Medical Laboratory Science Exam Questions Answered Correctly Latest Version (Rated A+)

Medical Laboratory Science Exam Questions Answered Correctly Latest Version (Rated A+) Define Standard Precautions - Answers a comprehensive set of safety guidelines for healthcare workers, which include components of both Universal Precautions and BSI Guidelines. Thus "Standard Precautions" is the current terminology and the fundamental premise employed by healthcare personal when rendering care to every patient. The intent of standard Precautions is to protect patients and healthcare workers. PPE - Answers Personal Protective Equipment Ex: gloves, goggles, mask, face shield, eye shield Most important way of preventing both CIA and HAI - Answers Hand Hygiene techniques Define: Sterilization - Answers refers to the killing of inactivation of all living organisms and viruses Define: disinfection - Answers are chemicals used on inanimate objects or surfaces, such as counter tops, floors, instruments, or lab ware, to kill or inactivate microorganisms Define: antisepsis - Answers Are chemicals used on skin or tissue to inhibit growth of microbes. 6 types of lab ware - Answers 1.Bottles 2. Beakers 3. flasks 4. Test tubes 5. Graduated cylinder 6. Pipets Centrifuges: name 3 kinds used in the laboratory - Answers clinical centrifuge serological centrifuge microcentrifuge What is the basic metric unit of distance - Answers meter What is the basic metric unit of length - Answers meter What is the basic metric unit of volume - Answers Liter What is the basic metric unit of weight - Answers grams Convert inches to cm - Answers 1 in. = 2.54cm 3 in = 7.62cm Convert mm to inches - Answers 1 mm. = 0.1 cm 45 mm. = 4.5 cm. Convert g to mg - Answers 1 g. = 0.001 kg 80 g. = 0.08 The marking TD on a pipet - Answers A to deliver pipet is marked with the letters TD near the top of the pipet. This means that the pipet is calibrated to deliver the volume marked on the pipet in a specified time and at a specified temperature when the pipet is emptied by gravity drainage. When used correctly, the TD pipet delivers the specified volume of fluid, leaving a small drop of fluid in the pipet tip. A TD pipet with a frosted band etched around the top of the pipet is called a blowout pipet. What is the difference in serological and volumetric? - Answers Serological- have a total capacity marking near the suction end and are usually labeled TD. Are graduated to the tip, with markings indicating uniform increments. These pipets can be used to transfer total capacity or partial volume. These pipets usually marked TD and have frosted band. Volumetric- have a wide opening on the suctioning end, an oval bulb in the center, and a tapered tip on the dispensing end. Are usually labeled TD and are used when critical measurements are required, such as when preparing standards. Each volumetric pipet is marked and calibrated to deliver only one volume. Volumetric pipets are used by attaching a suctioning aid or pipet filer to the top of the pipet. Prepare 100ml of 0.1 M HCl using 1 M HCl. C1 x V1 = C2 x V2 - Answers (C1)(V1)=(C2)(V2) (100ml)(0.1M)= (C2)(1M). Divide (100ml)(0.1M) by 1M HCl V2= 10ml of 1M HCl is added to 90ml of H2O to make 100mL of 0.1 M Hal solution. Serial dilution - - Answers a sample is dilated a number of times by the same dilution factor Name a preanalytical factor - Answers patient identification procedure Name a analytical factor - Answers use of standards and procedural controls Name a postanalytical factor - Answers entering an incorrect patient identification number in the computer. Accuracy - Answers refers to the closeness of a measured value to the actual value, or true, value Ex: Suppose that the true value for an individual's serum protein is 75 g/L. Then suppose the individuals serum was analyzed three times by another method yielding results of 71g/L, 79g/L, and 75g/L, and all three times by another method yielding results of 66, 69, and 68g/L. Imagine that the true value (75g/L) is the center of a bull's eye target. Accurate values placed on the target would be clustered closely around the true value. The set of analyses of 71, 79, 75g/L would be more accurate than the other set because they are closer to the true value. precision - Answers refers to the responsibility of results or the closeness of obtained values to each other. It can be understood by again examining the two sets of protein values discussed under accuracy Ex: The values 66, 69, 68 g/L vary little from each other, so they are considered show precision. However, they are not near the true value. These values, if placed on the same bull's eye target (where the true value, or target center, is 75 g/L), would be grouped very closely together but would be away from the true value. Define trend - Answers occurs when a series of control values consistently increases or decreases in the same direction for at least five consecutive days. Define Shift - Answers when the control results for at least five consecutive days distributed on the side of the mean, but remains at a constant level. Microscope - Answers Eye pieces, diopter adjustment, Interpupillary distance adjustment, body tube, revolving nosepiece, arm, objectives, stage with side clips, coarse adjustment knob, condenser and iris diagram, fine adjustment knob, mechanical stage controls, Mechanical stage controls, light, base Capillary puncture - Answers Sanitized the middle finger or ring finger with a alcohol wipe, use a lancet to stick the patient, wipe the first set of blood off, the hand should be massaged to increase blood flow, collect the blood in a capilliary tube- should be collected as quickly as possible to prevent blood clotting, capillary tubes should be filled three-quarter full. then wiped the puncture and put a band aid on, cleaned up area. Put sharp objects into the sharps container and cotton balls, alcohol wipe in trash can. Hematocrit, normal values - Answers Hematocrit value varies with the gender and age of the patient. Hematocrits for females are usually lower than for males. Females - 36% - 48% Males - 42% - 52% Hemocytometer, what do we use to read it, rules for counting a square, left/top in, right/bottom out, if the dilution is 1:200, what is the dilution factor? - Answers Use a Microscope The count should begin in the upper left corner of a square and proceed in a serpentine manner. Single, double, or triple boundary lines divide the square. When triple lines are present, the center line is the boundary. When double lines are present, the outer line is the boundary. All cells that lie completely within square, and those that touch the left boundary of the square, are considered