1. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed digoxin. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
a) "Take the medication on an empty stomach." b) "Monitor your pulse rate daily and report if it
is less than 60 beats per minute." c) "Increase your salt intake to avoid electrolyte imbalances."
d) "Skip a dose if you experience nausea or vomiting."
Answer: b) "Monitor your pulse rate daily and report if it is less than 60 beats per minute."
Rationale: Digoxin can cause bradycardia. The client should monitor their pulse rate and report
if it drops below 60 beats per minute, as this could be a sign of toxicity.
2. A client is receiving furosemide. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
a) Hyperkalemia b) Hypokalemia c) Hypercalcemia d) Hyponatremia
Answer: b) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to the excretion of potassium, increasing
the risk of hypokalemia.
3. A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who is taking warfarin.
Which of the following herbal supplements can increase the risk of bleeding?
a) Echinacea b) Ginseng c) St. John’s Wort d) Garlic
Answer: d) Garlic
Rationale: Garlic has anticoagulant properties and can increase the risk of bleeding when taken
with warfarin.
4. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed atorvastatin. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include?
a) "You should have regular liver function tests while taking this medication." b) "Increase your
intake of grapefruit while on this medication." c) "You can skip a dose if you miss it by more
than 12 hours." d) "This medication can be stopped abruptly without side effects."
, Answer: a) "You should have regular liver function tests while taking this medication."
Rationale: Statins can cause liver toxicity, so regular monitoring of liver function is important.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for lithium. The
nurse should assess for which of the following signs of lithium toxicity?
a) Hypertension and hyperglycemia b) Tremors and confusion c) Bradycardia and constipation d)
Blurred vision and insomnia
Answer: b) Tremors and confusion
Rationale: Lithium toxicity can manifest as tremors, confusion, and other neurological
symptoms.
6. A nurse is teaching a client about using an albuterol inhaler. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include?
a) "Use this medication once a day for maintenance therapy." b) "Inhale slowly as you press
down on the inhaler." c) "Take the medication only when you experience shortness of breath." d)
"Rinse your mouth with water after each use."
Answer: d) "Rinse your mouth with water after each use."
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after using an inhaler can help prevent fungal infections like
thrush.
7. A client is prescribed a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for the treatment of
GERD. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for?
a) Constipation b) Hypercalcemia c) Vitamin B12 deficiency d) Hyperglycemia
Answer: c) Vitamin B12 deficiency
Rationale: Long-term use of PPIs can interfere with the absorption of vitamin B12, leading to
deficiency.
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
a) "Take the medication on an empty stomach." b) "Monitor your pulse rate daily and report if it
is less than 60 beats per minute." c) "Increase your salt intake to avoid electrolyte imbalances."
d) "Skip a dose if you experience nausea or vomiting."
Answer: b) "Monitor your pulse rate daily and report if it is less than 60 beats per minute."
Rationale: Digoxin can cause bradycardia. The client should monitor their pulse rate and report
if it drops below 60 beats per minute, as this could be a sign of toxicity.
2. A client is receiving furosemide. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
a) Hyperkalemia b) Hypokalemia c) Hypercalcemia d) Hyponatremia
Answer: b) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to the excretion of potassium, increasing
the risk of hypokalemia.
3. A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who is taking warfarin.
Which of the following herbal supplements can increase the risk of bleeding?
a) Echinacea b) Ginseng c) St. John’s Wort d) Garlic
Answer: d) Garlic
Rationale: Garlic has anticoagulant properties and can increase the risk of bleeding when taken
with warfarin.
4. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed atorvastatin. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include?
a) "You should have regular liver function tests while taking this medication." b) "Increase your
intake of grapefruit while on this medication." c) "You can skip a dose if you miss it by more
than 12 hours." d) "This medication can be stopped abruptly without side effects."
, Answer: a) "You should have regular liver function tests while taking this medication."
Rationale: Statins can cause liver toxicity, so regular monitoring of liver function is important.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for lithium. The
nurse should assess for which of the following signs of lithium toxicity?
a) Hypertension and hyperglycemia b) Tremors and confusion c) Bradycardia and constipation d)
Blurred vision and insomnia
Answer: b) Tremors and confusion
Rationale: Lithium toxicity can manifest as tremors, confusion, and other neurological
symptoms.
6. A nurse is teaching a client about using an albuterol inhaler. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include?
a) "Use this medication once a day for maintenance therapy." b) "Inhale slowly as you press
down on the inhaler." c) "Take the medication only when you experience shortness of breath." d)
"Rinse your mouth with water after each use."
Answer: d) "Rinse your mouth with water after each use."
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after using an inhaler can help prevent fungal infections like
thrush.
7. A client is prescribed a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for the treatment of
GERD. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for?
a) Constipation b) Hypercalcemia c) Vitamin B12 deficiency d) Hyperglycemia
Answer: c) Vitamin B12 deficiency
Rationale: Long-term use of PPIs can interfere with the absorption of vitamin B12, leading to
deficiency.
