ANSWER - Solubility of gas in blood
Identify two ways to speed up process of alveolar and capillaries during induction? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Increase concentration of gas, increase alveolar ventilation, second gas effect
Definition of MAC - CORRECT ANSWER - A concentration in which 50% of the population
will not move to noxious stimuli. Minimum Alveolar Concentration
Three inhalation agents:1%,2%,3% MAC levels. Which is the strongest - CORRECT
ANSWER - 1%
VOlatiles decrease greatest myocardial depression? - CORRECT ANSWER - Halothane and
enlfurane
, Does ETCO2 increase or decrease or remain unchanged when nitrous oxide is trned off? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Decreased because diffusion hypoxia
What law describes the above? - CORRECT ANSWER - Diffusion Hypoxia-- Fick's Law of
Diffusion
What is Dalton's Law - CORRECT ANSWER - The total pressure is equal to the sum of in the
independent gasses
Renal changes with volatiles - CORRECT ANSWER - Decreased GFR, Decreased UO
Inhaled agent concerned with spontaneous abortions? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nitrous oxide
How are time constants calculated? - CORRECT ANSWER - Capacity/Flow
Capacity of tissue/flow to the tissue
63%???
Increased minute volume will - CORRECT ANSWER -
A low cardiac output will do what to induction speed? - CORRECT ANSWER - Increase
What is the referred volatile for a patient with asthma? - CORRECT ANSWER - Sevo
Which volatile agent will have spike activity at greater than 2% MAC? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Enflurane
Will hypo or hypercapnia exacerbate spike potentials? - CORRECT ANSWER - hypocapnia
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Which agent has the least effect on arterial blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWER - Sevo
Blood solubility determines what? - CORRECT ANSWER - Speed of uptake/Induction
Potency is related to? - CORRECT ANSWER - Oil Gas Participation Coefficient
Lipid solubility is high--MAC is? - CORRECT ANSWER - Low
Which inhaled anesthetic increases PVR? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nitrous oxide
MAC of 0.8 , OG: 600, BGPC: 0.3 is it weaker potent and fast or slow? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Potent and faster
Maximum subQ dose of epi with volatile higher, lower or the same as an adult? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Higher. They have decreased sensitivity
What is the most important factor influencing the amount of agent taken up by tissue? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Blood flow to the tissue (vessel rich group)
List three factors that decrease MAC? - CORRECT ANSWER - Age, Cold, and hyponatremia
List two factors that increase MAC? - CORRECT ANSWER - Hyperthermia, MC1R,
Cocaine, Chronic ETOH
,Which agent has bromide? - CORRECT ANSWER - Halothane
Two effects of halogenating agents? - CORRECT ANSWER - Decreased flammability,
decreases potency, decreased toxicity, decreased metabolism
Two contraindication to N20 use? - CORRECT ANSWER - Not in traumas, pregnancy, bowel
obstruction, venous air metabolism, inner ear surgery, and eye surgery
Which volatile agent increases cerebral blood flow? - CORRECT ANSWER - Halothane so
we avoid in ICP
Ho much does pre-treatment of patient's with clonidine decrease MAC? - CORRECT
ANSWER - 50%
What is the second gas effect? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nitrous oxide use with a volatile
agent to accelerate the uptake of the second gas
What is measured by BGPC? - CORRECT ANSWER - Solubility of gas in blood
Identify two ways to speed up process of alveolar and capillaries during induction? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Increase concentration of gas, increase alveolar ventilation, second gas effect
Definition of MAC - CORRECT ANSWER - A concentration in which 50% of the population
will not move to noxious stimuli. Minimum Alveolar Concentration
Three inhalation agents:1%,2%,3% MAC levels. Which is the strongest - CORRECT
ANSWER - 1%
VOlatiles decrease greatest myocardial depression? - CORRECT ANSWER - Halothane and
enlfurane
, Does ETCO2 increase or decrease or remain unchanged when nitrous oxide is trned off? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Decreased because diffusion hypoxia
What law describes the above? - CORRECT ANSWER - Diffusion Hypoxia-- Fick's Law of
Diffusion
What is Dalton's Law - CORRECT ANSWER - The total pressure is equal to the sum of in the
independent gasses
Renal changes with volatiles - CORRECT ANSWER - Decreased GFR, Decreased UO
Inhaled agent concerned with spontaneous abortions? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nitrous oxide
How are time constants calculated? - CORRECT ANSWER - Capacity/Flow
Capacity of tissue/flow to the tissue
63%???
Increased minute volume will - CORRECT ANSWER -
A low cardiac output will do what to induction speed? - CORRECT ANSWER - Increase
What is the referred volatile for a patient with asthma? - CORRECT ANSWER - Sevo
Which volatile agent will have spike activity at greater than 2% MAC? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Enflurane
Will hypo or hypercapnia exacerbate spike potentials? - CORRECT ANSWER - hypocapnia
