a-level psychology OCR research
methods (paper 1)
what are the three types of interviews? correct answers structured, semi-
structured,
unstructur
ed
Strengths of structured interviews correct answers Structured interviews
are easy to
replicate as a fixed set of closed questions are used, which are easy to
quantify this
means it is easy to test for reliability. Structured interviews are fairly
quick to conduct
Weaknesses of structured interviews correct answers Structure
which means that many interviews can take place within a short
interviews
flexible. are
This
amount of time. not new questions cannot be asked impromptu. The
means
answers from
structured interviews lack detail as only closed questions are asked which
generates
quantitative
data.
Strengths of unstructured interviews correct answers unstructured
interviews
flexible are more can be adapted and changed depending on the
as questions
respondents'
answers. unstructured interviews generate qualitative data through the
use of openThey also have increased validity because it gives the
questions.
interviewer the
opportunity to probe for a deeper
understanding.
Weaknesses of unstructured interviews correct answers It can be time-
consuming
conduct an to
unstructured interview and analyze the qualitative data,
Employing
training and
interviewers is expensive, and not as cheap as
collecting data via
questionnaire
s.
Strengths of closed questions correct answers These questions produce
quantitative
data that is easy to summarise and analyse. they can be economical. This
can
meansprovide
they large amounts of research data for relatively low costs.
Therefore,
sample sizea can
largebe obtained which should be representative of the
population, can
researcher whichthen
a generalize
from.
Weaknesses of closed questions correct answers They lack detail.
Because the
responses are fixed there is less scope for respondents to supply answers
whichtrue
their reflect
feelings on a
topic.
strengths of open questions correct answers Rich qualitative data is
obtained as
questions open
allow the respondent to elaborate on their answer. This means
the research
can find out why a person holds a certain
attitude.
, Weaknesses of open questions correct answers Time-consuming to collect
the data.
takes It for the respondent to complete open questions. This is a
longer
problemsample
smaller as a size may be obtained. Time-consuming to analyse the
data. Itfor
longer takes
the researcher to analyse qualitative data as they have to read
the answers
and try to put them into
categories
What is a likert scale? correct answers the Likert scale is a five (or seven)
point scale
which is used to allow the individual to express how much they agree or
disagree with a
particular
statement.
strengths of likert scale correct answers they do not expect a simple yes /
no answer
from the respondent, but rather allow for degrees of opinion, and even no
opinion at quantitative
Therefore all. data is obtained, which means that the data can be
analysed with
relative
ease.
weakness of likert scale correct answers the validity of the Likert
scale attitude can be compromised due to social
measurement
desirability.
This means that individuals may lie to put themselves in a
positive light.
What is a leading question? correct answers a question that suggests what
answer is
desired or leads to the desired
answer
what is experimenter effect? correct answers tendency of the
experimenter's
expectations for a study to unintentionally influence the results
of the study
What is a one-tailed hypothesis? correct answers hypothesis which states
direction of
effec
t
What is a two-tailed hypothesis? correct answers a hypothesis that
dose not state
direction of change but states that there would be
change
What is a null hypothesis? correct answers null means zero. so a null
hypothesis
that states are not
two variables
related.
What is an alternative hypothesis? correct answers it states that two
variables are
indeed
related.
how do you operationalise a hypothesis correct answers The term
operationalisation
can be applied to independent variables (IV), dependent variables (DV) or
co variables
(in a correlational design). by stating how to measure the
iv and dv
What is the independent variable? correct answers The independent
is theis
variable that
changed
What is a dependent variable? correct answers variable that is
measured
methods (paper 1)
what are the three types of interviews? correct answers structured, semi-
structured,
unstructur
ed
Strengths of structured interviews correct answers Structured interviews
are easy to
replicate as a fixed set of closed questions are used, which are easy to
quantify this
means it is easy to test for reliability. Structured interviews are fairly
quick to conduct
Weaknesses of structured interviews correct answers Structure
which means that many interviews can take place within a short
interviews
flexible. are
This
amount of time. not new questions cannot be asked impromptu. The
means
answers from
structured interviews lack detail as only closed questions are asked which
generates
quantitative
data.
Strengths of unstructured interviews correct answers unstructured
interviews
flexible are more can be adapted and changed depending on the
as questions
respondents'
answers. unstructured interviews generate qualitative data through the
use of openThey also have increased validity because it gives the
questions.
interviewer the
opportunity to probe for a deeper
understanding.
Weaknesses of unstructured interviews correct answers It can be time-
consuming
conduct an to
unstructured interview and analyze the qualitative data,
Employing
training and
interviewers is expensive, and not as cheap as
collecting data via
questionnaire
s.
Strengths of closed questions correct answers These questions produce
quantitative
data that is easy to summarise and analyse. they can be economical. This
can
meansprovide
they large amounts of research data for relatively low costs.
Therefore,
sample sizea can
largebe obtained which should be representative of the
population, can
researcher whichthen
a generalize
from.
Weaknesses of closed questions correct answers They lack detail.
Because the
responses are fixed there is less scope for respondents to supply answers
whichtrue
their reflect
feelings on a
topic.
strengths of open questions correct answers Rich qualitative data is
obtained as
questions open
allow the respondent to elaborate on their answer. This means
the research
can find out why a person holds a certain
attitude.
, Weaknesses of open questions correct answers Time-consuming to collect
the data.
takes It for the respondent to complete open questions. This is a
longer
problemsample
smaller as a size may be obtained. Time-consuming to analyse the
data. Itfor
longer takes
the researcher to analyse qualitative data as they have to read
the answers
and try to put them into
categories
What is a likert scale? correct answers the Likert scale is a five (or seven)
point scale
which is used to allow the individual to express how much they agree or
disagree with a
particular
statement.
strengths of likert scale correct answers they do not expect a simple yes /
no answer
from the respondent, but rather allow for degrees of opinion, and even no
opinion at quantitative
Therefore all. data is obtained, which means that the data can be
analysed with
relative
ease.
weakness of likert scale correct answers the validity of the Likert
scale attitude can be compromised due to social
measurement
desirability.
This means that individuals may lie to put themselves in a
positive light.
What is a leading question? correct answers a question that suggests what
answer is
desired or leads to the desired
answer
what is experimenter effect? correct answers tendency of the
experimenter's
expectations for a study to unintentionally influence the results
of the study
What is a one-tailed hypothesis? correct answers hypothesis which states
direction of
effec
t
What is a two-tailed hypothesis? correct answers a hypothesis that
dose not state
direction of change but states that there would be
change
What is a null hypothesis? correct answers null means zero. so a null
hypothesis
that states are not
two variables
related.
What is an alternative hypothesis? correct answers it states that two
variables are
indeed
related.
how do you operationalise a hypothesis correct answers The term
operationalisation
can be applied to independent variables (IV), dependent variables (DV) or
co variables
(in a correlational design). by stating how to measure the
iv and dv
What is the independent variable? correct answers The independent
is theis
variable that
changed
What is a dependent variable? correct answers variable that is
measured
