2425 Human and Ecological Risk Assessment – NWI-MB024C-2024-KW2
Human and ecological risk assessment
Lecturer: Ad Ragas, Jan Hendriks. Also involved in the course: Venja Schoenke
Learning goals
- Describe processes (emissions, fate, exposure, effects)
- Apply and interpret models
- Reflect on assessment
Table of contents
L1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 3
L2 Risk assessment .................................................................................................................................. 3
L3 Emission estimation ............................................................................................................................ 5
L4 Multimedia fate modelling ................................................................................................................. 6
Model phases ...................................................................................................................................... 7
Models ................................................................................................................................................. 7
Closed equilibrium........................................................................................................................... 9
Open equilibrium............................................................................................................................. 9
Disappearance rate constants ....................................................................................................... 10
WGA................................................................................................................................................... 12
L5 Toxicokinetics .................................................................................................................................... 14
Example – TCDD................................................................................................................................. 14
Example – Botulin .............................................................................................................................. 14
Qualitative description ...................................................................................................................... 14
Toxico/pharmaco-dynamics........................................................................................................... 15
Toxico/pharmaco-kinetics.............................................................................................................. 15
Kinetic models ............................................................................................................................... 17
Ecological vs animal (human) ........................................................................................................ 18
Octanol water partitioning rates ................................................................................................... 19
Accumulation ................................................................................................................................. 20
Transformation .............................................................................................................................. 20
WGA................................................................................................................................................... 21
L6 Human exposure assessment ........................................................................................................... 24
L7 Human effect assessment ................................................................................................................. 28
Presentations ..................................................................................................................................... 33
L8 Ecological effect assessment ............................................................................................................. 34
1
,2425 Human and Ecological Risk Assessment – NWI-MB024C-2024-KW2
Ecotoxicological research .................................................................................................................. 34
Safety factors ..................................................................................................................................... 38
Species sensitivity distribution .......................................................................................................... 40
L9 Eco(toxico)genomics ......................................................................................................................... 41
L10 Risk management ........................................................................................................................... 44
Main features of EU REACH legislation.............................................................................................. 45
Integration ......................................................................................................................................... 47
Risk assessment of chemicals ............................................................................................................ 48
Risk assessment for non-chemicals ................................................................................................... 49
Risk management and society ........................................................................................................... 49
Risk communication .......................................................................................................................... 51
2
,2425 Human and Ecological Risk Assessment – NWI-MB024C-2024-KW2
L1 Introduction
L2 Risk assessment
Chemical substances:
- Macropollutors: harmful to environment in high concentrations
- 100,000,000+ substances, 1 added per second, 130,000 to assess in the EU
Geo-hydrological sites: 30,000,000 rivers and lakes UN, 1,500,000 to clean in EU and US
Biological species: 10,000,000+ species, 3 lost/hour, 10,000+ endangered
Few data to comprehensive interpretation
- Incomplete data: Financial, practical (animals cannot be used after 2030), and ethical-legal
constrains
- Incompatible data: Disciplinary and sectoral boundaries
3
, 2425 Human and Ecological Risk Assessment – NWI-MB024C-2024-KW2
-
- Simple model (generic/generalized) = few equations & default parameters (well-known
attributes)
Driver-response chain
- Remediation = clean up things
-
- Risk = exposure / safe concentration
4
Human and ecological risk assessment
Lecturer: Ad Ragas, Jan Hendriks. Also involved in the course: Venja Schoenke
Learning goals
- Describe processes (emissions, fate, exposure, effects)
- Apply and interpret models
- Reflect on assessment
Table of contents
L1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 3
L2 Risk assessment .................................................................................................................................. 3
L3 Emission estimation ............................................................................................................................ 5
L4 Multimedia fate modelling ................................................................................................................. 6
Model phases ...................................................................................................................................... 7
Models ................................................................................................................................................. 7
Closed equilibrium........................................................................................................................... 9
Open equilibrium............................................................................................................................. 9
Disappearance rate constants ....................................................................................................... 10
WGA................................................................................................................................................... 12
L5 Toxicokinetics .................................................................................................................................... 14
Example – TCDD................................................................................................................................. 14
Example – Botulin .............................................................................................................................. 14
Qualitative description ...................................................................................................................... 14
Toxico/pharmaco-dynamics........................................................................................................... 15
Toxico/pharmaco-kinetics.............................................................................................................. 15
Kinetic models ............................................................................................................................... 17
Ecological vs animal (human) ........................................................................................................ 18
Octanol water partitioning rates ................................................................................................... 19
Accumulation ................................................................................................................................. 20
Transformation .............................................................................................................................. 20
WGA................................................................................................................................................... 21
L6 Human exposure assessment ........................................................................................................... 24
L7 Human effect assessment ................................................................................................................. 28
Presentations ..................................................................................................................................... 33
L8 Ecological effect assessment ............................................................................................................. 34
1
,2425 Human and Ecological Risk Assessment – NWI-MB024C-2024-KW2
Ecotoxicological research .................................................................................................................. 34
Safety factors ..................................................................................................................................... 38
Species sensitivity distribution .......................................................................................................... 40
L9 Eco(toxico)genomics ......................................................................................................................... 41
L10 Risk management ........................................................................................................................... 44
Main features of EU REACH legislation.............................................................................................. 45
Integration ......................................................................................................................................... 47
Risk assessment of chemicals ............................................................................................................ 48
Risk assessment for non-chemicals ................................................................................................... 49
Risk management and society ........................................................................................................... 49
Risk communication .......................................................................................................................... 51
2
,2425 Human and Ecological Risk Assessment – NWI-MB024C-2024-KW2
L1 Introduction
L2 Risk assessment
Chemical substances:
- Macropollutors: harmful to environment in high concentrations
- 100,000,000+ substances, 1 added per second, 130,000 to assess in the EU
Geo-hydrological sites: 30,000,000 rivers and lakes UN, 1,500,000 to clean in EU and US
Biological species: 10,000,000+ species, 3 lost/hour, 10,000+ endangered
Few data to comprehensive interpretation
- Incomplete data: Financial, practical (animals cannot be used after 2030), and ethical-legal
constrains
- Incompatible data: Disciplinary and sectoral boundaries
3
, 2425 Human and Ecological Risk Assessment – NWI-MB024C-2024-KW2
-
- Simple model (generic/generalized) = few equations & default parameters (well-known
attributes)
Driver-response chain
- Remediation = clean up things
-
- Risk = exposure / safe concentration
4
