NURS 612 Exam 1 Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update 2025 (Graded A+)
Lacrimal gland - Answers located in the temporal region of the superior eyelid and produces tears that
moisten the eye.
eye muscles - Answers superior, inferior, medial, and lateral rectus muscles
superior and inferior oblique muscles
eye nerves - Answers III (oculomotor)
IV (trochlear)
VI (abducens)
conjunctiva - Answers a clear, thin mucous membrane
sclera - Answers the dense, avascular structure that appears anteriorly as the white of the eye
cornea - Answers constitutes the anterior sixth of the globe and is continuous with the sclera
optically clear
uvea - Answers the iris, ciliary body, and choroids
lens - Answers biconvex, transparent structure located immediately behind the iris.
retina - Answers the sensory network of the eye.
eye changes in older adults - Answers progressive weakening of accommodation (presbyopia)
Risk factors for cataract formation - Answers family history
steroid medication use
exposure to ultraviolet light
cigarette smoking
diabetes mellitus
aging
legal blindness (Snellen chart) - Answers Vision not correctable to better than 20/200
blurred vision vs. diplopia - Answers burred vision represents a problem with visual acuity
diplopia is the perception of two images and may be monocular or binocular
, -monocular = optical problem
-binocular = alignment problem
factors that affect visual acuity testing - Answers motivation, interest, literacy, intelligence, and
attention span
Describe the process of performing the Snellen acuity exam - Answers position patient 20 feet away
from the chart
make sure that the chart is well lighted
test each eye individually by covering one eye
if testing the patient with and without corrective lenses, record the readings separately and always test
vision without glasses first
Ask patient to identify all the letters, beginning at any line
determine the smallest line in which the patient can identify all of the letters and record visual acuity
designated by that line.
Visual acuity test fraction - Answers numerator indicates the distance of the patient from the chart
denominator indicates the distance at which the average eye can read the line
pinhole test - Answers performed if the visual acuity is recorded at a fraction less than 20/20 to see if
the observed decrease in acuity was caused by a refractive error.
-pinhole occluder held over the uncovered eye.
measurement of near vision - Answers have patient hold the Rosenbaum Pocket Vision Screener at a
comfortable distance (about 35cm/14inches) from the eyes and read the smallest line possible.
confrontation test - Answers tests peripheral vision
sit or stand opposite the patient at eye level at a distance of about 3ft
ask the pt to cover the right eye while you cover your left eye.
fully extend your arm midway between the patient and yourself and wiggle your fingers as you move
your arm slowly centrally.
Have the patient tell you when the fingers are fist seen
compare the patient's response to the time you first note the fingers
Test nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior fields
Lacrimal gland - Answers located in the temporal region of the superior eyelid and produces tears that
moisten the eye.
eye muscles - Answers superior, inferior, medial, and lateral rectus muscles
superior and inferior oblique muscles
eye nerves - Answers III (oculomotor)
IV (trochlear)
VI (abducens)
conjunctiva - Answers a clear, thin mucous membrane
sclera - Answers the dense, avascular structure that appears anteriorly as the white of the eye
cornea - Answers constitutes the anterior sixth of the globe and is continuous with the sclera
optically clear
uvea - Answers the iris, ciliary body, and choroids
lens - Answers biconvex, transparent structure located immediately behind the iris.
retina - Answers the sensory network of the eye.
eye changes in older adults - Answers progressive weakening of accommodation (presbyopia)
Risk factors for cataract formation - Answers family history
steroid medication use
exposure to ultraviolet light
cigarette smoking
diabetes mellitus
aging
legal blindness (Snellen chart) - Answers Vision not correctable to better than 20/200
blurred vision vs. diplopia - Answers burred vision represents a problem with visual acuity
diplopia is the perception of two images and may be monocular or binocular
, -monocular = optical problem
-binocular = alignment problem
factors that affect visual acuity testing - Answers motivation, interest, literacy, intelligence, and
attention span
Describe the process of performing the Snellen acuity exam - Answers position patient 20 feet away
from the chart
make sure that the chart is well lighted
test each eye individually by covering one eye
if testing the patient with and without corrective lenses, record the readings separately and always test
vision without glasses first
Ask patient to identify all the letters, beginning at any line
determine the smallest line in which the patient can identify all of the letters and record visual acuity
designated by that line.
Visual acuity test fraction - Answers numerator indicates the distance of the patient from the chart
denominator indicates the distance at which the average eye can read the line
pinhole test - Answers performed if the visual acuity is recorded at a fraction less than 20/20 to see if
the observed decrease in acuity was caused by a refractive error.
-pinhole occluder held over the uncovered eye.
measurement of near vision - Answers have patient hold the Rosenbaum Pocket Vision Screener at a
comfortable distance (about 35cm/14inches) from the eyes and read the smallest line possible.
confrontation test - Answers tests peripheral vision
sit or stand opposite the patient at eye level at a distance of about 3ft
ask the pt to cover the right eye while you cover your left eye.
fully extend your arm midway between the patient and yourself and wiggle your fingers as you move
your arm slowly centrally.
Have the patient tell you when the fingers are fist seen
compare the patient's response to the time you first note the fingers
Test nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior fields
