2025 update |Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Care| latest
|COMPREHENSIVE MOST TESTED QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS | GET
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Viscosity
The internal force that opposes the flow of fluids, equivalent to friction between
solid substances.
False Statement about Viscosity
Viscosity is most important under conditions of turbulent flow.
Convex Meniscus
Formation observed when cohesive forces among liquid molecules exceed
adhesive forces between the liquid and the container.
Surface Tension
The force responsible for the spherical shape of liquid droplets and their ability to
maintain this shape in an aerosol suspension.
Buoyant Force
An upward supporting force produced by variations in liquid pressure within a
container.
Liquid Density
The weight per unit volume of a liquid, which influences the pressure it exerts.
Laminar Flow
Consists of concentric layers of fluid flowing parallel to the tube wall at velocities
that increase toward the center.
Hydrometer
A device used to measure the specific gravity of certain liquids.
Cohesive Forces
Forces that pull together liquid molecules, influencing the shape of the liquid.
Adhesive Forces
Forces that attract liquid molecules to the surface of a container.
Liquid Pressure
,Depends on both the height (depth) of the liquid and its weight density.
Turbulent Flow
A flow condition where viscosity is less significant compared to laminar flow.
Specific Gravity
A measure of the density of a liquid compared to the density of water.
Fluid Flow
The movement of liquid which can be affected by viscosity.
Surface Tension in Water
Causes a concave meniscus due to stronger adhesive forces between water and
glass.
Surface Tension in Mercury
Causes a convex meniscus due to stronger cohesive forces among mercury
atoms.
Cohesion
The intermolecular attraction between like molecules.
Adhesion
The attraction between unlike molecules.
Viscosity
A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.
Surface tension
A force exerted by like molecules at a liquid's surface.
Specific gravity
The ratio of the density of one fluid when compared with the density of another
reference substance, which is typically water.
Capillary action
A phenomenon in which a liquid in a small tube moves upward against gravity.
Boiling point
The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure.
Evaporation
,The change in state of a substance from liquid to gaseous form occurring below
its boiling point.
Molecular water vapor
Invisible gaseous form of water that obeys the same physical principles as other
gases.
Saturation
The equilibrium condition in which a gas holds all the water vapor molecules that it
can.
Evaporation cooling
The principle where the surrounding air loses heat energy, resulting in cooling.
Water vapor pressure
The pressure exerted by molecular water vapor.
Heat exchange during evaporation
As the surrounding air loses heat energy, it cools.
Clinical examples of capillary action
Capillary stick blood samples, absorbent humidifier wicks, and certain surgical
dressings.
Ambient pressure effect on boiling point
The greater the ambient pressure, the greater is the boiling point.
Kinetic activity of water vapor
Water vapor exhibits kinetic activity.
Visible vs. invisible water
Molecular water vapor is distinguished from visible particulate water, such as
mist or fog.
Energy requirement for boiling
Boiling a liquid requires more energy than does evaporating it.
Temperature and vapor pressure
The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals
the pressure exerted by the surrounding atmosphere.
Liquid droplet shape
, Liquid droplets and bubbles retain a spherical shape due to surface tension.
Meniscus
The curve at the surface of a liquid in a container.
Absorbent wicks
Used in some gas humidifiers as an application of capillary action.
Blood samples and capillary tubes
Capillary action is the basis for blood samples obtained by use of a capillary tube.
Evaporation
The process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas.
Stabilization
The process of making something stable or steady.
Saturation
The point at which the air over the water is fully saturated with water vapor.
Body humidity
The amount of water vapor present in the air within the human body.
Rate of evaporation
Increases with higher temperature of surrounding air, decreased pressure, and
higher temperature of water.
Kinetic activity of water vapor molecules
Measured by water vapor pressure.
Absolute humidity
The actual content or weight of water present in a given volume of air.
Water vapor pressure
Represents the kinetic activity of water molecules in air.
Relative humidity
The ratio of the actual water vapor present in a gas compared with the capacity of
that gas to hold the vapor at a given temperature.
Water vapor content at 37° C
The absolute humidity of saturated gas at normal body temperature is 43.8 mg/L.
Water vapor pressure at 37° C
|COMPREHENSIVE MOST TESTED QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS | GET
IT 100% ACCURATE!!
Viscosity
The internal force that opposes the flow of fluids, equivalent to friction between
solid substances.
False Statement about Viscosity
Viscosity is most important under conditions of turbulent flow.
Convex Meniscus
Formation observed when cohesive forces among liquid molecules exceed
adhesive forces between the liquid and the container.
Surface Tension
The force responsible for the spherical shape of liquid droplets and their ability to
maintain this shape in an aerosol suspension.
Buoyant Force
An upward supporting force produced by variations in liquid pressure within a
container.
Liquid Density
The weight per unit volume of a liquid, which influences the pressure it exerts.
Laminar Flow
Consists of concentric layers of fluid flowing parallel to the tube wall at velocities
that increase toward the center.
Hydrometer
A device used to measure the specific gravity of certain liquids.
Cohesive Forces
Forces that pull together liquid molecules, influencing the shape of the liquid.
Adhesive Forces
Forces that attract liquid molecules to the surface of a container.
Liquid Pressure
,Depends on both the height (depth) of the liquid and its weight density.
Turbulent Flow
A flow condition where viscosity is less significant compared to laminar flow.
Specific Gravity
A measure of the density of a liquid compared to the density of water.
Fluid Flow
The movement of liquid which can be affected by viscosity.
Surface Tension in Water
Causes a concave meniscus due to stronger adhesive forces between water and
glass.
Surface Tension in Mercury
Causes a convex meniscus due to stronger cohesive forces among mercury
atoms.
Cohesion
The intermolecular attraction between like molecules.
Adhesion
The attraction between unlike molecules.
Viscosity
A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.
Surface tension
A force exerted by like molecules at a liquid's surface.
Specific gravity
The ratio of the density of one fluid when compared with the density of another
reference substance, which is typically water.
Capillary action
A phenomenon in which a liquid in a small tube moves upward against gravity.
Boiling point
The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure.
Evaporation
,The change in state of a substance from liquid to gaseous form occurring below
its boiling point.
Molecular water vapor
Invisible gaseous form of water that obeys the same physical principles as other
gases.
Saturation
The equilibrium condition in which a gas holds all the water vapor molecules that it
can.
Evaporation cooling
The principle where the surrounding air loses heat energy, resulting in cooling.
Water vapor pressure
The pressure exerted by molecular water vapor.
Heat exchange during evaporation
As the surrounding air loses heat energy, it cools.
Clinical examples of capillary action
Capillary stick blood samples, absorbent humidifier wicks, and certain surgical
dressings.
Ambient pressure effect on boiling point
The greater the ambient pressure, the greater is the boiling point.
Kinetic activity of water vapor
Water vapor exhibits kinetic activity.
Visible vs. invisible water
Molecular water vapor is distinguished from visible particulate water, such as
mist or fog.
Energy requirement for boiling
Boiling a liquid requires more energy than does evaporating it.
Temperature and vapor pressure
The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals
the pressure exerted by the surrounding atmosphere.
Liquid droplet shape
, Liquid droplets and bubbles retain a spherical shape due to surface tension.
Meniscus
The curve at the surface of a liquid in a container.
Absorbent wicks
Used in some gas humidifiers as an application of capillary action.
Blood samples and capillary tubes
Capillary action is the basis for blood samples obtained by use of a capillary tube.
Evaporation
The process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas.
Stabilization
The process of making something stable or steady.
Saturation
The point at which the air over the water is fully saturated with water vapor.
Body humidity
The amount of water vapor present in the air within the human body.
Rate of evaporation
Increases with higher temperature of surrounding air, decreased pressure, and
higher temperature of water.
Kinetic activity of water vapor molecules
Measured by water vapor pressure.
Absolute humidity
The actual content or weight of water present in a given volume of air.
Water vapor pressure
Represents the kinetic activity of water molecules in air.
Relative humidity
The ratio of the actual water vapor present in a gas compared with the capacity of
that gas to hold the vapor at a given temperature.
Water vapor content at 37° C
The absolute humidity of saturated gas at normal body temperature is 43.8 mg/L.
Water vapor pressure at 37° C
