Diabetes - Final Exam 2025 Questions and
Answers
Diabetes - answer is the impaired ability to move glucose into cells that lead to
elevated blood sugar
A1C>7, FBS >126 and random blood sugar ?200 - answerhow is Diabetes
diagnosed?
Macro and Microvascular due to endothelial cells dysfunction - answerwhat types
of changes occur with elevated blood sugar?
Coronary Artery Dz, Cerebrovascular Dz, Peripheral Artery Dz - answerwhat are
the macrovascular complications in Diabetes?
Diabetic Retinopathy/Neuropathy/Nephropathy - answerwhat are the microvascular
complications in Diabetes?
Coronary Artery Dz - answerin this macrovascular DM change in which the larger
vessels that profuse the heart are vulnerable for endothelial damage combined
with HTN, hyperlipid and increased plaque formation
Cerebrovascular Dz - answerin this macrovascular DM can occur in large vessels
leading to the brain and is the LEADING risk factor for stroke and TIA
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) - answerin this macrovascular DM change occur
in the large vessels of the leg (below calf and into toes) and leads to insufficient
blood flow to the legs resulting in caludication, hair loss, shiny skin, NON healing
wounds to the feel and possible amputation
, NAFLD, DKA and Diabetic Gastroparesis - answerwhat are some NON vascular
complications caused by DM?
Proliferative (VEGF production/Hemes) and non-proliferative
(CWS/Aneurysm/Hemes/Hard exudates) and Mac Edema - answerwhat are the 2
types of DR?
Diabetic Retinopathy - answerwhat is the leading cause of blindness?
Diabetic Neuropathy - answerin this microvascular change the nerves blood supply
becomes damaged and the nerve malfunction causes PAIN and increased risk for
injuries to feet/hands
Stocking Glove - answerdiabetic Neuropathy can cause dyndrome in which is pain
and loss of sensation in the hands and feet
Diabetic Nephropathy - answerin this microvascular DM change there is
progressive damage to the kidney in the form of Proteinuria, decrease function and
eventually failure
Beta - answer cells in the pancrease sense what youre about to eat
Autoimmune - answertype 1 Dm is an condition in which their is destruction of
beta cells in pancrease and NO or LITTLE insulin is produced
Producing more insulin - answertype 2 Dm is when the beta cells produced insulin
but cant send the message to place glucose into cells so the pancreas responds by
Southeastern Asian and children along with obese adults - answerpatients of
heritage and are are risk for Type 2 DM
Answers
Diabetes - answer is the impaired ability to move glucose into cells that lead to
elevated blood sugar
A1C>7, FBS >126 and random blood sugar ?200 - answerhow is Diabetes
diagnosed?
Macro and Microvascular due to endothelial cells dysfunction - answerwhat types
of changes occur with elevated blood sugar?
Coronary Artery Dz, Cerebrovascular Dz, Peripheral Artery Dz - answerwhat are
the macrovascular complications in Diabetes?
Diabetic Retinopathy/Neuropathy/Nephropathy - answerwhat are the microvascular
complications in Diabetes?
Coronary Artery Dz - answerin this macrovascular DM change in which the larger
vessels that profuse the heart are vulnerable for endothelial damage combined
with HTN, hyperlipid and increased plaque formation
Cerebrovascular Dz - answerin this macrovascular DM can occur in large vessels
leading to the brain and is the LEADING risk factor for stroke and TIA
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) - answerin this macrovascular DM change occur
in the large vessels of the leg (below calf and into toes) and leads to insufficient
blood flow to the legs resulting in caludication, hair loss, shiny skin, NON healing
wounds to the feel and possible amputation
, NAFLD, DKA and Diabetic Gastroparesis - answerwhat are some NON vascular
complications caused by DM?
Proliferative (VEGF production/Hemes) and non-proliferative
(CWS/Aneurysm/Hemes/Hard exudates) and Mac Edema - answerwhat are the 2
types of DR?
Diabetic Retinopathy - answerwhat is the leading cause of blindness?
Diabetic Neuropathy - answerin this microvascular change the nerves blood supply
becomes damaged and the nerve malfunction causes PAIN and increased risk for
injuries to feet/hands
Stocking Glove - answerdiabetic Neuropathy can cause dyndrome in which is pain
and loss of sensation in the hands and feet
Diabetic Nephropathy - answerin this microvascular DM change there is
progressive damage to the kidney in the form of Proteinuria, decrease function and
eventually failure
Beta - answer cells in the pancrease sense what youre about to eat
Autoimmune - answertype 1 Dm is an condition in which their is destruction of
beta cells in pancrease and NO or LITTLE insulin is produced
Producing more insulin - answertype 2 Dm is when the beta cells produced insulin
but cant send the message to place glucose into cells so the pancreas responds by
Southeastern Asian and children along with obese adults - answerpatients of
heritage and are are risk for Type 2 DM
