ERSC 101 FINAL EXAM Question and answers correctly solved 2025

ERSC 101 FINAL EXAM Question and
answers correctly solved
Hypothesis - correct answer ✔A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
An educated guess


Theory - correct answer ✔well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range
of observations;In science, a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of
the natural world that can incorporate facts, laws, inferences, and tested
hypotheses.


Observation - correct answer ✔Information obtained through the senses.


Law - correct answer ✔A descriptive generalization about how some aspect
of the natural world behaves under stated circumstances


inductive reasoning - correct answer ✔A type of logic in which
generalizations are based on a large number of specific observations.


deductive reasoning - correct answer ✔reasoning in which a conclusion is
reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a
specific case (The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise on
Tuesday morning.)


C. - correct answer ✔Which of the following aspects of the solar nebular
hypothesis explains the fact that the planets lie in the same plane?
A. Gravity caused a cloud of hydrogen gas and dust to contract.
B. The collapse of a cloud caused it to increase its rate of rotation.
C. A rotating cloud flattened out into a disk.

,D. Different temperatures existed at different portions of the disk.


D. The Terrestrial planets formed at a different time from the Jovian planets. -
correct answer ✔Which of the following statements concerning the formation
of the planets is most likely FALSE?
A. The composition of the planets depended on where in the solar nebula they
formed.
B. During the Sun's formation, the light elements such as hydrogen and
helium were removed from the inner solar system.
C. The planets formed by a process of accretion.
D. The Terrestrial planets formed at a different time from the Jovian planets.


B. Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust - correct answer ✔Which of the
following provides the correct sequence of Earth's internal structure from
Earth's center to Earth's surface?
A. Outer Core, Inner Core, Crust, Mantle
B. Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust
C. Crust, Mantle, Inner Core, Outer Core
D. Mantle, Inner Core, Outer Core, Crust


D. Mercury, Mars, Venus, Uranus, Neptune - correct answer ✔Which one of
the following sequences is out of order based on sun-to-planet orbital
distances?
A. Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
B. Mercury, Earth, Mars, Saturn, Neptune
C. Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus
D. Mercury, Mars, Venus, Uranus, Neptune

, A. asthenosphere; lithosphere - correct answer ✔Earth's _______________
is a layer of weaker parially melted rocks that is located below Earth's
_____________.
A. asthenosphere; lithosphere
B. crust; asthenosphere
C. lithosphere; outer core
D. outer core; lithosphere


A.Pluto - correct answer ✔Which of the following is considered a dwarf
planet?
A. Pluto
B. Jupiter
C. Saturn
D. Earth


B. A, C, B, D - correct answer ✔According to the Solar Nebular Hypothesis
there were a series of events that resulted in the producing the properties of
our solar system that we observe today. Organize the events below in a
chronological sequence from first to last.
A. Cloud of hydrogen and helium collapses under the force of gravityB. Dust
and gas in a disk condenses and accretes to form planetesimals C. Increased
rotation causes a disk to form. D. Radiation and solar winds from the new sun
drives light elements out of the inner solar system.
A. A, B, C, D
B. A, C, B, D
C. A B, D, C
D. A D C B