CCRP Nutritional Management Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025 (Already Passed)
Macronutrient - Answers nutrients which provide energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat
Micronutrient - Answers includes macro minerals, organic
acids, trace minerals, and vitamins
Food plans/patterns - Answers ways of grouping types of food in consistent pattern - Mediterranean diet
pattern, DASH plan, ATP III Dietary guidelines, vegetarianism (including vegan)
Nutraceutical - Answers nutrients consumed not within food via supplementation
Functional foods - Answers foods that have had nutrients not normally found or in high quantity added
to the food
What study showed the progressive relationship between saturated fat (SF) intake and CVD death was
observed - Answers The Seven Centuries Study
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics has long recommended the emphasis on what? - Answers Total diet
and overall food patterns, this keeps foods from being demonized and encourage greater variety, higher
nutrients, and increases compliance
External influences on food choices include - Answers cultural context, historical experience, belief
systems, food supply, and socioeconomic status.
Internal influences include both - Answers physiological and emotional responses to food. Taste and
preference have genetic and environmental origins.
Food choices include - Answers Pattern, Nutrient and Volume
are limited checklists of foods and beverages with a frequency response section for patients to report
how often each item was consumed over a specified period of time - Answers Food Frequency
Questionnaires (FFQ)
Which tools yield a precise analysis of nutrient content? - Answers diet histories, diet records, and 24-
hour recalls
Disadvantages: time intensive, need trained professional
Name examples of tools that measure consistency with a diet plan/pattern that is to be taught or
prescribed. These tools are helpful or evaluating diet quality as well as behavior change, compliance, or
nutrition education. - Answers MEDAS, MedDietScore, DASH Adherence Score19
,Name the advantages of self-administered food frequency questionaires and/or screeners - Answers
both brief and extended, may be evaluated by a variety of health care personnel.
Evidence based nutrition recommendations for CVD: fruits and vegetables - Answers -Epidemiological
studies indicate an inverse
association between plant-based foods and CVD
-Evidence suggests that the
benefit of fruits and vegetables may be due to:
• Micronutrients, fiber and phytochemicals
• Potentially enhanced bioavailability in food form
• Replacement of less healthy diet components23
______________ are complex
group of secondary plant metabolites. ___________
rich food consumption may offer a protective effect
on CVD and is associated with a reduction of CVD in
humans and animals. - Answers Polyphenols
True or False
Supplementation of Vitamins C and E, Beta-carotene
and Co-enzyme Q-10 demonstrates decreased risk of CVD events. - Answers False
,NIH State of Science Conference on Vitamin and Mineral
Supplementation and chronic disease prevention
concluded there is not enough evidence for or
against supplementation of antioxidants
What did the Nurses' Health Study26 find concerning
nut consumption and CHD events. - Answers Women who ate greater than 50 nuts per week had
significantly lower risk than non-consumers.
Name the components of nuts thought to be beneficial in reduction of CVD risk: - Answers
monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, high in arginine and low in lysine, fiber, tocopherols,
folic acid, magnesium, copper, flavonoids, and plant sterols.
Nurses' Health Study, Women's Health Study, Cardiac Risk Development in Young Adults Study, N Hanes
Survey, and N Hanes follow-up all found what about fiber? - Answers the highest intakes of total or
soluble fiber were associated with reduced risk of CHD and CVA.27 The Nurses' Health Study specifically
found an inverse relationship between fiber intake and fatal and nonfatal cardiac events.
How does alcohol prolong blood clot formation? - Answers Alcohol beneficially prolongs blood clot
formation by lowering levels of fibrinogen and protein type plasminogen activator.
People who drink alcohol at a rate of 1-2 drinks a week have approximately have _____ lower relative
risk of CVD death - Answers 1-2 drinks approximately have 35% lower relative risk for
persons who consumed various endpoints including
CVN mortality, CVD, fatal and non-fatal MI, and
CHD.28 But in a Danish cohort, consumption of a
larger amount of alcohol (3-5 drinks/day) increased
CVD mortality by 35%.
, What types of foods should be avoided (protein): - Answers Processed Meats
When specific types of meat were examined, processed meats were associated with higher CVD risk,
even when SFA content was controlled. Meats (processed and unprocessed)
were associated with higher CVD risk than when
these foods replaced low fat dairy, nuts, and fish
What types of foods should be avoided (grains): - Answers Refined Carbohydrates
Sugar may increase blood pressure and weight gain, both risk factors for heart disease, or it may raise
bad cholesterol and triglycerides and lower good cholesterol. Sugar may also increase insulin resistance,
a factor in diabetes, or increase fat accumulation in the liver
What types of food should be avoided (fats): - Answers The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 and
the
Institute of Medicine recommend that individuals
keep trans fatty acid consumption as low as
possible.
Natural Trans Fats (nTFA) - Answers found in small amounts in the fatty parts of meat and dairy
products.
Artifical Trans Fats (rTFA) - Answers comes from foods that contain partially hydrogenated oil and is
formed when hydrogen is added to liquid oil turning it into solid fat. Food manufacturers use rTFA in
food products because it is inexpensive and it increases the food's shelf life, stability, and texture
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PuFa N-3 and N-6) - Answers There is an inverse relationship observed in
patients
who consumed N-3 PUFA in foods: a 30−45%
reduction in fatal myocardial infarctions.
Macronutrient - Answers nutrients which provide energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat
Micronutrient - Answers includes macro minerals, organic
acids, trace minerals, and vitamins
Food plans/patterns - Answers ways of grouping types of food in consistent pattern - Mediterranean diet
pattern, DASH plan, ATP III Dietary guidelines, vegetarianism (including vegan)
Nutraceutical - Answers nutrients consumed not within food via supplementation
Functional foods - Answers foods that have had nutrients not normally found or in high quantity added
to the food
What study showed the progressive relationship between saturated fat (SF) intake and CVD death was
observed - Answers The Seven Centuries Study
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics has long recommended the emphasis on what? - Answers Total diet
and overall food patterns, this keeps foods from being demonized and encourage greater variety, higher
nutrients, and increases compliance
External influences on food choices include - Answers cultural context, historical experience, belief
systems, food supply, and socioeconomic status.
Internal influences include both - Answers physiological and emotional responses to food. Taste and
preference have genetic and environmental origins.
Food choices include - Answers Pattern, Nutrient and Volume
are limited checklists of foods and beverages with a frequency response section for patients to report
how often each item was consumed over a specified period of time - Answers Food Frequency
Questionnaires (FFQ)
Which tools yield a precise analysis of nutrient content? - Answers diet histories, diet records, and 24-
hour recalls
Disadvantages: time intensive, need trained professional
Name examples of tools that measure consistency with a diet plan/pattern that is to be taught or
prescribed. These tools are helpful or evaluating diet quality as well as behavior change, compliance, or
nutrition education. - Answers MEDAS, MedDietScore, DASH Adherence Score19
,Name the advantages of self-administered food frequency questionaires and/or screeners - Answers
both brief and extended, may be evaluated by a variety of health care personnel.
Evidence based nutrition recommendations for CVD: fruits and vegetables - Answers -Epidemiological
studies indicate an inverse
association between plant-based foods and CVD
-Evidence suggests that the
benefit of fruits and vegetables may be due to:
• Micronutrients, fiber and phytochemicals
• Potentially enhanced bioavailability in food form
• Replacement of less healthy diet components23
______________ are complex
group of secondary plant metabolites. ___________
rich food consumption may offer a protective effect
on CVD and is associated with a reduction of CVD in
humans and animals. - Answers Polyphenols
True or False
Supplementation of Vitamins C and E, Beta-carotene
and Co-enzyme Q-10 demonstrates decreased risk of CVD events. - Answers False
,NIH State of Science Conference on Vitamin and Mineral
Supplementation and chronic disease prevention
concluded there is not enough evidence for or
against supplementation of antioxidants
What did the Nurses' Health Study26 find concerning
nut consumption and CHD events. - Answers Women who ate greater than 50 nuts per week had
significantly lower risk than non-consumers.
Name the components of nuts thought to be beneficial in reduction of CVD risk: - Answers
monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, high in arginine and low in lysine, fiber, tocopherols,
folic acid, magnesium, copper, flavonoids, and plant sterols.
Nurses' Health Study, Women's Health Study, Cardiac Risk Development in Young Adults Study, N Hanes
Survey, and N Hanes follow-up all found what about fiber? - Answers the highest intakes of total or
soluble fiber were associated with reduced risk of CHD and CVA.27 The Nurses' Health Study specifically
found an inverse relationship between fiber intake and fatal and nonfatal cardiac events.
How does alcohol prolong blood clot formation? - Answers Alcohol beneficially prolongs blood clot
formation by lowering levels of fibrinogen and protein type plasminogen activator.
People who drink alcohol at a rate of 1-2 drinks a week have approximately have _____ lower relative
risk of CVD death - Answers 1-2 drinks approximately have 35% lower relative risk for
persons who consumed various endpoints including
CVN mortality, CVD, fatal and non-fatal MI, and
CHD.28 But in a Danish cohort, consumption of a
larger amount of alcohol (3-5 drinks/day) increased
CVD mortality by 35%.
, What types of foods should be avoided (protein): - Answers Processed Meats
When specific types of meat were examined, processed meats were associated with higher CVD risk,
even when SFA content was controlled. Meats (processed and unprocessed)
were associated with higher CVD risk than when
these foods replaced low fat dairy, nuts, and fish
What types of foods should be avoided (grains): - Answers Refined Carbohydrates
Sugar may increase blood pressure and weight gain, both risk factors for heart disease, or it may raise
bad cholesterol and triglycerides and lower good cholesterol. Sugar may also increase insulin resistance,
a factor in diabetes, or increase fat accumulation in the liver
What types of food should be avoided (fats): - Answers The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 and
the
Institute of Medicine recommend that individuals
keep trans fatty acid consumption as low as
possible.
Natural Trans Fats (nTFA) - Answers found in small amounts in the fatty parts of meat and dairy
products.
Artifical Trans Fats (rTFA) - Answers comes from foods that contain partially hydrogenated oil and is
formed when hydrogen is added to liquid oil turning it into solid fat. Food manufacturers use rTFA in
food products because it is inexpensive and it increases the food's shelf life, stability, and texture
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PuFa N-3 and N-6) - Answers There is an inverse relationship observed in
patients
who consumed N-3 PUFA in foods: a 30−45%
reduction in fatal myocardial infarctions.
