NUR 350 Midterm 2 Exam Questions and
Answers.
1. what are arteries are accessible during examination? - Correct Answer temporal,
carotid, brachial, radial, ulnar, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedalis, posterior tibial
2. what three mechanisms do veins rely on to move blood? - Correct Answer
contracting skeletal muscles, pressure gradient, intraluminal spaces
3. what veins are accessible during examination? - Correct Answer external jugular,
internal jugular, superficial arm, deep arm, femoral
4. pericardium - Correct Answer tough, fibrous, double-walled sac that surrounds and
protects the heart
5. myocardium - Correct Answer muscular wall of the heart; does the pumping
6. endocardium - Correct Answer thin layer of endothelial tissue that lines the inner
surface of the heart chambers and valves
7. tricuspid valve - Correct Answer right atrioventricular valve
8. mitral/bicuspid valve - Correct Answer left atrioventricular valve
9. diastole - Correct Answer the ventricles relax and fill with blood
10. prediastolic filling - Correct Answer passive filling phase which occurs due to the
pressure difference between the atria and ventricles
11. presystole or atrial systole - Correct Answer active filling phase, the atria contract
and push the last amount of blood into the ventricles
12. S1 - Correct Answer first heart sound, closure of the atrioventricular valves which
signals the beginning of systole
,13. S2 - Correct Answer second heart sound, closure of the semilunar valves
(pulmonary, aortic), signals the end of systole
14. cardiac output - Correct Answer the amount of blood being pumped by the heart
per minute
15. stroke volume x BPM
16. stroke volume - Correct Answer The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one
contraction
17. preload - Correct Answer the length the ventricle must stretch at the end of diastole
just before contraction
18. afterload - Correct Answer the pressure the ventricles must generate to open the
aortic valve and eject blood
19. what are some developmental considerations for an infant peripheral vascular
assessment? - Correct Answer larger lymph nodes, position of the heart is higher
and more horizontal
20. foramen ovale - Correct Answer connects the two atria in the fetal heart, closes
within the first hour after birth
21. ductus arteriosus - Correct Answer a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses
pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending
aorta, closes within 10-15 hours after birth
22. what are some considerations for pregnant women during peripheral vascular
assessment? - Correct Answer drop in BP due to peripheral vasodilation, edema in
extremities, hemorrhoids, blood volume increases, pulse rate increases
23. what are considerations for older adults during peripheral vascular assessment? -
Correct Answer atheriosclerosis, enlargement of calf veins, loss of lymphatic
tissue, systolic BP increases, left ventricle wall thickens, decreased ability to alter
cardiac output
, 24. what are subjective components of the peripheral vascular assessment? - Correct
Answer leg pain, cramps, skin changes, swelling, lymph node enlargement,
medications, history of vascular problems
25. what do we look for in the extremities during a peripheral vascular assessment? -
Correct Answer colour, temperature, turgor, edema, clubbing, capillary refill, all
pulses, lymph nodes
26. what is the order of a regional cardiovascular assessment? - Correct Answer 1.
pulse and blood pressure
27. 2. extremities
28. 3. neck vessels
29. 4. precordium
30. bruit - Correct Answer blowing, swooshing sound indicating blood flow turbulence;
normally none is present
31. apical impulse - Correct Answer pulsation created as the left ventricle rotates
against the chest wall during systole, located at the level of the fourth or fifth
intercostal space, at or inside the midclavicular line
32. heave or lift - Correct Answer sustained forceful thrusting of the ventricle during
systole
33. thrill - Correct Answer palpable vibration on the chest wall accompanying severe
heart murmur
34. what are expected heart sounds? - Correct Answer S1, S2, Split S2
35. where is S1 the loudest? - Correct Answer loudest at apex
36. what does S1 coincide with? - Correct Answer carotid artery pulse
37. pulse deficit - Correct Answer difference between the apical and radial pulse rates,
signals a weak contraction of the ventricles
38. Where is S2 loudest? - Correct Answer base of the heart
Answers.
1. what are arteries are accessible during examination? - Correct Answer temporal,
carotid, brachial, radial, ulnar, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedalis, posterior tibial
2. what three mechanisms do veins rely on to move blood? - Correct Answer
contracting skeletal muscles, pressure gradient, intraluminal spaces
3. what veins are accessible during examination? - Correct Answer external jugular,
internal jugular, superficial arm, deep arm, femoral
4. pericardium - Correct Answer tough, fibrous, double-walled sac that surrounds and
protects the heart
5. myocardium - Correct Answer muscular wall of the heart; does the pumping
6. endocardium - Correct Answer thin layer of endothelial tissue that lines the inner
surface of the heart chambers and valves
7. tricuspid valve - Correct Answer right atrioventricular valve
8. mitral/bicuspid valve - Correct Answer left atrioventricular valve
9. diastole - Correct Answer the ventricles relax and fill with blood
10. prediastolic filling - Correct Answer passive filling phase which occurs due to the
pressure difference between the atria and ventricles
11. presystole or atrial systole - Correct Answer active filling phase, the atria contract
and push the last amount of blood into the ventricles
12. S1 - Correct Answer first heart sound, closure of the atrioventricular valves which
signals the beginning of systole
,13. S2 - Correct Answer second heart sound, closure of the semilunar valves
(pulmonary, aortic), signals the end of systole
14. cardiac output - Correct Answer the amount of blood being pumped by the heart
per minute
15. stroke volume x BPM
16. stroke volume - Correct Answer The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one
contraction
17. preload - Correct Answer the length the ventricle must stretch at the end of diastole
just before contraction
18. afterload - Correct Answer the pressure the ventricles must generate to open the
aortic valve and eject blood
19. what are some developmental considerations for an infant peripheral vascular
assessment? - Correct Answer larger lymph nodes, position of the heart is higher
and more horizontal
20. foramen ovale - Correct Answer connects the two atria in the fetal heart, closes
within the first hour after birth
21. ductus arteriosus - Correct Answer a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses
pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending
aorta, closes within 10-15 hours after birth
22. what are some considerations for pregnant women during peripheral vascular
assessment? - Correct Answer drop in BP due to peripheral vasodilation, edema in
extremities, hemorrhoids, blood volume increases, pulse rate increases
23. what are considerations for older adults during peripheral vascular assessment? -
Correct Answer atheriosclerosis, enlargement of calf veins, loss of lymphatic
tissue, systolic BP increases, left ventricle wall thickens, decreased ability to alter
cardiac output
, 24. what are subjective components of the peripheral vascular assessment? - Correct
Answer leg pain, cramps, skin changes, swelling, lymph node enlargement,
medications, history of vascular problems
25. what do we look for in the extremities during a peripheral vascular assessment? -
Correct Answer colour, temperature, turgor, edema, clubbing, capillary refill, all
pulses, lymph nodes
26. what is the order of a regional cardiovascular assessment? - Correct Answer 1.
pulse and blood pressure
27. 2. extremities
28. 3. neck vessels
29. 4. precordium
30. bruit - Correct Answer blowing, swooshing sound indicating blood flow turbulence;
normally none is present
31. apical impulse - Correct Answer pulsation created as the left ventricle rotates
against the chest wall during systole, located at the level of the fourth or fifth
intercostal space, at or inside the midclavicular line
32. heave or lift - Correct Answer sustained forceful thrusting of the ventricle during
systole
33. thrill - Correct Answer palpable vibration on the chest wall accompanying severe
heart murmur
34. what are expected heart sounds? - Correct Answer S1, S2, Split S2
35. where is S1 the loudest? - Correct Answer loudest at apex
36. what does S1 coincide with? - Correct Answer carotid artery pulse
37. pulse deficit - Correct Answer difference between the apical and radial pulse rates,
signals a weak contraction of the ventricles
38. Where is S2 loudest? - Correct Answer base of the heart
