QMHA - Mental Disorders STUDY Guide 2025
Mixed state - ✔✔includes symptoms of both a manic episode and a major depressive episode.
Bipolar I - ✔✔having at least one manic episode in a person's life.
Bipolar II - ✔✔having been a more regular occurrence of depressive episodes along with a
hypomanic episode, but not a full-blown manic episode.
Cyclothymic disorder or cyclothymia - ✔✔a diagnosis used for a mild form of bipolar disorder.
ADHD - ✔✔persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity.
Sub-types of ADHD - ✔✔Predominantly hyperactive/impulsive, predominantly inattentive,
combined hyperactive/inattentive
Bipolar or related disorders - ✔✔atypical, dramatic swings in mood, and activity levels that go
from periods of feeling intensely happy, irritable, and impulsive to periods of intense sadness
and feelings of hopelessness.
Manic episode - ✔✔abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood accompanied by
increased energy or activity that substantially impairs functioning.
Hypomanic episode - ✔✔similar to a manic episode, however not severe enough to cause
serious social or occupational problems.
Major depressive episode - ✔✔persistent depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure.
Depressive disorders - ✔✔characterized by a sad, hopeless, empty, or irritable mood, and
somatic and cognitive changes that significantly interfere with daily life.
, Major depressive disorder - ✔✔defined as having a depressed mood for most of the day and a
marked loss of interest or pleasure, among other symptoms present nearly every day for at
least two-weeks. May appear as more irritable than a sad disposition.
MDD causes - ✔✔genetic, biological, and environmental factors.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder - ✔✔children who display a frequent and persistent pattern of
angry or irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness.
Symptoms of ODD - ✔✔angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or
vindictiveness. Frequently resentful, or easily annoyed.
Conduct Disorder - ✔✔persistent pattern of disruptive and violent behaviors that violate the
basic rights of others or age-appropriate social norms or rules, and causes significant
impairment in the child or family's daily life.
Conduct disorder temperamental risk factors - ✔✔difficulties in infancy and below-average
intelligence. Having other disorders including ADHD, learning disabilities, and depression.
Conduct disorder environmental risk factors - ✔✔harsh or inconsistent child-rearing practices
and or child maltreatment. Parental criminality, frequent changes of caregivers, large family
size, familial psychopathology, and early institutional living.
Conduct disorder community risk factors - ✔✔neighborhood exposure to violence, peer
rejection, association with a delinquent peer group.
Symptoms of conduct disorder - ✔✔aggression to people and animals, destruction of
property, deceitfulness or theft, serious violations of rules.
Mixed state - ✔✔includes symptoms of both a manic episode and a major depressive episode.
Bipolar I - ✔✔having at least one manic episode in a person's life.
Bipolar II - ✔✔having been a more regular occurrence of depressive episodes along with a
hypomanic episode, but not a full-blown manic episode.
Cyclothymic disorder or cyclothymia - ✔✔a diagnosis used for a mild form of bipolar disorder.
ADHD - ✔✔persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity.
Sub-types of ADHD - ✔✔Predominantly hyperactive/impulsive, predominantly inattentive,
combined hyperactive/inattentive
Bipolar or related disorders - ✔✔atypical, dramatic swings in mood, and activity levels that go
from periods of feeling intensely happy, irritable, and impulsive to periods of intense sadness
and feelings of hopelessness.
Manic episode - ✔✔abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood accompanied by
increased energy or activity that substantially impairs functioning.
Hypomanic episode - ✔✔similar to a manic episode, however not severe enough to cause
serious social or occupational problems.
Major depressive episode - ✔✔persistent depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure.
Depressive disorders - ✔✔characterized by a sad, hopeless, empty, or irritable mood, and
somatic and cognitive changes that significantly interfere with daily life.
, Major depressive disorder - ✔✔defined as having a depressed mood for most of the day and a
marked loss of interest or pleasure, among other symptoms present nearly every day for at
least two-weeks. May appear as more irritable than a sad disposition.
MDD causes - ✔✔genetic, biological, and environmental factors.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder - ✔✔children who display a frequent and persistent pattern of
angry or irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness.
Symptoms of ODD - ✔✔angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or
vindictiveness. Frequently resentful, or easily annoyed.
Conduct Disorder - ✔✔persistent pattern of disruptive and violent behaviors that violate the
basic rights of others or age-appropriate social norms or rules, and causes significant
impairment in the child or family's daily life.
Conduct disorder temperamental risk factors - ✔✔difficulties in infancy and below-average
intelligence. Having other disorders including ADHD, learning disabilities, and depression.
Conduct disorder environmental risk factors - ✔✔harsh or inconsistent child-rearing practices
and or child maltreatment. Parental criminality, frequent changes of caregivers, large family
size, familial psychopathology, and early institutional living.
Conduct disorder community risk factors - ✔✔neighborhood exposure to violence, peer
rejection, association with a delinquent peer group.
Symptoms of conduct disorder - ✔✔aggression to people and animals, destruction of
property, deceitfulness or theft, serious violations of rules.
