Introduction to Cognitive Science - Chapters
1 & 2 - Exam 1 UPDATED Exam Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Descartes Theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Dualism
Dualism - CORRECT ANSWER - The idea that there are material and mental substances
in the world. It is thought that these two substances can interact... whats happening in your non-
physical mind can interact and make something happen with your physical body
Material Substances - CORRECT ANSWER - -Extended (take up space)
-non-conscious
ex. chairs, trees, road signs, physical human bodies, physical human brains.
Mental Substances - CORRECT ANSWER - Non-extended (doesn't take up space)
Conscious
Ex. soul (DOES have thinking)
Important implications of Dualism - CORRECT ANSWER - (1) Minds cannot be
explained/understood using ANY physical science, including a science of the brain.
(including FMRI scans.. the brain is not the mind)
(2) Minds are "Private" .... they can only be accessed through introspection.
Three arguments in favor of Dualism - CORRECT ANSWER - (1) Minds/ mental states
seem to have different properties than material objects. So they are different kinds of things.
(2) I can imagine my mind existing separately from my material body. So they must be distinct.
, (3) A general argument
"How on Earth could physical stuff DO that???"
Four concerns about Dualism - CORRECT ANSWER - (1) "Inverted Spectrum"
(think of two people looking at the same flower)
(2) It makes the mind too subjective and inaccessible to study
(3) Solipsism
(4) Mind/Body interaction
Introspective Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER - The best attempt to develop a science
of the mind to support the dualist point of view. (popular in the 1800's)
Solipsism - CORRECT ANSWER - The self is the only mind that can be known for
certain to exist.
Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER - An attempt to make the mind as public as possible.
A "Monist" view... all that exists in the spatiotemporal world are physical things.
Ontological Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER - The mind is behavior (the mind is
completely on the outside, it's not hidden. You can directly observe my mind).
Methodological Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER - In studying the mind, all we
should focus upon is publicly available inputs and outputs (behavior).
Behaviorism on learning - CORRECT ANSWER - Classical Conditioning and Operant
Conditioning
1 & 2 - Exam 1 UPDATED Exam Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Descartes Theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Dualism
Dualism - CORRECT ANSWER - The idea that there are material and mental substances
in the world. It is thought that these two substances can interact... whats happening in your non-
physical mind can interact and make something happen with your physical body
Material Substances - CORRECT ANSWER - -Extended (take up space)
-non-conscious
ex. chairs, trees, road signs, physical human bodies, physical human brains.
Mental Substances - CORRECT ANSWER - Non-extended (doesn't take up space)
Conscious
Ex. soul (DOES have thinking)
Important implications of Dualism - CORRECT ANSWER - (1) Minds cannot be
explained/understood using ANY physical science, including a science of the brain.
(including FMRI scans.. the brain is not the mind)
(2) Minds are "Private" .... they can only be accessed through introspection.
Three arguments in favor of Dualism - CORRECT ANSWER - (1) Minds/ mental states
seem to have different properties than material objects. So they are different kinds of things.
(2) I can imagine my mind existing separately from my material body. So they must be distinct.
, (3) A general argument
"How on Earth could physical stuff DO that???"
Four concerns about Dualism - CORRECT ANSWER - (1) "Inverted Spectrum"
(think of two people looking at the same flower)
(2) It makes the mind too subjective and inaccessible to study
(3) Solipsism
(4) Mind/Body interaction
Introspective Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER - The best attempt to develop a science
of the mind to support the dualist point of view. (popular in the 1800's)
Solipsism - CORRECT ANSWER - The self is the only mind that can be known for
certain to exist.
Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER - An attempt to make the mind as public as possible.
A "Monist" view... all that exists in the spatiotemporal world are physical things.
Ontological Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER - The mind is behavior (the mind is
completely on the outside, it's not hidden. You can directly observe my mind).
Methodological Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER - In studying the mind, all we
should focus upon is publicly available inputs and outputs (behavior).
Behaviorism on learning - CORRECT ANSWER - Classical Conditioning and Operant
Conditioning
