NUR265 EXAM #2 COMPLETE GUIDE WITH QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS| 100% CORRECT
1. What is the base of the heart?
a) Bottom of the heart
b) Top of the heart
c) Middle of the heart
d) Left side of the heart
Correct Answer: b) Top of the heart
Rationale: The base refers to the upper part of the heart where major blood vessels connect.
2. Where is the apex of the heart located?
a) Top of the heart
b) Right side of the heart
c) Bottom of the heart
d) Center of the heart
Correct Answer: c) Bottom of the heart
Rationale: The apex is the pointed end of the heart and is the point of maximal impulse (PMI).
3. Which valves are the atrioventricular (AV) valves?
a) Pulmonary and aortic
b) Mitral and tricuspid
c) Mitral and aortic
d) Tricuspid and pulmonary
Correct Answer: b) Mitral and tricuspid
Rationale: AV valves separate the atria from the ventricles.
4. Which valves are the semilunar valves?
,a) Pulmonary and aortic
b) Mitral and tricuspid
c) Pulmonary and tricuspid
d) Mitral and aortic
Correct Answer: a) Pulmonary and aortic
Rationale: Semilunar valves separate the heart from major blood vessels.
5. What happens during diastole?
a) Heart is contracting
b) Heart is relaxed
c) Heart is beating rapidly
d) Heart is slowing down
Correct Answer: b) Heart is relaxed
Rationale: Diastole is the phase when the heart relaxes and fills with blood.
6. What happens during systole?
a) Heart is relaxing
b) Heart is contracting
c) Heart is at rest
d) Heart is slowing
Correct Answer: b) Heart is contracting
Rationale: Systole is when the heart contracts to pump blood out.
7. What is the correct order of blood flow through the cardiac valves?
a) Tricuspid > Mitral > Aortic > Pulmonic
b) Mitral > Aortic > Pulmonic > Tricuspid
c) Tricuspid > Pulmonic > Mitral > Aortic
d) Pulmonic > Mitral > Aortic > Tricuspid
Correct Answer: c) Tricuspid > Pulmonic > Mitral > Aortic
Rationale: Blood flows through these valves in this specific sequence.
8. What causes the first heart sound (S1)?
,a) Closing of mitral and tricuspid valves
b) Closing of aortic and pulmonic valves
c) Opening of all valves
d) Flow through tricuspid valve
Correct Answer: a) Closing of mitral and tricuspid valves
Rationale: S1 represents the start of systole as these valves close.
9. What causes the second heart sound (S2)?
a) Closing of mitral and tricuspid valves
b) Closing of pulmonic and aortic valves
c) Opening of all valves
d) Flow through the mitral valve
Correct Answer: b) Closing of pulmonic and aortic valves
Rationale: S2 represents the end of systole.
10. Where is S1 best heard?
a) Base of the heart
b) Apex of the heart
c) Left side of the chest
d) Right side of the chest
Correct Answer: b) Apex of the heart
Rationale: S1 is louder at the apex due to the mitral and tricuspid valves.
11. Where is S2 best heard?
a) Base of the heart
b) Apex of the heart
c) Right side of the chest
d) Left side of the chest
Correct Answer: a) Base of the heart
Rationale: S2 is louder at the base due to the aortic and pulmonic valves.
12. What is an S3 heart sound?
, a) Always normal
b) Normal in children, athletes, or pregnant women
c) Caused by valve regurgitation
d) Associated with hypertension
Correct Answer: b) Normal in children, athletes, or pregnant women
Rationale: S3 may be normal in specific populations but abnormal in adults with volume overload.
13. What cadence describes S3?
a) Tennessee
b) Florida
c) Kentucky
d) Georgia
Correct Answer: c) Kentucky
Rationale: The cadence resembles "Ken-tuck-y," indicating an S3 gallop.
14. What is S4 associated with?
a) Valve stenosis
b) MI or chronic hypertension
c) Aortic regurgitation
d) Ventricular hypertrophy
Correct Answer: b) MI or chronic hypertension
Rationale: S4 occurs due to stiff ventricles, often from diastolic heart failure or MI.
15. Which part of the stethoscope is best for murmurs?
a) Diaphragm
b) Bell
c) Both diaphragm and bell
d) Stethoscope edge
Correct Answer: b) Bell
Rationale: Low-pitched sounds like murmurs are best heard with the bell.
16. What type of murmur does aortic stenosis cause?
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS| 100% CORRECT
1. What is the base of the heart?
a) Bottom of the heart
b) Top of the heart
c) Middle of the heart
d) Left side of the heart
Correct Answer: b) Top of the heart
Rationale: The base refers to the upper part of the heart where major blood vessels connect.
2. Where is the apex of the heart located?
a) Top of the heart
b) Right side of the heart
c) Bottom of the heart
d) Center of the heart
Correct Answer: c) Bottom of the heart
Rationale: The apex is the pointed end of the heart and is the point of maximal impulse (PMI).
3. Which valves are the atrioventricular (AV) valves?
a) Pulmonary and aortic
b) Mitral and tricuspid
c) Mitral and aortic
d) Tricuspid and pulmonary
Correct Answer: b) Mitral and tricuspid
Rationale: AV valves separate the atria from the ventricles.
4. Which valves are the semilunar valves?
,a) Pulmonary and aortic
b) Mitral and tricuspid
c) Pulmonary and tricuspid
d) Mitral and aortic
Correct Answer: a) Pulmonary and aortic
Rationale: Semilunar valves separate the heart from major blood vessels.
5. What happens during diastole?
a) Heart is contracting
b) Heart is relaxed
c) Heart is beating rapidly
d) Heart is slowing down
Correct Answer: b) Heart is relaxed
Rationale: Diastole is the phase when the heart relaxes and fills with blood.
6. What happens during systole?
a) Heart is relaxing
b) Heart is contracting
c) Heart is at rest
d) Heart is slowing
Correct Answer: b) Heart is contracting
Rationale: Systole is when the heart contracts to pump blood out.
7. What is the correct order of blood flow through the cardiac valves?
a) Tricuspid > Mitral > Aortic > Pulmonic
b) Mitral > Aortic > Pulmonic > Tricuspid
c) Tricuspid > Pulmonic > Mitral > Aortic
d) Pulmonic > Mitral > Aortic > Tricuspid
Correct Answer: c) Tricuspid > Pulmonic > Mitral > Aortic
Rationale: Blood flows through these valves in this specific sequence.
8. What causes the first heart sound (S1)?
,a) Closing of mitral and tricuspid valves
b) Closing of aortic and pulmonic valves
c) Opening of all valves
d) Flow through tricuspid valve
Correct Answer: a) Closing of mitral and tricuspid valves
Rationale: S1 represents the start of systole as these valves close.
9. What causes the second heart sound (S2)?
a) Closing of mitral and tricuspid valves
b) Closing of pulmonic and aortic valves
c) Opening of all valves
d) Flow through the mitral valve
Correct Answer: b) Closing of pulmonic and aortic valves
Rationale: S2 represents the end of systole.
10. Where is S1 best heard?
a) Base of the heart
b) Apex of the heart
c) Left side of the chest
d) Right side of the chest
Correct Answer: b) Apex of the heart
Rationale: S1 is louder at the apex due to the mitral and tricuspid valves.
11. Where is S2 best heard?
a) Base of the heart
b) Apex of the heart
c) Right side of the chest
d) Left side of the chest
Correct Answer: a) Base of the heart
Rationale: S2 is louder at the base due to the aortic and pulmonic valves.
12. What is an S3 heart sound?
, a) Always normal
b) Normal in children, athletes, or pregnant women
c) Caused by valve regurgitation
d) Associated with hypertension
Correct Answer: b) Normal in children, athletes, or pregnant women
Rationale: S3 may be normal in specific populations but abnormal in adults with volume overload.
13. What cadence describes S3?
a) Tennessee
b) Florida
c) Kentucky
d) Georgia
Correct Answer: c) Kentucky
Rationale: The cadence resembles "Ken-tuck-y," indicating an S3 gallop.
14. What is S4 associated with?
a) Valve stenosis
b) MI or chronic hypertension
c) Aortic regurgitation
d) Ventricular hypertrophy
Correct Answer: b) MI or chronic hypertension
Rationale: S4 occurs due to stiff ventricles, often from diastolic heart failure or MI.
15. Which part of the stethoscope is best for murmurs?
a) Diaphragm
b) Bell
c) Both diaphragm and bell
d) Stethoscope edge
Correct Answer: b) Bell
Rationale: Low-pitched sounds like murmurs are best heard with the bell.
16. What type of murmur does aortic stenosis cause?
