NR 511 FINAL ACTUAL SOLVED EXAM | FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS (2025/2026) GRADED A
The effectiveness of benzodiazepines in treating anxiety disorders suggests that which of the following
neurotransmitters plays a role in anxiety?
Gamma-aminobutyric i acidi (GABA)
The criteria for diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder in the American Psychiatric Associations
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (text revision) state that
excessive worry or apprehension must be present more days than not for at least?
A 20-year-old woman is seen in the clinic because her boyfriend was found to have gonorrhea.
Which ofthe following is the treatment of choice for gonorrhea?
a. Ceftriaxone
b. Doxycycline
c. Acyclovir
d. Metronidazole
Ceftriaxone
A patient is seen in the clinic with a chief complaint of hematuria. To make a differential diagnosis,
whichof the following questions should be asked?
a. "Do you have a history of liver disease?"
b. "What medicationsi are youi currently itaking?
c. "Have you noticed swelling in your ankles?"
d. All of the above
"What medications are you currently taking"
A patient is seen in the clinic with hematuria confirmed on microscopic examination. The clinician
should inquire about the ingestion of which of these substances that might be the cause of hematuria?
a. NSAIDs
b. Beets
c. Vitamin A
d. Red meat
NSAIDS
A 27-year-old female presents with a chief complaint of burning and pain on urination. She has no
previous history of urinary tract infection (UTI). What are some additional symptoms consistent with a
diagnosis of lower UTI?
a. Back and abdominal pain
b. Fever, chills, costovertebralangle (CVA) tenderness
Blood iin iurine iand
c.
d. Foul-smelling discharge, perinealitch
,Blood in urine ad frequency
A 30-year-old patient presents with pain on urination. The urine microscopy of unspun urine shows
greater than 10 leukocytes/mL, and a dipstick is positive for nitrites. What is the probable diagnosis?ia.
iLower iurinary itract
b. Chlamydia infection
c. Candidiasis
d. Pyelonephritis
Lower urinary tract infection
A patient presentswith CVA tenderness and a several-day history of high fever, chills, and
dysuria. Whichof the following diagnoses is most likely given the above information? a.
Pyelonephritis
b. Cystitis
c. Renal calculi
d. Bladder tumor
Pyelonephritis
A patient is diagnosed with urge incontinence. Before prescribing Detrol XL, the provider should
question the patient about which of these contraindications to this medication?
a. Diarrhea
b. Parkinson's disease
c. Closed-angle i glaucoma
d. Breast cancer Closed-angle glaucoma
A patient is seen in the office complaining of severe flank pain. The clinician should assess this patient
for which risk factor for kidney stones?
a. Hypertension
b. Constipation
c. Tubal ligation
d. Diabetes Hypertensio n
A patient is diagnosed with overactive bladder. Which of the following instructions should be given
to this woman?
a. "Limit the amount of water that you drink."
ib. i"Eliminate icaffeine ifrom
c. "Wear panty liners."
d. All of the above
Eliminate caffeine from your diet
A 34-year-old patient was treated for a UTI and has not responded to antibiotic therapy. Which of the
following actions should be taken next?
a. Sendiaiurine i specimen ifor imicroscopy and evaluatei for ifungali colonies
b. Increase the dose of antibiotic.
c. Order acytoscopy.
d. Order a different antibiotic.
Send a urine specimen for microscopy and evaluate for fungal colonies
, Which of the following are predisposing factors for pyelonephritis?
a. Pregnancy
b. Dehydration
c. Smoking
d. Alkaline urine
Pregnancy
A 42-year-old woman is seen in the clinic with fever, chills, vomiting, and severe dysuria. She is
diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis. How should this patient be managed?
a. 3-day course oforal antibiotics
ib.
c. Encourage cranberry juice intake.
d. 6-week course of antibiotics
Hospitalization
Oral antibiotics may be prescribed in mild cases of acute pyelonephritis, characterized by the absence of
nausea and vomiting or signs of sepsis. First-line therapy includes ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 500 mg two times
daily for 7 days, or ciprofloxacin extended-release (Cipro XR) 1,000 mg daily for 7 days, or levofloxacin
(Levaquin) 750 mg daily for 5 days.
Hospitalization imay ibe iindicated,idependingionithe ipatient's iabilityitoimaintain
iadequateifluidiintake and ito itolerate ioral iantibiotics,ialong iwith itheiseverity iofitheisymptoms iand
ievidence iofibacteremia. Hospitalization iofipatientsiwhoiare
ipregnant,ivomiting,ioridehydratedishould ibe istrongly iconsidered. Likewise,ithe ipatient'sidegreeiof
isystemiciillnessi(bacteremia ioriurosepsis),iage, ihistoryiofichronic disease,iorinonadherence ito
itherapyimay ilead itoithe iassessment ithat ihospitalization iis inecessary. Ninetyifive ipercent iof
ipatients idemonstrate iaigood iresponse iwithin i48 ihours ito iIV iantibiotic itreatment and imay ibe
idischarged ion iappropriate ioralimedication,ionce iurine iculture iandiantibiotic isensitivity resultsiare
available and subsequent antimicrobial therapy may be narrowed in spectrum.
A patient is seen with a sudden onset of flank pain accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and
diaphoresis.In addition to nephrolithiasis, which of the following should be added to the list of
differential diagnoses? a. Pancreatitis
b. Peptic ulcer disease
c. Diverticulitis
d. All iof the abov All of the above
Which of the following instructions should be given to the patient with nephrolithiasis?
ia. iTake iibuprofen, i600
b. Take Tums® forstomachupset.
c. Drink more black tea.
d. Increaseintake ofvegetables, like spinach.
Take ibuprofen, 600 mg every 8 hours
Which of the following patients is at risk for developing urinary tract cancer?
a. The 45-year-old woman who is 100 lbs overweight
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS (2025/2026) GRADED A
The effectiveness of benzodiazepines in treating anxiety disorders suggests that which of the following
neurotransmitters plays a role in anxiety?
Gamma-aminobutyric i acidi (GABA)
The criteria for diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder in the American Psychiatric Associations
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (text revision) state that
excessive worry or apprehension must be present more days than not for at least?
A 20-year-old woman is seen in the clinic because her boyfriend was found to have gonorrhea.
Which ofthe following is the treatment of choice for gonorrhea?
a. Ceftriaxone
b. Doxycycline
c. Acyclovir
d. Metronidazole
Ceftriaxone
A patient is seen in the clinic with a chief complaint of hematuria. To make a differential diagnosis,
whichof the following questions should be asked?
a. "Do you have a history of liver disease?"
b. "What medicationsi are youi currently itaking?
c. "Have you noticed swelling in your ankles?"
d. All of the above
"What medications are you currently taking"
A patient is seen in the clinic with hematuria confirmed on microscopic examination. The clinician
should inquire about the ingestion of which of these substances that might be the cause of hematuria?
a. NSAIDs
b. Beets
c. Vitamin A
d. Red meat
NSAIDS
A 27-year-old female presents with a chief complaint of burning and pain on urination. She has no
previous history of urinary tract infection (UTI). What are some additional symptoms consistent with a
diagnosis of lower UTI?
a. Back and abdominal pain
b. Fever, chills, costovertebralangle (CVA) tenderness
Blood iin iurine iand
c.
d. Foul-smelling discharge, perinealitch
,Blood in urine ad frequency
A 30-year-old patient presents with pain on urination. The urine microscopy of unspun urine shows
greater than 10 leukocytes/mL, and a dipstick is positive for nitrites. What is the probable diagnosis?ia.
iLower iurinary itract
b. Chlamydia infection
c. Candidiasis
d. Pyelonephritis
Lower urinary tract infection
A patient presentswith CVA tenderness and a several-day history of high fever, chills, and
dysuria. Whichof the following diagnoses is most likely given the above information? a.
Pyelonephritis
b. Cystitis
c. Renal calculi
d. Bladder tumor
Pyelonephritis
A patient is diagnosed with urge incontinence. Before prescribing Detrol XL, the provider should
question the patient about which of these contraindications to this medication?
a. Diarrhea
b. Parkinson's disease
c. Closed-angle i glaucoma
d. Breast cancer Closed-angle glaucoma
A patient is seen in the office complaining of severe flank pain. The clinician should assess this patient
for which risk factor for kidney stones?
a. Hypertension
b. Constipation
c. Tubal ligation
d. Diabetes Hypertensio n
A patient is diagnosed with overactive bladder. Which of the following instructions should be given
to this woman?
a. "Limit the amount of water that you drink."
ib. i"Eliminate icaffeine ifrom
c. "Wear panty liners."
d. All of the above
Eliminate caffeine from your diet
A 34-year-old patient was treated for a UTI and has not responded to antibiotic therapy. Which of the
following actions should be taken next?
a. Sendiaiurine i specimen ifor imicroscopy and evaluatei for ifungali colonies
b. Increase the dose of antibiotic.
c. Order acytoscopy.
d. Order a different antibiotic.
Send a urine specimen for microscopy and evaluate for fungal colonies
, Which of the following are predisposing factors for pyelonephritis?
a. Pregnancy
b. Dehydration
c. Smoking
d. Alkaline urine
Pregnancy
A 42-year-old woman is seen in the clinic with fever, chills, vomiting, and severe dysuria. She is
diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis. How should this patient be managed?
a. 3-day course oforal antibiotics
ib.
c. Encourage cranberry juice intake.
d. 6-week course of antibiotics
Hospitalization
Oral antibiotics may be prescribed in mild cases of acute pyelonephritis, characterized by the absence of
nausea and vomiting or signs of sepsis. First-line therapy includes ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 500 mg two times
daily for 7 days, or ciprofloxacin extended-release (Cipro XR) 1,000 mg daily for 7 days, or levofloxacin
(Levaquin) 750 mg daily for 5 days.
Hospitalization imay ibe iindicated,idependingionithe ipatient's iabilityitoimaintain
iadequateifluidiintake and ito itolerate ioral iantibiotics,ialong iwith itheiseverity iofitheisymptoms iand
ievidence iofibacteremia. Hospitalization iofipatientsiwhoiare
ipregnant,ivomiting,ioridehydratedishould ibe istrongly iconsidered. Likewise,ithe ipatient'sidegreeiof
isystemiciillnessi(bacteremia ioriurosepsis),iage, ihistoryiofichronic disease,iorinonadherence ito
itherapyimay ilead itoithe iassessment ithat ihospitalization iis inecessary. Ninetyifive ipercent iof
ipatients idemonstrate iaigood iresponse iwithin i48 ihours ito iIV iantibiotic itreatment and imay ibe
idischarged ion iappropriate ioralimedication,ionce iurine iculture iandiantibiotic isensitivity resultsiare
available and subsequent antimicrobial therapy may be narrowed in spectrum.
A patient is seen with a sudden onset of flank pain accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and
diaphoresis.In addition to nephrolithiasis, which of the following should be added to the list of
differential diagnoses? a. Pancreatitis
b. Peptic ulcer disease
c. Diverticulitis
d. All iof the abov All of the above
Which of the following instructions should be given to the patient with nephrolithiasis?
ia. iTake iibuprofen, i600
b. Take Tums® forstomachupset.
c. Drink more black tea.
d. Increaseintake ofvegetables, like spinach.
Take ibuprofen, 600 mg every 8 hours
Which of the following patients is at risk for developing urinary tract cancer?
a. The 45-year-old woman who is 100 lbs overweight
