Nursing Concepts Exam 1 Questions
and Complete Solutions Graded A+
prehistoric period - Answer: 4000 BC
believed in rituals like dancing and human sacrifices. magic, religion, and superstition. if one was ill,
thought they were possessed by an evil spirit or demon. used herbs to "cast out" evil spirits.
middle ages - Answer: 476-1450 AD
Poverty a critical problem
Rise of feudalism, monasticism, and Islam during early middle ages
Herbs, purging, leeching and mercury
Most changes in health care based on Christian concepts of charity and sanctity of human life.
early civilizations - Answer: Egypt
Palestine
Greece
India
China
Rome
Egypt - Answer: First to suture and repair wounds
Community planning
Laws made focusing on cleanliness, food use preservation, drinking, etc to protect people
Health behaviors carried out to appease the gods
Developed a calendar and writings
Pharmacopoeia containing over 700 drugs
Midwives and nurses used
Palestine - Answer: 1400 to 1200 BC
,Hebrews migrated from Arabian Desert to Palestine
Agricultural society
Prohibited eating animals after 3 days
Hebrew priests took the role as health inspectors
Greece - Answer: 1500 to 100 BC
Greeks sought out to understand man and its relationships with the gods, nature, etc
Gods controlled health and illness such as Aesculapius, the god of medicine
Staff w/serpents represents today's medical "caduceus"
Hippocrates, father of medicine
Developed patient centered approach
India - Answer: 3000 to 1500 BC
Hinduism
Brahmanism (Hindu sacred book)
Vedas, guided health practices
Practice of surgery well developed
Prenatal care
Public hospital created including male nurses
China - Answer: Confucius, (551 to 479 BC) powerful scholar
His ideals became the basis for their education and government
Woman were inferior to men
Yin and yang philosophy (yin-feminine or passive) and (yang-masculine, positive or active)
If yin or yang out of balance, illness would occur
Methods of medicine like acupuncture, hydrotherapy, massage therapy, and exercise
Baths, bloodletting for fevers "released" evil spirits
Rome - Answer: Roman Empire (27 BC to 476 AD)
, Adapted medical practices from captured doctors
First military hospital established to care for soldiers
Dark Ages, the Crusades (1096 to 1291)
Cross emblem (red cross)
Dedicated and well organized when caring for patients
Practiced advanced hygiene and sanitation and emphasized bathing
Middle Ages - Answer: (476 BC to 1450 AD)
Roman Catholic Church became central figure in organization and management of health care
Began using herbs and new methods of healing
Purging, leeching, and mercury
Widows and unmarried women became deaconesses
Wives of emperors or noble men were nurses
"Butchers" performed gruesome surgeries
Monks and Christian knights helped provide nursing care
Maltese cross symbol
The Renaissance and Reformation - Answer: Fourteen to sixteenth centuries AD
Rebirth of Europe
Major advancements in knowledge including pharmacology, chemistry, medical knowledge, anatomy,
physiology, and surgery
Nursing education none existent, but emphasis on medical education
Reformation in 1517, dispute between Roman Catholics and Protestants
Religious facilities providing health care closed
"Dark Ages" of nursing
Plague, filth, and crime was at its worst
Nursing groups developed providing for the poor and sick, like Sisters of Charity, Visitation of St. Mary,
St. Vincent De Paul
and Complete Solutions Graded A+
prehistoric period - Answer: 4000 BC
believed in rituals like dancing and human sacrifices. magic, religion, and superstition. if one was ill,
thought they were possessed by an evil spirit or demon. used herbs to "cast out" evil spirits.
middle ages - Answer: 476-1450 AD
Poverty a critical problem
Rise of feudalism, monasticism, and Islam during early middle ages
Herbs, purging, leeching and mercury
Most changes in health care based on Christian concepts of charity and sanctity of human life.
early civilizations - Answer: Egypt
Palestine
Greece
India
China
Rome
Egypt - Answer: First to suture and repair wounds
Community planning
Laws made focusing on cleanliness, food use preservation, drinking, etc to protect people
Health behaviors carried out to appease the gods
Developed a calendar and writings
Pharmacopoeia containing over 700 drugs
Midwives and nurses used
Palestine - Answer: 1400 to 1200 BC
,Hebrews migrated from Arabian Desert to Palestine
Agricultural society
Prohibited eating animals after 3 days
Hebrew priests took the role as health inspectors
Greece - Answer: 1500 to 100 BC
Greeks sought out to understand man and its relationships with the gods, nature, etc
Gods controlled health and illness such as Aesculapius, the god of medicine
Staff w/serpents represents today's medical "caduceus"
Hippocrates, father of medicine
Developed patient centered approach
India - Answer: 3000 to 1500 BC
Hinduism
Brahmanism (Hindu sacred book)
Vedas, guided health practices
Practice of surgery well developed
Prenatal care
Public hospital created including male nurses
China - Answer: Confucius, (551 to 479 BC) powerful scholar
His ideals became the basis for their education and government
Woman were inferior to men
Yin and yang philosophy (yin-feminine or passive) and (yang-masculine, positive or active)
If yin or yang out of balance, illness would occur
Methods of medicine like acupuncture, hydrotherapy, massage therapy, and exercise
Baths, bloodletting for fevers "released" evil spirits
Rome - Answer: Roman Empire (27 BC to 476 AD)
, Adapted medical practices from captured doctors
First military hospital established to care for soldiers
Dark Ages, the Crusades (1096 to 1291)
Cross emblem (red cross)
Dedicated and well organized when caring for patients
Practiced advanced hygiene and sanitation and emphasized bathing
Middle Ages - Answer: (476 BC to 1450 AD)
Roman Catholic Church became central figure in organization and management of health care
Began using herbs and new methods of healing
Purging, leeching, and mercury
Widows and unmarried women became deaconesses
Wives of emperors or noble men were nurses
"Butchers" performed gruesome surgeries
Monks and Christian knights helped provide nursing care
Maltese cross symbol
The Renaissance and Reformation - Answer: Fourteen to sixteenth centuries AD
Rebirth of Europe
Major advancements in knowledge including pharmacology, chemistry, medical knowledge, anatomy,
physiology, and surgery
Nursing education none existent, but emphasis on medical education
Reformation in 1517, dispute between Roman Catholics and Protestants
Religious facilities providing health care closed
"Dark Ages" of nursing
Plague, filth, and crime was at its worst
Nursing groups developed providing for the poor and sick, like Sisters of Charity, Visitation of St. Mary,
St. Vincent De Paul
