RSK4801 EXAM PACK LATEST 2025-2026
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS| ACE
THE TEST
What is the fluid and electrolyte shift during the emergent phase? -
Answer-sodium and water moves into the interstitial space as the
capillary walls become more permeable caused by hypovolemic shock
What is an example of third spacing in burn patients? - Answer-blister
formation
What occurs if hypovolemic shock isn't corrected? - Answer-refractory
shock and death may result
What electrolyte shift occurs first and what follows after? - Answer-
potassium because injured cells and hemolyzed RBC release potassium
into circulation and sodium moves into the interstitial space until edema
formation ends
What can be done to restore circulation to compromised extremities or
to improve chest expansion? - Answer-escharotomy
What should be done for patients with burns greater than 30% TBSA?
15%? - Answer-central line for fluid and drug administration and blood
sampling
,15% - 2 large bore IVs
When should an arterial line be placed? - Answer-frequent ABGs or
invasive BP monitoring is needed
What is the Parkland (Baxter) formula? - Answer-4 mL x kg x %TBSA
1/2 of total in first 8hr
1/4 of total in second 8hr
1/4 of total in third 8hr
When does the acute phase begin?
end? - Answer-mobilization of extracellular fluid and subsequent
diuresis ends when partial-thickness wounds are healed or full-thickness
burns are covered by skin grafts which may take weeks or months
What occurs during the acute phase? - Answer-- bowel sounds return
- patient more aware of the enormity of the situation
- necrotic tissue begins to slough
- continue to replace fluids and debridement
- give tetanus shot for risk of anaerobic burn wound contamination
- PT/OT begins
When may hyperkalemia occur? - Answer-renal failure
,adrenocortical insufficiency
massive deep muscle injury
When may hypokalemia occur? - Answer-vomit/diarrhea
prolonged GI suction
IV therapy without potassium supplementation
massive deep muscle injury
What is the nutrition during the acute phase? - Answer-initially NPO,
then high protein & calorie diet
don't give ice chips or free water because it can lead to electrolyte
imbalance
When does the rehabilitative phase begin? - Answer-when the patient's
wounds have nearly healed, and they are engaged in some level of self-
care
may happen as early as 2 weeks or 7-8 months after a major burn injury
What is the most common complication during this phase? - Answer-
skin and joint contractures
hypertrophic scarring
What occurs during this phase? - Answer-education about wound care
, prevent contractures
assess risk for scarring
discuss possible reconstructive surgery
What is azotemia? - Answer-an accumulation of nitrogenous waste
products (urea, nitrogen, creatinine) in the blood
What does RIFLE stand for? - Answer-Risk
Injury
Failure
Loss
ESRD
When does oliguria occur in AKI? - Answer-1 to 7 days of the injury to
the kidneys
if the cause is ischemia, within 24 hours
What do casts form from? - Answer-mucoprotein impressions of
necrotic renal tubular epithelial cells, which slough into the tubules
What might proteinuria in AKI be related to? - Answer-glomerular
membrane dysfunction
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS| ACE
THE TEST
What is the fluid and electrolyte shift during the emergent phase? -
Answer-sodium and water moves into the interstitial space as the
capillary walls become more permeable caused by hypovolemic shock
What is an example of third spacing in burn patients? - Answer-blister
formation
What occurs if hypovolemic shock isn't corrected? - Answer-refractory
shock and death may result
What electrolyte shift occurs first and what follows after? - Answer-
potassium because injured cells and hemolyzed RBC release potassium
into circulation and sodium moves into the interstitial space until edema
formation ends
What can be done to restore circulation to compromised extremities or
to improve chest expansion? - Answer-escharotomy
What should be done for patients with burns greater than 30% TBSA?
15%? - Answer-central line for fluid and drug administration and blood
sampling
,15% - 2 large bore IVs
When should an arterial line be placed? - Answer-frequent ABGs or
invasive BP monitoring is needed
What is the Parkland (Baxter) formula? - Answer-4 mL x kg x %TBSA
1/2 of total in first 8hr
1/4 of total in second 8hr
1/4 of total in third 8hr
When does the acute phase begin?
end? - Answer-mobilization of extracellular fluid and subsequent
diuresis ends when partial-thickness wounds are healed or full-thickness
burns are covered by skin grafts which may take weeks or months
What occurs during the acute phase? - Answer-- bowel sounds return
- patient more aware of the enormity of the situation
- necrotic tissue begins to slough
- continue to replace fluids and debridement
- give tetanus shot for risk of anaerobic burn wound contamination
- PT/OT begins
When may hyperkalemia occur? - Answer-renal failure
,adrenocortical insufficiency
massive deep muscle injury
When may hypokalemia occur? - Answer-vomit/diarrhea
prolonged GI suction
IV therapy without potassium supplementation
massive deep muscle injury
What is the nutrition during the acute phase? - Answer-initially NPO,
then high protein & calorie diet
don't give ice chips or free water because it can lead to electrolyte
imbalance
When does the rehabilitative phase begin? - Answer-when the patient's
wounds have nearly healed, and they are engaged in some level of self-
care
may happen as early as 2 weeks or 7-8 months after a major burn injury
What is the most common complication during this phase? - Answer-
skin and joint contractures
hypertrophic scarring
What occurs during this phase? - Answer-education about wound care
, prevent contractures
assess risk for scarring
discuss possible reconstructive surgery
What is azotemia? - Answer-an accumulation of nitrogenous waste
products (urea, nitrogen, creatinine) in the blood
What does RIFLE stand for? - Answer-Risk
Injury
Failure
Loss
ESRD
When does oliguria occur in AKI? - Answer-1 to 7 days of the injury to
the kidneys
if the cause is ischemia, within 24 hours
What do casts form from? - Answer-mucoprotein impressions of
necrotic renal tubular epithelial cells, which slough into the tubules
What might proteinuria in AKI be related to? - Answer-glomerular
membrane dysfunction
