BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Chemistry Exam 2025 With Correct Answers

BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Chemistry
Exam 2025 With Correct Answers




How many electrons can an s subshell hold? - correct answer 2
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How many electrons can a p subshell hold? - correct answer 6
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How many electrons can a d subshell hold? - correct answer 10
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Which subshells are available in the first energy level? - correct answer s
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Which subshells are available in the second energy level? - correct answer s and p
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Which subshells are available in the third energy level? - correct answer s, p and d
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What is Hund's rule? - correct answer Orbitals must all be singly filled before they can be doubly occupied
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Which elements do not fill the 4s subshell before the 3d subshell? - correct answer Copper and chromium
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,Define the term ionic bond - correct answer The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
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What is the charge of an ion from group 1? - correct answer +1
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What is the charge of an ion from group 2? - correct answer +2
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What is the charge of an ion from group 6? - correct answer -2
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What is the charge of an ion from group 7? - correct answer -1
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Explain how atoms of sodium react with atoms of chlorine - correct answer Na loses its 2s1 electron gaining a
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+ve charge.
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Cl gains an electron in the 3p subshell gaining a -ve charge.
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The opposite charges attract to form NaCl
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Why do ionic bonds have such high melting points? - correct answer Each +ve ion is surrounded by 6 -ve ions and
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vice versa. l l




Strong electrostatic attraction in every direction.
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l Requires a large amount of energy to break l l l l l l l




State two factors that affect the strength of an ionic bond - correct answer Size of ion and charge on ion
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When can ionic substances conduct electricity? - correct answer When molten or in aqueous solution
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Describe the properties of ionic compounds - correct answer Conduct electricity when molten or aqueous
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solution

High melting/boiling points
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Usually soluble in water l l l




Define the term covalent bond - correct answer A shared pair of electrons
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, Which metals lose electrons from the 4s subshell before the 3d subshell? - correct answer Transition metals
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Why do metals have such high melting points? - correct answer Strong force of attraction between positive ions
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and delocalised electrons. This requires a large amount of energy to overcome.
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State the two factors that affect the strength of metallic bonding - correct answer Size of ion
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Charge on ion l l




Explain how the charge on metal ions affects the strength of the metallic bond - correct answer The larger the
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+ve charge the greater the attraction between the nucleus and the delocalised electrons
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Explain how the size of the metal ions affects the strength of the metallic bond - correct answer The smaller the
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+ve ion the closer the nucleus is to the delocalised electrons creating a greater attraction
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Explain why metals conduct electricity - correct answer The delocalised electrons 'carry' charge. Current flows
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because of this. l l




Explain why metals conduct heat - correct answer Particles are paced tightly so kinetic energy is passed from ion
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to ion. The delocalised electrons also enable heat to be passed.
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Explain why metals are ductile and malleable - correct answer The lattice structure allows layers of metal ions to
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slide over each other without disrupting bonding
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Name the 3 forces between molecules - correct answer Van der Waals
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Permanent dipole-dipole l




Hydrogen bonds l




Order the 3 forces between molecules in order of strongest to weakest - correct answer Hydrogen bonds
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Permanent dipole-dipole l




Van der Waals
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