Test Bank for Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing 6th Edition Williams-all
chapters-
Chapter 01: Nursing and the Health Care System
Williams: deWit's Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing, 6th
Edition
MULTIPLE
CHOICE
• Florence Nightingale’s contributions to nursing practice and education:
A. are historically important but have no validity for nursing today.
B. were neither recognized nor appreciated in her own time.
C. were a major factor in reducing the death rate in the Crimean War.
D. were limited only to the care of severe traumatic wounds.
ANS: C
By improving sanitation, nutrition ventilation, and handwashing techniques,
Florence Nightingale’s nurses dramatically reduced the death rate from injuries
in the Crimean War.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: Theory #1TOP: Nursing H
• Early nursing education and care in the United States:
A. were directed at community health.
B. provided independence for women through education and employment.
C. were an educational model based in institutions of higher learning.
D. have continued to be entirely focused on hospital nursing.
ANS: B
Because of the influence of early nNuUrRs iSnIgNGleTaBd.eCrOs,Mnursing education became
more formalized through apprenticeships in Nightingale schools that offered
independence to women througheducation and employment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: Theory #4TOP: Nursing H
,• In order to fulfill the common goals defined by nursing theorists (promote
wellness, prevent illness, facilitate coping, and restore health), the LPN
must take on the roles of:
A. caregiver, educator, and collaborator.
B. nursing assistant, delegator, and environmental specialist.
C. medication dispenser, collaborator, and transporter.
D. dietitian, manager, and housekeeper.
ANS: A
In order for the LPN to apply the common goals of nursing, he or she must
assume the rolesof caregiver, educator, collaborator, manager, and
advocate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 3 OBJ: Theory #2TOP: Art and S
• Although nursing theories differ in their attempts to define nursing, all
of them base their beliefs on common concepts concerning
A. self-actualization, fundamental needs, and belonging.
B. stress reduction, self-care, and a systems model.
C. curative care, restorative care, and terminal care.
D. human relationships, the environment, and health.
ANS: D
Although nursing theories differ, they all base their beliefs on human
relationships, theenvironment, and health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 4 OBJ: Theory #2TOP: Nursing T
• Standards of care for the nursing practice of the LPN are established by the:
A. Boards of Nursing Examiners in each state.
B. National Council of States Boards of Nursing (NCSBN).
C. American Nurses Association (ANA).
D. National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses.
ANS: D
The National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses modified the standards
published by the ANA in 2015 to better fit the role of the LPN. In 2015 the
American Nurses Association (ANA) revised the Standards of Nursing
Practice which contained 17 standards of national practice of nursing,
describing all facets of nursing practice: who, what, when, where, how.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 6 OBJ: Theory #2TOP: Standards
• The LPN demonstrates an evidence-based practice by:
A. using a drug manual to check compatibility of drugs.
, B. using scientific information to guide decision making.
C. using medical history of a patient to direct nursing interventions.
D. basing nursing care on advice from an experienced nurse.
ANS: B
The use of scientific information from high-quality research to guide
nursing decisions isreflective of the application of evidence-based
practice.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 7 OBJ: Theory #3TOP: Evidence-
• Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster established the Henry Street Settlement
Service in New York in 1893 in order to:
A. offer a shelter to injured war veterans.
B. found a nursing apprenticeship.
C. provide health care to poor persons living in tenements.
D. offer better housing to low-income families.
ANS: C
Henry Street Settlement Service brought the provision of community health
care to the poor people living in tenements.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 2 OBJ: Theory #4TOP: Growth of
• An educational pathway for an LPN/LVN refers to an LPN/LVN:
A. learning on the job and being promoted to a higher level of responsibility.
B. moving from a maternity unit to a more complicated surgical unit.
C. obtaining additional education to move from one level of nursing to
another.
D. learning that advancement requires consistent work and commitment.
ANS: C
By broadening the educational base, an LPN/LVN may advance and build a
nursing career.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 7 OBJ: Theory #7TOP: Nursing E
• When diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) were established by Medicare in
1983, the purposewas to:
A. put patients with the same diagnosis on the same unit.
B. attempt to contain the costs of health care.
C. increase the availability of medical care to older adults.
D. identify a patient’s condition more quickly.
ANS: B VERIFIED-TEST BANK
, The purpose of instituting DRGs was to contain skyrocketing costs of health
care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 9 OBJ: Theory #10TOP: Health C
• The advent of diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) required that nurses
working in health careagencies:
A. record supportive documentation to confirm a patient’s need
for care in order to qualify for reimbursement.
B. use the DRG rather than their own observations for patient assessment.
C. be aware of the specific drugs related to the diagnosis.
D. acquire cross-training to make staffing more flexible.
ANS: A
DRGs required that nurses provide more supportive documentation of their
assessments and identified patient’s needs to qualify the facility for
Medicare reimbursement. Observant assessment might also indicate
another DRG classification and consequently more reimbursement for the
facility.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 10 OBJ: Theory #10TOP: Managed
• If a member of a health maintenance organization (HMO) is having
respiratory problems suchas fever, cough, and fatigue for several days and
wants to see a specialist, the person is required to go:
A. directly to an emergency room for treatment.
B. to any general practitioner of choice.
C. directly to a respiratory specialist.
D. to a primary care provider for a referral.
ANS: D
Participants in an HMO must see their primary provider to receive a referral
for a specialist inorder for the HMO to pay for the care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 10 OBJ: Theory #11TOP: Managed
• An advantage of preferred provider organizations (PPOs) is that:
A. they make insurance coverage of employees less expensive to employers.
B. there are fewer physicians to choose from than in an HMO.
C. long-term relationships with physicians are more likely.
D. patients may go directly to a specialist for care.
ANS: A
The use of PPOs allows insurance companies to keep their premiums low
and in turn makes insurance coverage less expensive for the employers.
, There are usually more physicians fromwhich to choose than from an HMO,
but long-term relationships between physician and patient cannot be
established easily. Patients still must see their primary physician before
being referred to other specialties.VERIFIED-TEST BANK
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 11 OBJ: Theory #11TOP: Preferred
• After passing the National Council Licensure Examination for Practical
Nurses (NCLEX PN),the nurse is qualified to take an additional certification
in the field of:
A. pharmacology.
B. care of infants and children.
C. operating room technology.
D. community health.
ANS: A
After becoming an LPN, the nurse may apply for additional certification in
pharmacology or long-term care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 7 OBJ: Theory #6TOP: Education
• Nursing interventions are best defined as activities that:
A. are taken to improve the patient’s health.
B. involve researching methods to maintain asepsis.
C. include the family in nursing care.
D. review guidelines for handling infectious wastes.
ANS: A
Interventions are actions taken to improve, maintain, or restore health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 3 OBJ: Theory #2TOP: Art and S
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Detection of
Disease
• Nurse Practice Acts define the legal scope of an LPN’s practice,
which are written and enforced by:
A. American Nurses Association.
B. National Council Licensure Examiners.
C. each state.
D. each health care agency.
ANS: C
Each state writes and enforces the Nurse Practice Act, which defines
the legal scope ofnursing practice.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 6 OBJ: Theory #3TOP: Nurse Pra
,• Women volunteers were organized to give nursing care to the wounded
soldiers during theCivil War by:
A. Florence Nightingale.
B. Dorothea Dix.
C. Clara Barton.
D. Lillian Wald.
ANS: B
The Union government appointed Dorothea Dix, a social worker, to
organize womenvolunteers to provide nursing care for the soldiers
during the Civil War.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: Theory #4TOP: Nursing H
• The nursing theory presented by Sister Calista Roy is based on:
A. reduction of stress.
B. achievement of maximum level of wellness.
C. relief of self-care deficit.
D. adaptation modes.
ANS: D
Adaptation modes (physiological, psychological, sociological, and
independence) are thebasis of the nursing theory of Sister Calista Roy.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 5|Table 1-1
OBJ: Theory #2 TOP: Nursing Theory KEY: Nursing
Process Step: N/AMSC: NCLEX: N/A
• The founding of the Red Cross is attributed to:
A. Lillian Wald.
B. Dorothea Dix.
C. Florence Nightingale.
D. Clara Barton.
ANS: D
Clara Barton founded the Red Cross.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: Theory #4TOP: Nursing H
• The nursing theorist whose practice framework is based on 14 fundamental
needs is:
A. Dorothy Johnson.
B. Jean Watson.
, C. Virginia Henderson.
D. Martha Rogers.
ANS: C
Virginia Henderson’s nursing theory framework is based on 14 fundamental
needs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 5|Table 1-1
OBJ: Theory #2 TOP: Nursing Theorists KEY: Nursing
Process Step: N/AMSC: NCLEX: N/A
• The nursing theory that uses seven behavioral subsystems in an adaptation
model is:
A. Betty Neumann.
B. Sister Calista Roy.
C. Dorothy Johnson.
D. Patricia Benner.
ANS: C
Dorothy Johnson’s practice framework is based on seven behavioral
subsystems in anadaptation model.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 5|Table 1-1
OBJ: Theory #2 TOP: Nursing Theorists KEY: Nursing
Process Step: N/AMSC: NCLEX: N/A
• The Standards of Nursing Practice are designed to direct LPNs to:
A. advance their nursing career.
B. seek a scientific basis for their interventions.
C. deliver safe, knowledgeable care.
D. a leadership role.
ANS: C
The Standards of Nursing Practice are designed to guide the
LPN to deliver safe, knowledgeable care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: Theory #2TOP: Nursing S
• A state’s Nurse Practice Act is designed to protect the:
A. physician.
B. nurse.
C. public.
D. hospital.
, ANS: C
Nurse Practice Acts are designed to protect the public.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: Theory #5TOP: Nurse Pra
• It is appropriate for practical nurses to provide direct patient care to
persons in a hospitalunder the supervision of a:
A. medical assistant.
B. registered nurse on the unit.
C. supervising nurse who is responsible for care on several units.
D. more experienced LPN on the unit.
ANS: B
Practical nurses provide direct patient care under the direct supervision of a
registered nurse, physician, or dentist.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 7 OBJ: Theory #9TOP: Scope of P
• An example of tertiary health care is:
A. hospice care.
B. restorative care.
C. emergency care.
D. home health care.
ANS: A
Tertiary health care includes extended care, chronic disease
management, medical homes, in-home personal care, and hospice care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 11|Box 1-2
OBJ: Theory #8 TOP: Health Care Services KEY: Nursing
Process Step: N/AMSC: NCLEX: N/A
• Which nursing care delivery systems have some nursing schools adopted as
the foundation oftheir education programs?
A. Relationship-based care
B. Team nursing
C. Patient-centered care
D. Total patient care
ANS: A
Relationship-based care appeared in the early 2000s (Koloroutis, 2004) and
emphasizes three critical relationships: (a) the relationship between caregivers
and the patients and families theyserve; (b) the caregiver’s relationship with
him- or herself; (c) the relationship among health team members (UCLA
Department of Nursing, 2015). The motivation behind
, relationship-based care was to promote a cultural transformation by
improving relationships to foster care for the patient. Some schools of nursing
have adopted relationship-based care as the foundation of their nursing
education curriculum.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 9 OBJ: Theory #8TOP: Delivery o
• Which nursing care delivery system has been fully embraced by the nursing
community and is identified as one of the seven QSEN competencies?
A. Relationship-based care
B. Team nursing
C. Patient-centered care
D. Total patient care
ANS: C
Patient-centered care has been described since the 1950s, but came to the
forefront in 2001 when the Institute of Medicine (IOM) targeted six areas for
improvement in the US health care system, including safety, effective,
patient-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable (Cliff, 2012). Patient-
centered care has been fully embraced by the nursing community, and is
identified as one of the seven QSEN competencies (QSEN.org, 2015).
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 18 OBJ: Theory #8TOP: Delivery o
• Which of the following is considered a positive aspect of the Affordable Care
Act?
A. A 38-year-old mother is penalized on her taxes for not
purchasing healthinsurance.
B. A 42-year-old laborer who has chronic kidney disease is
denied insurancecoverage.
C. Jamie, age 24, cannot continue insurance coverage on his
parent’s insurance since he has graduated from college.
D. Maria, age 60, is able to obtain health insurance at a rate that is
manageable on her income.
ANS: D
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is being phased in over
several years. There are positive and negative aspects to this act, and many
people have strong opinions about it. Since 2013 there have been insurance
exchanges, along with requirements for uninsured people to purchase health
insurance. Starting in 2015 people who have failed to purchase health
insurance are being penalized on their income taxes. Provisions in the bill
now prevent denial of insurance to those with preexisting illnesses who
formerly could not buy health insurance, and young adults have been allowed
to remain on their parents’ insurance through age 26. Starting in 2013 affluent
people began paying an extra 3.8% tax on unearned income; drug
, manufacturers and the insurance industry are paying large annual fees to help
cover the overall costs. Costs of the Medicare program will be contained by
reducing payments to hospitals and health care providers. As coverage under
the Affordable Care Act has expanded, the national uninsured rate has fallen
from 16% to 11% of people under age 65 (people over age 65 are generally
have universal coverage by Medicare). People who have benefitted the most
from this coverage include people ages 18-34, blacks, Hispanics, and those
living in rural areas (Quealy and Sanger-Katz, 2014). It is expected that the
emphasis on prevention and coordinated care will produce a shift in nursing
from the hospital to the community. There are many controversial parts of the
bill, and the country is divided about whether the bill should be repealed and
other health care legislation written. What happens in the Congress in the
coming years will determine if all parts of the legislation will remain.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 11 OBJ: Theory #10
TOP: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act KEY: Nursing
Process Step: N/AMSC: NCLEX: N/A
VERIFIED-TEST BANK
• Characteristics of primary nursing include: (Select all that apply.)
A. elimination of fragmentation of care between shifts.
B. evolved in the mid-1950s.
C. planning and direction performed by one nurse.
D. ancillary workers used to increase productivity.
E. the care plan covering the entire day.
F. associate nurses taking over care and planning when the primary nurse is
off duty.
ANS: A, C, D, E, F
Primary care reduces fragmentation of care between shifts. Care is
planned by one nurse to cover a 24-hour period using ancillary workers to
increase the productivity. An associate nurse may take on direction of care
in the absence of the primary nurse.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 8 OBJ: Theory #8TOP: Nursing C
• In 1991, the American Nurses Association (ANA) published the
Standards of NursingPractice. These standards are designed to:
(Select all that apply.)
A. set standards for safe nursing care delivery.
B. define the legal scope of practice.
C. state legal requirements for clinical practice.
D. protect the nurse, patient, and health care agency.
E. regulate the nursing profession.
F. define activities in which nurses may engage.
Skills for Nursing 6th Edition Williams-all
chapters-
Chapter 01: Nursing and the Health Care System
Williams: deWit's Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing, 6th
Edition
MULTIPLE
CHOICE
• Florence Nightingale’s contributions to nursing practice and education:
A. are historically important but have no validity for nursing today.
B. were neither recognized nor appreciated in her own time.
C. were a major factor in reducing the death rate in the Crimean War.
D. were limited only to the care of severe traumatic wounds.
ANS: C
By improving sanitation, nutrition ventilation, and handwashing techniques,
Florence Nightingale’s nurses dramatically reduced the death rate from injuries
in the Crimean War.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: Theory #1TOP: Nursing H
• Early nursing education and care in the United States:
A. were directed at community health.
B. provided independence for women through education and employment.
C. were an educational model based in institutions of higher learning.
D. have continued to be entirely focused on hospital nursing.
ANS: B
Because of the influence of early nNuUrRs iSnIgNGleTaBd.eCrOs,Mnursing education became
more formalized through apprenticeships in Nightingale schools that offered
independence to women througheducation and employment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: Theory #4TOP: Nursing H
,• In order to fulfill the common goals defined by nursing theorists (promote
wellness, prevent illness, facilitate coping, and restore health), the LPN
must take on the roles of:
A. caregiver, educator, and collaborator.
B. nursing assistant, delegator, and environmental specialist.
C. medication dispenser, collaborator, and transporter.
D. dietitian, manager, and housekeeper.
ANS: A
In order for the LPN to apply the common goals of nursing, he or she must
assume the rolesof caregiver, educator, collaborator, manager, and
advocate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 3 OBJ: Theory #2TOP: Art and S
• Although nursing theories differ in their attempts to define nursing, all
of them base their beliefs on common concepts concerning
A. self-actualization, fundamental needs, and belonging.
B. stress reduction, self-care, and a systems model.
C. curative care, restorative care, and terminal care.
D. human relationships, the environment, and health.
ANS: D
Although nursing theories differ, they all base their beliefs on human
relationships, theenvironment, and health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 4 OBJ: Theory #2TOP: Nursing T
• Standards of care for the nursing practice of the LPN are established by the:
A. Boards of Nursing Examiners in each state.
B. National Council of States Boards of Nursing (NCSBN).
C. American Nurses Association (ANA).
D. National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses.
ANS: D
The National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses modified the standards
published by the ANA in 2015 to better fit the role of the LPN. In 2015 the
American Nurses Association (ANA) revised the Standards of Nursing
Practice which contained 17 standards of national practice of nursing,
describing all facets of nursing practice: who, what, when, where, how.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 6 OBJ: Theory #2TOP: Standards
• The LPN demonstrates an evidence-based practice by:
A. using a drug manual to check compatibility of drugs.
, B. using scientific information to guide decision making.
C. using medical history of a patient to direct nursing interventions.
D. basing nursing care on advice from an experienced nurse.
ANS: B
The use of scientific information from high-quality research to guide
nursing decisions isreflective of the application of evidence-based
practice.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 7 OBJ: Theory #3TOP: Evidence-
• Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster established the Henry Street Settlement
Service in New York in 1893 in order to:
A. offer a shelter to injured war veterans.
B. found a nursing apprenticeship.
C. provide health care to poor persons living in tenements.
D. offer better housing to low-income families.
ANS: C
Henry Street Settlement Service brought the provision of community health
care to the poor people living in tenements.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 2 OBJ: Theory #4TOP: Growth of
• An educational pathway for an LPN/LVN refers to an LPN/LVN:
A. learning on the job and being promoted to a higher level of responsibility.
B. moving from a maternity unit to a more complicated surgical unit.
C. obtaining additional education to move from one level of nursing to
another.
D. learning that advancement requires consistent work and commitment.
ANS: C
By broadening the educational base, an LPN/LVN may advance and build a
nursing career.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 7 OBJ: Theory #7TOP: Nursing E
• When diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) were established by Medicare in
1983, the purposewas to:
A. put patients with the same diagnosis on the same unit.
B. attempt to contain the costs of health care.
C. increase the availability of medical care to older adults.
D. identify a patient’s condition more quickly.
ANS: B VERIFIED-TEST BANK
, The purpose of instituting DRGs was to contain skyrocketing costs of health
care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 9 OBJ: Theory #10TOP: Health C
• The advent of diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) required that nurses
working in health careagencies:
A. record supportive documentation to confirm a patient’s need
for care in order to qualify for reimbursement.
B. use the DRG rather than their own observations for patient assessment.
C. be aware of the specific drugs related to the diagnosis.
D. acquire cross-training to make staffing more flexible.
ANS: A
DRGs required that nurses provide more supportive documentation of their
assessments and identified patient’s needs to qualify the facility for
Medicare reimbursement. Observant assessment might also indicate
another DRG classification and consequently more reimbursement for the
facility.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 10 OBJ: Theory #10TOP: Managed
• If a member of a health maintenance organization (HMO) is having
respiratory problems suchas fever, cough, and fatigue for several days and
wants to see a specialist, the person is required to go:
A. directly to an emergency room for treatment.
B. to any general practitioner of choice.
C. directly to a respiratory specialist.
D. to a primary care provider for a referral.
ANS: D
Participants in an HMO must see their primary provider to receive a referral
for a specialist inorder for the HMO to pay for the care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 10 OBJ: Theory #11TOP: Managed
• An advantage of preferred provider organizations (PPOs) is that:
A. they make insurance coverage of employees less expensive to employers.
B. there are fewer physicians to choose from than in an HMO.
C. long-term relationships with physicians are more likely.
D. patients may go directly to a specialist for care.
ANS: A
The use of PPOs allows insurance companies to keep their premiums low
and in turn makes insurance coverage less expensive for the employers.
, There are usually more physicians fromwhich to choose than from an HMO,
but long-term relationships between physician and patient cannot be
established easily. Patients still must see their primary physician before
being referred to other specialties.VERIFIED-TEST BANK
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 11 OBJ: Theory #11TOP: Preferred
• After passing the National Council Licensure Examination for Practical
Nurses (NCLEX PN),the nurse is qualified to take an additional certification
in the field of:
A. pharmacology.
B. care of infants and children.
C. operating room technology.
D. community health.
ANS: A
After becoming an LPN, the nurse may apply for additional certification in
pharmacology or long-term care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 7 OBJ: Theory #6TOP: Education
• Nursing interventions are best defined as activities that:
A. are taken to improve the patient’s health.
B. involve researching methods to maintain asepsis.
C. include the family in nursing care.
D. review guidelines for handling infectious wastes.
ANS: A
Interventions are actions taken to improve, maintain, or restore health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 3 OBJ: Theory #2TOP: Art and S
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Detection of
Disease
• Nurse Practice Acts define the legal scope of an LPN’s practice,
which are written and enforced by:
A. American Nurses Association.
B. National Council Licensure Examiners.
C. each state.
D. each health care agency.
ANS: C
Each state writes and enforces the Nurse Practice Act, which defines
the legal scope ofnursing practice.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 6 OBJ: Theory #3TOP: Nurse Pra
,• Women volunteers were organized to give nursing care to the wounded
soldiers during theCivil War by:
A. Florence Nightingale.
B. Dorothea Dix.
C. Clara Barton.
D. Lillian Wald.
ANS: B
The Union government appointed Dorothea Dix, a social worker, to
organize womenvolunteers to provide nursing care for the soldiers
during the Civil War.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: Theory #4TOP: Nursing H
• The nursing theory presented by Sister Calista Roy is based on:
A. reduction of stress.
B. achievement of maximum level of wellness.
C. relief of self-care deficit.
D. adaptation modes.
ANS: D
Adaptation modes (physiological, psychological, sociological, and
independence) are thebasis of the nursing theory of Sister Calista Roy.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 5|Table 1-1
OBJ: Theory #2 TOP: Nursing Theory KEY: Nursing
Process Step: N/AMSC: NCLEX: N/A
• The founding of the Red Cross is attributed to:
A. Lillian Wald.
B. Dorothea Dix.
C. Florence Nightingale.
D. Clara Barton.
ANS: D
Clara Barton founded the Red Cross.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: Theory #4TOP: Nursing H
• The nursing theorist whose practice framework is based on 14 fundamental
needs is:
A. Dorothy Johnson.
B. Jean Watson.
, C. Virginia Henderson.
D. Martha Rogers.
ANS: C
Virginia Henderson’s nursing theory framework is based on 14 fundamental
needs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 5|Table 1-1
OBJ: Theory #2 TOP: Nursing Theorists KEY: Nursing
Process Step: N/AMSC: NCLEX: N/A
• The nursing theory that uses seven behavioral subsystems in an adaptation
model is:
A. Betty Neumann.
B. Sister Calista Roy.
C. Dorothy Johnson.
D. Patricia Benner.
ANS: C
Dorothy Johnson’s practice framework is based on seven behavioral
subsystems in anadaptation model.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 5|Table 1-1
OBJ: Theory #2 TOP: Nursing Theorists KEY: Nursing
Process Step: N/AMSC: NCLEX: N/A
• The Standards of Nursing Practice are designed to direct LPNs to:
A. advance their nursing career.
B. seek a scientific basis for their interventions.
C. deliver safe, knowledgeable care.
D. a leadership role.
ANS: C
The Standards of Nursing Practice are designed to guide the
LPN to deliver safe, knowledgeable care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: Theory #2TOP: Nursing S
• A state’s Nurse Practice Act is designed to protect the:
A. physician.
B. nurse.
C. public.
D. hospital.
, ANS: C
Nurse Practice Acts are designed to protect the public.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: Theory #5TOP: Nurse Pra
• It is appropriate for practical nurses to provide direct patient care to
persons in a hospitalunder the supervision of a:
A. medical assistant.
B. registered nurse on the unit.
C. supervising nurse who is responsible for care on several units.
D. more experienced LPN on the unit.
ANS: B
Practical nurses provide direct patient care under the direct supervision of a
registered nurse, physician, or dentist.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 7 OBJ: Theory #9TOP: Scope of P
• An example of tertiary health care is:
A. hospice care.
B. restorative care.
C. emergency care.
D. home health care.
ANS: A
Tertiary health care includes extended care, chronic disease
management, medical homes, in-home personal care, and hospice care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 11|Box 1-2
OBJ: Theory #8 TOP: Health Care Services KEY: Nursing
Process Step: N/AMSC: NCLEX: N/A
• Which nursing care delivery systems have some nursing schools adopted as
the foundation oftheir education programs?
A. Relationship-based care
B. Team nursing
C. Patient-centered care
D. Total patient care
ANS: A
Relationship-based care appeared in the early 2000s (Koloroutis, 2004) and
emphasizes three critical relationships: (a) the relationship between caregivers
and the patients and families theyserve; (b) the caregiver’s relationship with
him- or herself; (c) the relationship among health team members (UCLA
Department of Nursing, 2015). The motivation behind
, relationship-based care was to promote a cultural transformation by
improving relationships to foster care for the patient. Some schools of nursing
have adopted relationship-based care as the foundation of their nursing
education curriculum.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 9 OBJ: Theory #8TOP: Delivery o
• Which nursing care delivery system has been fully embraced by the nursing
community and is identified as one of the seven QSEN competencies?
A. Relationship-based care
B. Team nursing
C. Patient-centered care
D. Total patient care
ANS: C
Patient-centered care has been described since the 1950s, but came to the
forefront in 2001 when the Institute of Medicine (IOM) targeted six areas for
improvement in the US health care system, including safety, effective,
patient-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable (Cliff, 2012). Patient-
centered care has been fully embraced by the nursing community, and is
identified as one of the seven QSEN competencies (QSEN.org, 2015).
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 18 OBJ: Theory #8TOP: Delivery o
• Which of the following is considered a positive aspect of the Affordable Care
Act?
A. A 38-year-old mother is penalized on her taxes for not
purchasing healthinsurance.
B. A 42-year-old laborer who has chronic kidney disease is
denied insurancecoverage.
C. Jamie, age 24, cannot continue insurance coverage on his
parent’s insurance since he has graduated from college.
D. Maria, age 60, is able to obtain health insurance at a rate that is
manageable on her income.
ANS: D
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is being phased in over
several years. There are positive and negative aspects to this act, and many
people have strong opinions about it. Since 2013 there have been insurance
exchanges, along with requirements for uninsured people to purchase health
insurance. Starting in 2015 people who have failed to purchase health
insurance are being penalized on their income taxes. Provisions in the bill
now prevent denial of insurance to those with preexisting illnesses who
formerly could not buy health insurance, and young adults have been allowed
to remain on their parents’ insurance through age 26. Starting in 2013 affluent
people began paying an extra 3.8% tax on unearned income; drug
, manufacturers and the insurance industry are paying large annual fees to help
cover the overall costs. Costs of the Medicare program will be contained by
reducing payments to hospitals and health care providers. As coverage under
the Affordable Care Act has expanded, the national uninsured rate has fallen
from 16% to 11% of people under age 65 (people over age 65 are generally
have universal coverage by Medicare). People who have benefitted the most
from this coverage include people ages 18-34, blacks, Hispanics, and those
living in rural areas (Quealy and Sanger-Katz, 2014). It is expected that the
emphasis on prevention and coordinated care will produce a shift in nursing
from the hospital to the community. There are many controversial parts of the
bill, and the country is divided about whether the bill should be repealed and
other health care legislation written. What happens in the Congress in the
coming years will determine if all parts of the legislation will remain.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 11 OBJ: Theory #10
TOP: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act KEY: Nursing
Process Step: N/AMSC: NCLEX: N/A
VERIFIED-TEST BANK
• Characteristics of primary nursing include: (Select all that apply.)
A. elimination of fragmentation of care between shifts.
B. evolved in the mid-1950s.
C. planning and direction performed by one nurse.
D. ancillary workers used to increase productivity.
E. the care plan covering the entire day.
F. associate nurses taking over care and planning when the primary nurse is
off duty.
ANS: A, C, D, E, F
Primary care reduces fragmentation of care between shifts. Care is
planned by one nurse to cover a 24-hour period using ancillary workers to
increase the productivity. An associate nurse may take on direction of care
in the absence of the primary nurse.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 8 OBJ: Theory #8TOP: Nursing C
• In 1991, the American Nurses Association (ANA) published the
Standards of NursingPractice. These standards are designed to:
(Select all that apply.)
A. set standards for safe nursing care delivery.
B. define the legal scope of practice.
C. state legal requirements for clinical practice.
D. protect the nurse, patient, and health care agency.
E. regulate the nursing profession.
F. define activities in which nurses may engage.
