Medical Surgical Nursing Chapter 7 Questions and answers

Medical Surgical Nursing Chapter 7 Questions and answers




The nursing student is studying the gate control theory of pain. The student correctly identifies the gate
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control theory of pain as having what characteristic?
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1 The gate control theory suggests that when a large volume of nonpainful stimuli are competing for the gate,
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pain impulses may be blocked.
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2 The gate control theory suggests that all pain impulses are transmitted up the spinal cord.
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3 The gate control theory states that pain impulses can be transmitted only if the spinal cord "gate" is open at
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all times.
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4 The gate control theory states that pain will not be perceived when there is no observable tissue damage. -
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correct answer ANS 1 q q q




Other nonpainful stimuli may treat pain by blocking the pain impulse according to the gate control theory.
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Examples include massage and electrical nerve stimulation. Pain impulses must be of sufficient number and
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strength to be transmitted. Chronic pain, for example, has no clear explanation. It may result from the "gate"
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remaining open at all times. q q q q




When considering factors that may be contributing to a patient's pain, the nurse correctly identifies which
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factor as being the least likely to affect a patient's perception of pain?
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1 Cultural background
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2 Anxiety level
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3 Socioeconomic status
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4 Belief of what the pain could mean - correct answer ANS 3
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Socioeconomic status has no effect on pain perception. A significant amount of data exist correlating cultural
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background, anxiety level, and beliefs regarding pain with pain perception and intensity experienced.
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, The nurse is assessing the patient's pain level. Which physiologic sign would indicate the patient is
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experiencing pain? q




1 Increased respiratory rate
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2 Anxiety
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3 Blood pressure within normal limits (WNL) for patient
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4 Increased temperature - correct answer ANS 1
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Rapid breathing may indicate the patient is sensing discomfort or pain. Anxiety may increase the intensity of
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perceived pain, but it does not cause pain. Blood pressure changes are a common physiologic response to
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pain. Body temperature does not correlate with pain sensation.
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On the first day following bowel resection, the nurse's assessment notes the patient to be awake, alert, and
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moving all extremities. To keep him comfortable, the nurse wants to assess his pain level. What intervention
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will most accurately reveal his pain level?
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1 Measuring the patient's vital signs.
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2 Reviewing his chart to see how much pain medication he has had.
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3 Assessing his discomfort when you assist him to turn and deep-breathe.
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4 Asking him how he feels and to rate his pain. - correct answer ANS 4
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The most significant data regarding a patient's level of pain can be obtained by asking the patient to rate his
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pain on a scale of 0 to 10 (no pain to worst pain ever experienced). The other options will aid in assessing his
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pain, but the patient's description is the most accurate way to assess pain level.
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Two days after surgery, a 64-year-old patient with insulin-dependent diabetes who has had a left below-the-
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knee amputation tells the nurse she has pain in her left great toe. What kind of pain is the patient
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experiencing?

1 Referred
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2 Radiating
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3 Phantom
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4 Psychogenic - correct answer ANS 3
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Phantom limb sensation is a commonly occurring phenomenon following amputation and should be
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evaluated as acute pain. It may spontaneously resolve or persist for several months. Referred pain originates
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in an area anatomically distant from the area it is perceived; this is due to types and distribution of pain fibers
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in body areas. Radiating pain spreads out from the source of the pain. Psychogenic pain is thought to be of
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psychological origin. q