CLC EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS.

CLC EXAM 2025 - 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
ANSWERS.

Which,milk,is,higher,in,calories,-,hand,expressed,milk,or,pumped,milk?,ANS,-Hand,expressed,milk



Define:,Exclusive,breastfeeding,ANS,-Infant,receives,only,mother's,milk,as,its,food,source,,from,0-
6,months



What,is,the,only,absolute,infant,contraindication,to,breastfeeding?,ANS,-galactosemia



Can,infants,with,PKU,breastfeed?,ANS,-Yes,,but,they,need,formula,supplementation



Define:,Complementary,feeding,ANS,-Receiving,both,human,milk,and,solids/semisolids.,From,6-
23,months



9,stages,of,the,first,hour,after,birth,ANS,-1.,Birth,cry

2.,Relaxation

3.,Awakening

4.,Activity

5.,Rest,(interspersed,throughout)

6.,Crawling

7.,Familiarization

8.,Suckling

9.,Sleeping



Is,crying,an,early,or,late,feeding,cute?,ANS,-Late



Clenched,hands,are,a,sign,that,baby...,ANS,-...,is,hungry!

,When,is,the,fastest,drop-off,point,when,people,stop,breastfeeding?,ANS,-
In,the,first,10,days,after,discharge,from,hospital



What,triggers,oxytocin,pathway,to,milk,production?,ANS,-1.,Conditioned,let-
down,reflex,(smell,,touch,,sound)

2.,Nipple,stretching

3.,Baby,hand,massage



What,are,the,two,hormone,pathways,for,milk,production?,ANS,-Oxytocin,and,Prolactin



How,does,fat,,protein,and,water,content,affect,the,frequency,of,feedings,between,different,mammal,spe
cies?,ANS,-High,fat,,high,protein,,low,water,=,infrequent,feeds



High,water,=,more,frequent,feeds



When,does,Lactogenesis,II,start?,ANS,-complete,delivery,of,the,placenta



How,does,preterm,milk,differ,from,term,milk?,ANS,-Generally,higher,in,protein,,fat,and,electrolytes



How,long,does,preterm,milk,production,last?,ANS,-5-7,weeks



Which,has,higher,fat,content:,hindmilk,or,foremilk?,ANS,-Neither.,Some,say,hindmilk,is,highest,in,fat,-
,but,this,is,not,supported,by,research,and,shouldn't,be,a,part,of,counseling




Which,hormone(s),drive,the,production,of,colostrum,and,where,do,they,come,from?,ANS,-
Progesterone,from,the,placenta



Which,hormone(s),drive,the,production,of,transitional,milk,and,where,do,they,come,from?,ANS,-
Progesterone,-,left,from,the,placenta,and,is,rapidly,dropping



Prolactin,-,generally,already,circulating,,not,yet,being,released,by,nipple,stimulation

, Which,hormone(s),drive,the,production,of,mature,milk,and,where,do,they,come,from?,ANS,-Prolactin,-
,comes,from,nipple,stimulation,in,feeding




Describe,paracellular,vs,transcellular,pathways,ANS,-Paracellular:,during,progesterone-
driven,lactogenesis,,there,is,free,flow,of,blood/nutrients/etc,between,milk,cells,,increased,permeability,t
o,some,drugs



Transcellular,pathway:,during,prolactin-
driven,lactogenesis,,milk,cells,are,larger,with,no,pathways,between,them,,which,yields,more,safety,from,s
ubstances



Name,5,instances,when,breastmilk,composition,changes,ANS,-
1.,over,the,course,of,entire,lactation,experience,



2.,time,of,day,(higher,caloric,concentration,at,night)



3.,within,a,feeding



4.,between,feedings,(sooner,feedings,=,higher,fat,content)



5.,baby,sex,(male,infants,are,linked,with,25%,greater,energy,content)



What,does,"Four,on,Four",mean?,ANS,-Baby,should,have,at,least,4,soiled,diapers,a,day,by,day,4,-
,in,conjunction,with,delayed,onset,of,lactation,,less,than,that,may,indicate,breastfeeding,inadequacy




What,affect,does,pH,of,breastmilk,have,on,baby?,ANS,-
pH,of,breastmilk,is,lower,(more,acidic),,which,lowers,pH,in,baby's,gut,and,makes,it,less,hospitable,for,bad,
bacteria



What,affect,does,iron,content,in,breastmilk,have,on,baby?,ANS,-
Breastmilk,is,lower,in,iron,,which,means,less,ideal,environment,for,shigella,,C.diff,,salmonella