First Aid-USMLE Step 1 High Yield Exam
|| With Questions & Solutions (100%
Accurate)
2024
CONCEPTIAL RESEARCH
,First Aid-USMLE Step 1 High Yield Exam
|| With Questions & Solutions (100%
Accurate)
Bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing - ANSWER - Aortic
regurgitation
"Butterfly" facial rash and Raynaud phenomenon in a young female - ANSWER -
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Café-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma), cutaneous neurofibromas,
pheochromocytomas, optic gliomas - ANSWER - Neurofibromatosis type I,
pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas
Café-au-lait spots (unilateral), polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, multiple
endocrine abnormalities - ANSWER - McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein
signaling mutation)
Calf pseudohypertrophy - ANSWER - Muscular dystrophy (most commonly Duchenne,
due to X-linked recessive frameshift mutation of dystrophin gene)
Child with cervical lymphadenopathy, desquamating rash, coronary aneurysms, red
conjunctivae and tongue - ANSWER - Kawasaki disease (treat with IVIG and aspirin)
"Cherry-red spots" on macula - ANSWER - Tay-Sachs (ganglioside accumulation) or
Niemann-Pick (sphingomyelin accumulation), central retinal artery occlusion
Chest pain on exertion - ANSWER - Angina (stable: with moderate exertion; unstable:
with minimal exertion or at rest)
Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI - ANSWER -
Dressler syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post-MI fibrinous pericarditis, 2-12 weeks
after acute episode
Chest pain with ST depressions on EKG - ANSWER - Unstable angina (troponins −) or
NSTEMI (troponins +)
Child uses arms to stand up from squat - ANSWER - Gowers sign (Duchenne muscular
dystrophy)
Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body - ANSWER -
"Slapped cheeks" (erythema infectiosum/fifth disease: parvovirus B19)
,Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration - ANSWER - Huntington disease (autosomal
dominant CAG repeat expansion)
Chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications - ANSWER - Congenital
toxoplasmosis
Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria -
ANSWER - McArdle disease (skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)
Abdominal pain, ascites, and hepatomegaly - ANSWER - Budd-Chiari syndrome
(posthepatic venous thrombosis)
-Absence of JVD
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, leukocytosis, recent antibiotic use - ANSWER - Clostridium
difficile infection
Achilles tendon xanthoma - ANSWER - Familial hypercholesterolemia (decreased LDL
receptor signaling)
Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC - ANSWER - Waterhouse-Friderichsen
syndrome (menengococcemia)
Anaphylaxis following blood transfusion - ANSWER - IgA deficiency
Anterior "drawer sign" ⊕ - ANSWER - Anterior cruciate ligament injury
Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints - ANSWER -
Marfan syndrome (fibrillin defect)
Athlete with polycythemia - ANSWER - 2° to erythropoietin injection
Back pain, fever, night sweats - ANSWER - Pott disease (vertebral TB)
Bilateral acoustic schwannomas - ANSWER - Neurofibromatosis type 2
Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis - ANSWER - Sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas)
Black eschar on face of patient with diabetic ketoacidosis - ANSWER - Mucor or
Rhizopus fungal infection
Blue sclera, brittle bones - ANSWER - Osteogenesis imperfecta (type I collagen defect)
Bluish line on gingiva - ANSWER - Burton line (lead poisoning)
Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis - ANSWER - Paget disease of bone (osteoblastic
and osteoclastic activity)
, Cold intolerance - ANSWER - Hypothyroidism
Conjugate horizontal gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia - ANSWER - Internuclear
ophthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; may be unilateral or bilateral)
Continuous "machine-like" heart murmur - ANSWER - PDA (close with indomethacin;
open or maintain with PGE analogs)
Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition - ANSWER - Myxedema
(caused by hypothyroidism, Graves disease [pretibial])
Cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasm - ANSWER - Carcinoid syndrome (right-
sided cardiac valvular lesions, 5-HIAA)
Dark purple skin/mouth nodules in a patient with AIDS - ANSWER - Kaposi sarcoma,
associated with HHV-8
Deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation - ANSWER - Kussmaul respirations (diabetic
ketoacidosis)
Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea - ANSWER - Pellagra (niacin [vitamin B3] deficiency)
Dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism or malnutrition - ANSWER - Wet beriberi
(thiamine [vitamin B1] deficiency)
Dog or cat bite resulting in infection - ANSWER - Pasteurella multocida (cellulitis at
inoculation site)
Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis - ANSWER - Sjögren syndrome (autoimmune destruction
of exocrine glands)
Dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia - ANSWER - Plummer-
Vinson syndrome (may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma)
Elastic skin, hypermobility of joints, bleeding tendency - ANSWER - Ehlers-Danlos
syndrome (type V collagen defect, type III collagen defect seen in vascular subtype of
ED)
Enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node - ANSWER - Virchow node (abdominal
metastasis)
Episodic vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss - ANSWER - Meniere disease
Erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells - ANSWER -
Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) or Sézary syndrome (mycosis
fungoides + malignant T cells in blood)
|| With Questions & Solutions (100%
Accurate)
2024
CONCEPTIAL RESEARCH
,First Aid-USMLE Step 1 High Yield Exam
|| With Questions & Solutions (100%
Accurate)
Bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing - ANSWER - Aortic
regurgitation
"Butterfly" facial rash and Raynaud phenomenon in a young female - ANSWER -
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Café-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma), cutaneous neurofibromas,
pheochromocytomas, optic gliomas - ANSWER - Neurofibromatosis type I,
pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas
Café-au-lait spots (unilateral), polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, multiple
endocrine abnormalities - ANSWER - McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein
signaling mutation)
Calf pseudohypertrophy - ANSWER - Muscular dystrophy (most commonly Duchenne,
due to X-linked recessive frameshift mutation of dystrophin gene)
Child with cervical lymphadenopathy, desquamating rash, coronary aneurysms, red
conjunctivae and tongue - ANSWER - Kawasaki disease (treat with IVIG and aspirin)
"Cherry-red spots" on macula - ANSWER - Tay-Sachs (ganglioside accumulation) or
Niemann-Pick (sphingomyelin accumulation), central retinal artery occlusion
Chest pain on exertion - ANSWER - Angina (stable: with moderate exertion; unstable:
with minimal exertion or at rest)
Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI - ANSWER -
Dressler syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post-MI fibrinous pericarditis, 2-12 weeks
after acute episode
Chest pain with ST depressions on EKG - ANSWER - Unstable angina (troponins −) or
NSTEMI (troponins +)
Child uses arms to stand up from squat - ANSWER - Gowers sign (Duchenne muscular
dystrophy)
Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body - ANSWER -
"Slapped cheeks" (erythema infectiosum/fifth disease: parvovirus B19)
,Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration - ANSWER - Huntington disease (autosomal
dominant CAG repeat expansion)
Chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications - ANSWER - Congenital
toxoplasmosis
Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria -
ANSWER - McArdle disease (skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)
Abdominal pain, ascites, and hepatomegaly - ANSWER - Budd-Chiari syndrome
(posthepatic venous thrombosis)
-Absence of JVD
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, leukocytosis, recent antibiotic use - ANSWER - Clostridium
difficile infection
Achilles tendon xanthoma - ANSWER - Familial hypercholesterolemia (decreased LDL
receptor signaling)
Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC - ANSWER - Waterhouse-Friderichsen
syndrome (menengococcemia)
Anaphylaxis following blood transfusion - ANSWER - IgA deficiency
Anterior "drawer sign" ⊕ - ANSWER - Anterior cruciate ligament injury
Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints - ANSWER -
Marfan syndrome (fibrillin defect)
Athlete with polycythemia - ANSWER - 2° to erythropoietin injection
Back pain, fever, night sweats - ANSWER - Pott disease (vertebral TB)
Bilateral acoustic schwannomas - ANSWER - Neurofibromatosis type 2
Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis - ANSWER - Sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas)
Black eschar on face of patient with diabetic ketoacidosis - ANSWER - Mucor or
Rhizopus fungal infection
Blue sclera, brittle bones - ANSWER - Osteogenesis imperfecta (type I collagen defect)
Bluish line on gingiva - ANSWER - Burton line (lead poisoning)
Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis - ANSWER - Paget disease of bone (osteoblastic
and osteoclastic activity)
, Cold intolerance - ANSWER - Hypothyroidism
Conjugate horizontal gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia - ANSWER - Internuclear
ophthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; may be unilateral or bilateral)
Continuous "machine-like" heart murmur - ANSWER - PDA (close with indomethacin;
open or maintain with PGE analogs)
Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition - ANSWER - Myxedema
(caused by hypothyroidism, Graves disease [pretibial])
Cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasm - ANSWER - Carcinoid syndrome (right-
sided cardiac valvular lesions, 5-HIAA)
Dark purple skin/mouth nodules in a patient with AIDS - ANSWER - Kaposi sarcoma,
associated with HHV-8
Deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation - ANSWER - Kussmaul respirations (diabetic
ketoacidosis)
Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea - ANSWER - Pellagra (niacin [vitamin B3] deficiency)
Dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism or malnutrition - ANSWER - Wet beriberi
(thiamine [vitamin B1] deficiency)
Dog or cat bite resulting in infection - ANSWER - Pasteurella multocida (cellulitis at
inoculation site)
Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis - ANSWER - Sjögren syndrome (autoimmune destruction
of exocrine glands)
Dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia - ANSWER - Plummer-
Vinson syndrome (may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma)
Elastic skin, hypermobility of joints, bleeding tendency - ANSWER - Ehlers-Danlos
syndrome (type V collagen defect, type III collagen defect seen in vascular subtype of
ED)
Enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node - ANSWER - Virchow node (abdominal
metastasis)
Episodic vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss - ANSWER - Meniere disease
Erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells - ANSWER -
Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) or Sézary syndrome (mycosis
fungoides + malignant T cells in blood)
