NUR265 EXAM 2 CLASSIFIED 2025 100% CORRECT|
GRADE A (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
1. What is the hallmark diagnostic criterion for acute respiratory failure?
a) Sao2 less than 80%
b) Pao2 less than 60 mm Hg or Paco2 greater than 50 mm Hg with acidemia (pH < 7.30)
c) Increased tidal volume
d) Normal ABG levels
Correct Answer: b) Pao2 less than 60 mm Hg or Paco2 greater than 50 mm Hg with acidemia (pH < 7.30)
2. Which of the following is an extrapulmonary cause of ventilation failure?
a) COPD
b) Asthma
c) Myasthenia gravis
d) ARDS
Correct Answer: c) Myasthenia gravis
3. Which condition is an intrapulmonary cause of ventilation failure?
a) Spinal cord injuries
b) Stroke
c) ARDS
d) Meningitis
Correct Answer: c) ARDS
4. What is the hallmark symptom of oxygenation failure?
a) Tachypnea
b) Dyspnea
c) Cyanosis
d) Hyperventilation
,Correct Answer: b) Dyspnea
5. Which intervention is used to treat oxygenation failure?
a) Provide supplemental oxygen to maintain Pao2 above 60 mm Hg
b) Perform chest compressions
c) Prescribe diuretics only
d) Position the patient in the Trendelenburg position
Correct Answer: a) Provide supplemental oxygen to maintain Pao2 above 60 mm Hg
6. Which of the following is NOT a cause of oxygenation failure?
a) Hypovolemic shock
b) Smoke inhalation
c) Stroke
d) Carbon monoxide poisoning
Correct Answer: c) Stroke
7. What is the primary site of injury in ARDS?
a) Bronchi
b) Alveolar capillary membrane
c) Pleural cavity
d) Trachea
Correct Answer: b) Alveolar capillary membrane
8. Which characteristic is associated with ARDS?
a) Hypoxemia that improves with 100% oxygen
b) Dense pulmonary infiltrates on X-ray ("white out")
c) Cardiac-related pulmonary edema
d) Increased pulmonary compliance
Correct Answer: b) Dense pulmonary infiltrates on X-ray ("white out")
,9. Which intervention is critical in ARDS management?
a) High fluid intake to prevent dehydration
b) Identify and treat the underlying cause
c) Frequent suctioning even without secretions
d) Prescribe antibiotics only
Correct Answer: b) Identify and treat the underlying cause
10. What does the pH range of 7.35-7.45 indicate?
a) Normal blood pH
b) Acidosis
c) Alkalosis
d) Hypoxemia
Correct Answer: a) Normal blood pH
11. What is a common manifestation of hypoxemia?
a) Pallor and confusion
b) Bradycardia and normal ABG
c) Increased lung compliance
d) Normal respiratory patterns
Correct Answer: a) Pallor and confusion
12. Which is an appropriate oxygenation failure assessment technique?
a) Measure respiratory patterns and rate
b) Perform chest compressions
c) Immediate intubation without ABG results
d) Continuous hemodialysis
Correct Answer: a) Measure respiratory patterns and rate
13. Which of these is a major cause of ARDS?
a) Stroke
b) DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
, c) Hypertension
d) Epilepsy
Correct Answer: b) DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
14. What is the appropriate positioning for a patient with ARDS to maximize lung expansion?
a) Prone position
b) Supine position
c) Fowler’s position
d) Trendelenburg position
Correct Answer: c) Fowler’s position
15. Which is a sign of ARDS?
a) Crackles or rales
b) Intercostal retractions
c) Hypoxemia unresponsive to oxygen therapy
d) All of the above
Correct Answer: d) All of the above
16. What causes interstitial edema in ARDS?
a) Increased airway resistance
b) Alveolar capillary membrane injury
c) Pneumothorax
d) Cardiac arrest
Correct Answer: b) Alveolar capillary membrane injury
17. Which condition can cause hypercarbia?
a) Increased tidal volume
b) Retained carbon dioxide in ventilation failure
c) Increased atmospheric oxygen
d) Ventilation-perfusion mismatch only
Correct Answer: b) Retained carbon dioxide in ventilation failure
GRADE A (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
1. What is the hallmark diagnostic criterion for acute respiratory failure?
a) Sao2 less than 80%
b) Pao2 less than 60 mm Hg or Paco2 greater than 50 mm Hg with acidemia (pH < 7.30)
c) Increased tidal volume
d) Normal ABG levels
Correct Answer: b) Pao2 less than 60 mm Hg or Paco2 greater than 50 mm Hg with acidemia (pH < 7.30)
2. Which of the following is an extrapulmonary cause of ventilation failure?
a) COPD
b) Asthma
c) Myasthenia gravis
d) ARDS
Correct Answer: c) Myasthenia gravis
3. Which condition is an intrapulmonary cause of ventilation failure?
a) Spinal cord injuries
b) Stroke
c) ARDS
d) Meningitis
Correct Answer: c) ARDS
4. What is the hallmark symptom of oxygenation failure?
a) Tachypnea
b) Dyspnea
c) Cyanosis
d) Hyperventilation
,Correct Answer: b) Dyspnea
5. Which intervention is used to treat oxygenation failure?
a) Provide supplemental oxygen to maintain Pao2 above 60 mm Hg
b) Perform chest compressions
c) Prescribe diuretics only
d) Position the patient in the Trendelenburg position
Correct Answer: a) Provide supplemental oxygen to maintain Pao2 above 60 mm Hg
6. Which of the following is NOT a cause of oxygenation failure?
a) Hypovolemic shock
b) Smoke inhalation
c) Stroke
d) Carbon monoxide poisoning
Correct Answer: c) Stroke
7. What is the primary site of injury in ARDS?
a) Bronchi
b) Alveolar capillary membrane
c) Pleural cavity
d) Trachea
Correct Answer: b) Alveolar capillary membrane
8. Which characteristic is associated with ARDS?
a) Hypoxemia that improves with 100% oxygen
b) Dense pulmonary infiltrates on X-ray ("white out")
c) Cardiac-related pulmonary edema
d) Increased pulmonary compliance
Correct Answer: b) Dense pulmonary infiltrates on X-ray ("white out")
,9. Which intervention is critical in ARDS management?
a) High fluid intake to prevent dehydration
b) Identify and treat the underlying cause
c) Frequent suctioning even without secretions
d) Prescribe antibiotics only
Correct Answer: b) Identify and treat the underlying cause
10. What does the pH range of 7.35-7.45 indicate?
a) Normal blood pH
b) Acidosis
c) Alkalosis
d) Hypoxemia
Correct Answer: a) Normal blood pH
11. What is a common manifestation of hypoxemia?
a) Pallor and confusion
b) Bradycardia and normal ABG
c) Increased lung compliance
d) Normal respiratory patterns
Correct Answer: a) Pallor and confusion
12. Which is an appropriate oxygenation failure assessment technique?
a) Measure respiratory patterns and rate
b) Perform chest compressions
c) Immediate intubation without ABG results
d) Continuous hemodialysis
Correct Answer: a) Measure respiratory patterns and rate
13. Which of these is a major cause of ARDS?
a) Stroke
b) DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
, c) Hypertension
d) Epilepsy
Correct Answer: b) DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
14. What is the appropriate positioning for a patient with ARDS to maximize lung expansion?
a) Prone position
b) Supine position
c) Fowler’s position
d) Trendelenburg position
Correct Answer: c) Fowler’s position
15. Which is a sign of ARDS?
a) Crackles or rales
b) Intercostal retractions
c) Hypoxemia unresponsive to oxygen therapy
d) All of the above
Correct Answer: d) All of the above
16. What causes interstitial edema in ARDS?
a) Increased airway resistance
b) Alveolar capillary membrane injury
c) Pneumothorax
d) Cardiac arrest
Correct Answer: b) Alveolar capillary membrane injury
17. Which condition can cause hypercarbia?
a) Increased tidal volume
b) Retained carbon dioxide in ventilation failure
c) Increased atmospheric oxygen
d) Ventilation-perfusion mismatch only
Correct Answer: b) Retained carbon dioxide in ventilation failure
