AGPCNP NU 611
Clinical Decision Making
Midterm Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following clinical decision-making tools
primarily focuses on reducing diagnostic errors by promoting
analytical thinking?
A) Heuristics
B) Decision Trees
C) Differential Diagnosis
D) Bayesian Reasoning
©2024/2025
, ANS: D) Bayesian Reasoning
Rationale: Bayesian reasoning uses probability to refine
differential diagnosis, reducing diagnostic errors by promoting a
structured, analytical approach.
2. In incorporating evidence-based practice in clinical decision-
making, which step involves critically assessing the validity and
applicability of the evidence?
A) PICO Analysis
B) Critical Appraisal
C) Outcome Evaluation
D) Literature Review
ANS: B) Critical Appraisal
Rationale: Critical appraisal involves systematically
evaluating research to determine its validity, relevance, and
applicability to the clinical scenario.
3. Which ethical principle is concerned with prioritizing a
patient's autonomy and informed decision-making?
©2024/2025
, A) Beneficence
B) Non-maleficence
C) Justice
D) Respect for Autonomy
ANS: D) Respect for Autonomy
Rationale: Respect for autonomy emphasizes the patient's
right to make informed decisions about their own care.
4. Which of the following is a qualitative method used to
enhance decision-making by exploring patient preferences and
values?
A) Randomized Controlled Trial
B) Root Cause Analysis
C) Focus Group Discussions
D) Cross-Sectional Study
ANS: C) Focus Group Discussions
Rationale: Focus group discussions are qualitative and allow
clinicians to understand the subjective preferences and values of
patients.
©2024/2025
, 5. When integrating clinical practice guidelines into patient care,
which factor is most critical for ensuring applicability?
A) Financial costs
B) Patient demographics
C) PCP workload
D) Hospital policies
ANS: B) Patient demographics
Rationale: Patient demographics are crucial because they
ensure guidelines are applied appropriately to diverse populations.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
6. An approach that combines clinical expertise, patient values,
and the best research evidence into the decision-making process is
known as ___________.
ANS: Evidence-Based Practice
Rationale: Evidence-based practice integrates these elements
for superior clinical decision-making.
©2024/2025
Clinical Decision Making
Midterm Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following clinical decision-making tools
primarily focuses on reducing diagnostic errors by promoting
analytical thinking?
A) Heuristics
B) Decision Trees
C) Differential Diagnosis
D) Bayesian Reasoning
©2024/2025
, ANS: D) Bayesian Reasoning
Rationale: Bayesian reasoning uses probability to refine
differential diagnosis, reducing diagnostic errors by promoting a
structured, analytical approach.
2. In incorporating evidence-based practice in clinical decision-
making, which step involves critically assessing the validity and
applicability of the evidence?
A) PICO Analysis
B) Critical Appraisal
C) Outcome Evaluation
D) Literature Review
ANS: B) Critical Appraisal
Rationale: Critical appraisal involves systematically
evaluating research to determine its validity, relevance, and
applicability to the clinical scenario.
3. Which ethical principle is concerned with prioritizing a
patient's autonomy and informed decision-making?
©2024/2025
, A) Beneficence
B) Non-maleficence
C) Justice
D) Respect for Autonomy
ANS: D) Respect for Autonomy
Rationale: Respect for autonomy emphasizes the patient's
right to make informed decisions about their own care.
4. Which of the following is a qualitative method used to
enhance decision-making by exploring patient preferences and
values?
A) Randomized Controlled Trial
B) Root Cause Analysis
C) Focus Group Discussions
D) Cross-Sectional Study
ANS: C) Focus Group Discussions
Rationale: Focus group discussions are qualitative and allow
clinicians to understand the subjective preferences and values of
patients.
©2024/2025
, 5. When integrating clinical practice guidelines into patient care,
which factor is most critical for ensuring applicability?
A) Financial costs
B) Patient demographics
C) PCP workload
D) Hospital policies
ANS: B) Patient demographics
Rationale: Patient demographics are crucial because they
ensure guidelines are applied appropriately to diverse populations.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
6. An approach that combines clinical expertise, patient values,
and the best research evidence into the decision-making process is
known as ___________.
ANS: Evidence-Based Practice
Rationale: Evidence-based practice integrates these elements
for superior clinical decision-making.
©2024/2025
