NURS 5315: Exam 5 Concept and Clinical
Condition (etGI System) UPDATED
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, and Dodenum are all part of the Upper or Lower GI System? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Upper GI System
The Small Intestine, Large Intestines, and Colon are all part of the Upper or Lower GI system? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Lower GI System
What is the Biochemical breakdown of food called? - CORRECT ANSWER - Digestion
Transferring small units, with water electrolytes, vitamins, from GI lumen into the blood and
lymph refers to ____. - CORRECT ANSWER - Absorption
When the muscles in the GI tract contact, this refers to ____. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Motility
What is the process that involves the release of water, mucus, and electrolytes such as
hydrochloric acid (HCL) in the stomach? - CORRECT ANSWER - Secretion
Which stimulates bone formation, GIP or GLP1? - CORRECT ANSWER - Gastric
inhibitory protein (GIP)
Which incretin hormone increases fat accumulation? Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) or
Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP)? - CORRECT ANSWER - Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)
Which incretin hormone increases Cardioprotection and Cardiac Output? Gastric inhibitory
peptide (GIP) or Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP)? - CORRECT ANSWER - Glucagon like
peptide 1 (GLP)
,Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) and Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP) do most of the same things
in the pancreas EXCEPT? - CORRECT ANSWER - Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)
increases Glucagon
Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP) decreases Glucagon
In Gastrointestinal blood flow, the Celiac Artery, Superior Mesenteric Artery and Inferior
Mesenteric Artery all stem from what part of the Heart? - CORRECT ANSWER - Aorta
What (4) organs do the Celiac artery feed oxygenated blood to? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Liver
Stomach
Spleen
Pancreas
What (3) organs do the Superior Mesenteric artery feed oxygenated blood to? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Pancreas
Small intestine
Large intestine
What two arteries give blood to the Colon? - CORRECT ANSWER - Superior and inferior
Mesenteric Artery
Blood flows through the gut to the hepatic circulation through which vein? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Hepatic Portal Vein
Which vein receive blood from digestive organ capillaries and delivers it to liver capillaries? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Hepatic Portal Vein
, The hepatic portal vein receives deoxygenated blood from which (3) veins? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Inferior mesenteric
Superior mesenteric
Splenic vein
Blood flows through what part of the liver where reticula endothelial cells removed toxins,
bacteria, and metabolic waste products? - CORRECT ANSWER - Liver sinusoids
A decreased in absorptive capacity of villi and the translocation of gut bacterial flora occurs
during what detrimental period? - CORRECT ANSWER - When there is low perfusion
How does gut bacteria translocate into the bloodstream during periods of low perfusion? -
CORRECT ANSWER - During periods of low perfusion, the villi can die and go through
necrosis. Compromised intestinal barrier may allow gut bacteria to migrate from the intestine to
the bloodstream
Decreased motility in the large intestine and rectum can lead to what GI issue? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Constipation
Normal rate of stool passage, but difficulty with stool evacuation is which Primary Constipation?
- CORRECT ANSWER - Functional Transit Constipation
Which Primary Constipation etiology is described as impaired colonic activity with symptoms of
infrequent bowel movements, straining to defecate, mild abdominal distention, and palpable
stool in the sigmoid colon? - CORRECT ANSWER - Slow Transit Constipation (STC)
Martha just gave birth to her first child vaginally. She is having trouble with anal sphincter
relaxation, what Primary Constipation etiology is she has risk for? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
Which Primary Constipation etiology is characterized by chronic constipation and abdominal
pain? - CORRECT ANSWER - Constipation predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Condition (etGI System) UPDATED
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, and Dodenum are all part of the Upper or Lower GI System? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Upper GI System
The Small Intestine, Large Intestines, and Colon are all part of the Upper or Lower GI system? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Lower GI System
What is the Biochemical breakdown of food called? - CORRECT ANSWER - Digestion
Transferring small units, with water electrolytes, vitamins, from GI lumen into the blood and
lymph refers to ____. - CORRECT ANSWER - Absorption
When the muscles in the GI tract contact, this refers to ____. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Motility
What is the process that involves the release of water, mucus, and electrolytes such as
hydrochloric acid (HCL) in the stomach? - CORRECT ANSWER - Secretion
Which stimulates bone formation, GIP or GLP1? - CORRECT ANSWER - Gastric
inhibitory protein (GIP)
Which incretin hormone increases fat accumulation? Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) or
Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP)? - CORRECT ANSWER - Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)
Which incretin hormone increases Cardioprotection and Cardiac Output? Gastric inhibitory
peptide (GIP) or Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP)? - CORRECT ANSWER - Glucagon like
peptide 1 (GLP)
,Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) and Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP) do most of the same things
in the pancreas EXCEPT? - CORRECT ANSWER - Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)
increases Glucagon
Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP) decreases Glucagon
In Gastrointestinal blood flow, the Celiac Artery, Superior Mesenteric Artery and Inferior
Mesenteric Artery all stem from what part of the Heart? - CORRECT ANSWER - Aorta
What (4) organs do the Celiac artery feed oxygenated blood to? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Liver
Stomach
Spleen
Pancreas
What (3) organs do the Superior Mesenteric artery feed oxygenated blood to? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Pancreas
Small intestine
Large intestine
What two arteries give blood to the Colon? - CORRECT ANSWER - Superior and inferior
Mesenteric Artery
Blood flows through the gut to the hepatic circulation through which vein? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Hepatic Portal Vein
Which vein receive blood from digestive organ capillaries and delivers it to liver capillaries? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Hepatic Portal Vein
, The hepatic portal vein receives deoxygenated blood from which (3) veins? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Inferior mesenteric
Superior mesenteric
Splenic vein
Blood flows through what part of the liver where reticula endothelial cells removed toxins,
bacteria, and metabolic waste products? - CORRECT ANSWER - Liver sinusoids
A decreased in absorptive capacity of villi and the translocation of gut bacterial flora occurs
during what detrimental period? - CORRECT ANSWER - When there is low perfusion
How does gut bacteria translocate into the bloodstream during periods of low perfusion? -
CORRECT ANSWER - During periods of low perfusion, the villi can die and go through
necrosis. Compromised intestinal barrier may allow gut bacteria to migrate from the intestine to
the bloodstream
Decreased motility in the large intestine and rectum can lead to what GI issue? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Constipation
Normal rate of stool passage, but difficulty with stool evacuation is which Primary Constipation?
- CORRECT ANSWER - Functional Transit Constipation
Which Primary Constipation etiology is described as impaired colonic activity with symptoms of
infrequent bowel movements, straining to defecate, mild abdominal distention, and palpable
stool in the sigmoid colon? - CORRECT ANSWER - Slow Transit Constipation (STC)
Martha just gave birth to her first child vaginally. She is having trouble with anal sphincter
relaxation, what Primary Constipation etiology is she has risk for? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
Which Primary Constipation etiology is characterized by chronic constipation and abdominal
pain? - CORRECT ANSWER - Constipation predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome
