Study Guide
Davis Advantage For Understanding Medical-
Surgical Nursing 7th Edition
By Williams & Hopper
1
, Answers
CHAPTER 1 To Collect Appropriate Data, Identify A Patient
CRITICAL THINKING, Problem, And Determine The Best Possible Plan Of
Action. Clinical Judgment Is Based On Good Critical
CLINICAL JUDGMENT, AND Thinking.
THE NURSING PROCESS Cue
Definition: Significant Or Relevant Data. Not All Data Are
Cues (Relevant), But All Cues Are Data.
AUDIO CASE STUDY Collaboration
Jane Practices Clinical Judgment Definition: Working Together With The Health Team To
Improve Patient Outcomes.
1. Identify And Analyze Cues; Prioritize Hypotheses;
Generate Solutions; Take Action; Evaluate Outcomes; Intervention
Repeat. Definition: Taking Action To Carry Out A Plan.
2. Jane Was Exhausted, Failed A Test, And Was Pulled In
Too Many Directions. She Was Also Crying In Her Car Evaluation
And Had Poor Study Habits And Not Enough Sleep. Definition: Comparing The Outcomes You Expected With
3. Jane’s Resources Included A Good Friend, Sick Time Actual Outcomes. Did The Plan Work? Were Expected
From Work, And Wasted Time Between Classes That Outcomes Met?
She Could Better Utilize. Your Resources Will Be
Vigilance
Different, But They Exist!
4. Critical Thinking—The Why: Jane Uses Critical Definition: The Act Of Being Attentive, Alert, And
Thinking To Determine Why Her Current Plan Isn’t Watchful.
Working. She Thinks Honestly About Her Poor Study
Habits, Her Time- Management Problems, And The CRITICAL THINKING AND CLINICAL
Impact This Is Having On Her And Her Family. JUDGMENT
Clinical Judgment—The Do: Jane Uses Her Thinking To Critical Thinking And Clinical Judgment Both Follow A
Develop And Carry Out A Plan That Uses Her Similar Format. Both Follow Steps From Collecting Data
Resources And Provides More Productive Study Time To Determin- Ing Problems And Outcomes, Developing
And More Quality Time With Her Kids. And Taking Actions, And Evaluating Outcomes. However,
Critical Thinking Helps You Think About The Problem:
VOCABULARY What Is It? Why Is It Happen- Ing? And Clinical Judgment
Sample Sentences Will Vary For The Vocabulary Problems. Leads You To Do Something To Manage The Problem.
Nursing Process CUE RECOGNITION
Definition: An Organizing Framework That Links Thinking
You Will Do Many Things For Each Individual, But The
With Nursing Actions. Steps Include Assessment/Data
FIRST Thing Is Listed Below.
Collection, Nursing Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation,
And Evaluation. 1. Sit The Patient Upright.
2. Call 911 While Running Across The Street.
Critical Thinking
3. Elevate The Feet Off The Bed By Placing A Pillow
Definition: The Use Of Those Cognitive (Knowledge) Under The Calves And Allowing The Feet To Hang Off
Skills Or Strategies That Increase The Probability Of A The Edge Of The Pillow.
Desirable Outcome. Also Involves Reflection, Problem- 4. Check Blood Glucose And Have A Glucose Source
Solving, And Related Thinking Skills. Ready.
Clinical Judgment 5. Turn The Patient To The Side To Prevent Aspiration.
Definition: The Observed Outcome Of Critical Thinking
And Decision Making. A Process That Uses Nursing
Knowledge
,2 Chapter 1 Answers
CRITICAL THINKING
This Is Just One Possible Way To Complete A Cognitive Map.
Hard helps
sugar?
Patient's and
Food helps
Headache
data
is
diabetic scale starts
REVIEW QUESTIONS Taking Vital Signs; Data Collection Is The First Step
In The Nursing Process. (2, 3, 4) Are All Steps In The
The Correct Answers Are In Boldface.
Nursing Process, For Which The Registered Nurse Is
1. (2) Critical Thinking Can Lead To Better Outcomes For Responsible; The LPN/LVN May Assist The
The Patient. (1, 3, 4) May Be True But Are Not The Registered Nurse With These. Nitroglycerin Should
Best Answer. Not Be Administered Without First Knowing The
2. (4) Is Correct. The Nurse Who Can Admit To Not Patient’s Blood Pressure.
Knowing Something Is Exhibiting Intellectual 7. (2) Indicates That The Patient Is Concerned About
Humility. (1) Shows Expertise But Not Necessarily Freedom From Injury And Harm. (1) Relates To Basic
Intellectual Humility; Needs Such As Air, Oxygen, And Water. (3) Relates To
(2) Reporting An Error Shows Intellectual Integrity; Feeling Loved. (4) Is Related To Having Positive Self-
(3) Empathizing Is Positive But Does Is Not Esteem.
Evidence Of Humility. 8. (3, 1, 2, 4) Is The Correct Order According To Maslow.
3. (3, 4, 5, 1, 2) Is The Correct Order. 9. (5, 2, 1, 4, 6, 3) Is The Correct Order.
4. (1) Is The Best Definition. (2, 3, 4) Do Not Define 10. (3) Shows The Patient Is Actually Taking Action. (1,
Critical Thinking But Are Examples Of Good 2, 4) Are All Positive But Do Not Show Intent To
Thinking. Take Action.
5. (4) Is Correct. Evaluation Determines Whether Goals 11. (4) Is The Nurse’s Analysis Of The Situation. (1, 2)
Are Achieved And Interventions Effective. (2) Is The Are Data; (3) Is A Recommendation.
Role Of The Physician. (1, 3) Encompass Data 12. (1, 2, 3, 4) Should Be Present. Since The Data
Collection And Imple- Mentation, Which Are Earlier Provides Only Hip Replacement As The Patient’s
Steps In The Nursing Process. Problem, (5) The Dietitian Is Not Necessary.
6. (1) Is Correct. The Licensed Practical Nurse/Licensed
Voca- Tional Nurse (LPN/LVN) Can Collect Data,
Which Includes
1
, Answers
CHAPTER 2 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE
1. Proof
2. Context
3. Quality
AUDIO CASE STUDY 4. Care
Marie And Evidence-Based Practice 5. Randomized
6. Outcomes
1. Thirdhand Smoke Is The Dangerous Toxins Of Smoke 7. Gold
That Linger On Hair, Clothing, Furniture, And Other 8. Nursing
Surfaces In An Area After A Cigarette Is Put Out. 9. Patient’s
Marie Learned That Exposure To These Toxins Can 10. Information
Be Neurotoxic To Children And Can Trigger Asthma
Attacks In Sensitive People. CLINICAL JUDGMENT
2. Evidence-Based Practice Is Considered The Gold
Standard Of Health Care. 1. By Questioning The Existing Way Of Doing Things
3. Step 1: Ask The Burning Question. Step 2: Search To Ensure That The Patient Receives The Best Care
And Collect The Most Relevant And Best Evidence Possible
Available. Step 3: Think Critically. Appraise The 2. A Thorough Search Of The Literature, With The
Evidence For Validity, Relevance To The Situation, Assistance Of The Medical Librarian, In The Area Of
And Applicability. Their Burning Ques- Tion Regarding Music Reducing
Step 4: Measure The Outcomes Before And After Preoperative Anxiety.
Instituting The Change. Step 5: Make It Happen. Step 6: 3. Cumulative Index To Nursing And Allied Health
Evaluate The Practice Decision Or Change. Literature (CINAHL) Database, Joanna Briggs Institute
4. Combination Therapy With A Nicotine Patch And Evidence-Based Resources, Cochrane Reviews,
Nicotine Lozenges Worked Best, Although Bupropion Medline/ Pubmed
(Zyban) Or Varenicline (Chantix) And Nicotine 4. Measure Patient Outcomes Before Instituting The
Lozenges Worked Well, Too. A Cochrane Review Evidence-Based Change In Practice So Comparisons
Found That Advice And Support From Nursing Staff Can Be Made After Implementation To Determine If
Can Increase Patients’ Success In Quit- Ting Smoking, The Inter- Vention Worked
Especially In A Hospital Setting. 5. Evaluate The Results To Determine Whether The
Change Made A Significant Difference And If It Was
VOCABULARY Valuable In Terms Of Cost And Time
Sample Sentences Will Vary For The Vocabulary Problems. REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Evidence-Based Practice: A Systematic Process That The Correct Answers Are In Boldface.
Uses Current Evidence In Making Decisions About
Patient Care. 1. (3) Is Correct. Providing An Explanation Of Why
2. Evidence-Informed Practice: Consideration Of Patient Some- Thing Is Done Promotes The Understanding
Factors Along With The Use Of Evidence For Shared For Why It Is Important To Be Done And Therefore
Decision Making Between The Health-Care Provider Will More Likely Be Done. (1, 2, 4) Only
And The Patient. Communicate The Need To Perform A Task. They Do
3. Randomized Controlled Trials: True Experimental Not Provide Rationale For The Task To Pro- Mote
Studies In Which As Many Factors As Possible That Understanding Of The Importance Of The Task.
Could Falsely Change The Results Are Controlled. 2. (3) Is Correct. Evidence-Based Nursing Care That Has
4. Research: Scientific Study, Investigation, Or Been Evaluated As Appropriate For An Agency
Experimenta- Tion To Establish Facts And Analyze Provides The Best And Safest Patient Care. (1) Opinions
Their Significance. May Not Be Based On
5. Systematic Review: A Review Of Relevant Research
Using Guidelines.
Davis Advantage For Understanding Medical-
Surgical Nursing 7th Edition
By Williams & Hopper
1
, Answers
CHAPTER 1 To Collect Appropriate Data, Identify A Patient
CRITICAL THINKING, Problem, And Determine The Best Possible Plan Of
Action. Clinical Judgment Is Based On Good Critical
CLINICAL JUDGMENT, AND Thinking.
THE NURSING PROCESS Cue
Definition: Significant Or Relevant Data. Not All Data Are
Cues (Relevant), But All Cues Are Data.
AUDIO CASE STUDY Collaboration
Jane Practices Clinical Judgment Definition: Working Together With The Health Team To
Improve Patient Outcomes.
1. Identify And Analyze Cues; Prioritize Hypotheses;
Generate Solutions; Take Action; Evaluate Outcomes; Intervention
Repeat. Definition: Taking Action To Carry Out A Plan.
2. Jane Was Exhausted, Failed A Test, And Was Pulled In
Too Many Directions. She Was Also Crying In Her Car Evaluation
And Had Poor Study Habits And Not Enough Sleep. Definition: Comparing The Outcomes You Expected With
3. Jane’s Resources Included A Good Friend, Sick Time Actual Outcomes. Did The Plan Work? Were Expected
From Work, And Wasted Time Between Classes That Outcomes Met?
She Could Better Utilize. Your Resources Will Be
Vigilance
Different, But They Exist!
4. Critical Thinking—The Why: Jane Uses Critical Definition: The Act Of Being Attentive, Alert, And
Thinking To Determine Why Her Current Plan Isn’t Watchful.
Working. She Thinks Honestly About Her Poor Study
Habits, Her Time- Management Problems, And The CRITICAL THINKING AND CLINICAL
Impact This Is Having On Her And Her Family. JUDGMENT
Clinical Judgment—The Do: Jane Uses Her Thinking To Critical Thinking And Clinical Judgment Both Follow A
Develop And Carry Out A Plan That Uses Her Similar Format. Both Follow Steps From Collecting Data
Resources And Provides More Productive Study Time To Determin- Ing Problems And Outcomes, Developing
And More Quality Time With Her Kids. And Taking Actions, And Evaluating Outcomes. However,
Critical Thinking Helps You Think About The Problem:
VOCABULARY What Is It? Why Is It Happen- Ing? And Clinical Judgment
Sample Sentences Will Vary For The Vocabulary Problems. Leads You To Do Something To Manage The Problem.
Nursing Process CUE RECOGNITION
Definition: An Organizing Framework That Links Thinking
You Will Do Many Things For Each Individual, But The
With Nursing Actions. Steps Include Assessment/Data
FIRST Thing Is Listed Below.
Collection, Nursing Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation,
And Evaluation. 1. Sit The Patient Upright.
2. Call 911 While Running Across The Street.
Critical Thinking
3. Elevate The Feet Off The Bed By Placing A Pillow
Definition: The Use Of Those Cognitive (Knowledge) Under The Calves And Allowing The Feet To Hang Off
Skills Or Strategies That Increase The Probability Of A The Edge Of The Pillow.
Desirable Outcome. Also Involves Reflection, Problem- 4. Check Blood Glucose And Have A Glucose Source
Solving, And Related Thinking Skills. Ready.
Clinical Judgment 5. Turn The Patient To The Side To Prevent Aspiration.
Definition: The Observed Outcome Of Critical Thinking
And Decision Making. A Process That Uses Nursing
Knowledge
,2 Chapter 1 Answers
CRITICAL THINKING
This Is Just One Possible Way To Complete A Cognitive Map.
Hard helps
sugar?
Patient's and
Food helps
Headache
data
is
diabetic scale starts
REVIEW QUESTIONS Taking Vital Signs; Data Collection Is The First Step
In The Nursing Process. (2, 3, 4) Are All Steps In The
The Correct Answers Are In Boldface.
Nursing Process, For Which The Registered Nurse Is
1. (2) Critical Thinking Can Lead To Better Outcomes For Responsible; The LPN/LVN May Assist The
The Patient. (1, 3, 4) May Be True But Are Not The Registered Nurse With These. Nitroglycerin Should
Best Answer. Not Be Administered Without First Knowing The
2. (4) Is Correct. The Nurse Who Can Admit To Not Patient’s Blood Pressure.
Knowing Something Is Exhibiting Intellectual 7. (2) Indicates That The Patient Is Concerned About
Humility. (1) Shows Expertise But Not Necessarily Freedom From Injury And Harm. (1) Relates To Basic
Intellectual Humility; Needs Such As Air, Oxygen, And Water. (3) Relates To
(2) Reporting An Error Shows Intellectual Integrity; Feeling Loved. (4) Is Related To Having Positive Self-
(3) Empathizing Is Positive But Does Is Not Esteem.
Evidence Of Humility. 8. (3, 1, 2, 4) Is The Correct Order According To Maslow.
3. (3, 4, 5, 1, 2) Is The Correct Order. 9. (5, 2, 1, 4, 6, 3) Is The Correct Order.
4. (1) Is The Best Definition. (2, 3, 4) Do Not Define 10. (3) Shows The Patient Is Actually Taking Action. (1,
Critical Thinking But Are Examples Of Good 2, 4) Are All Positive But Do Not Show Intent To
Thinking. Take Action.
5. (4) Is Correct. Evaluation Determines Whether Goals 11. (4) Is The Nurse’s Analysis Of The Situation. (1, 2)
Are Achieved And Interventions Effective. (2) Is The Are Data; (3) Is A Recommendation.
Role Of The Physician. (1, 3) Encompass Data 12. (1, 2, 3, 4) Should Be Present. Since The Data
Collection And Imple- Mentation, Which Are Earlier Provides Only Hip Replacement As The Patient’s
Steps In The Nursing Process. Problem, (5) The Dietitian Is Not Necessary.
6. (1) Is Correct. The Licensed Practical Nurse/Licensed
Voca- Tional Nurse (LPN/LVN) Can Collect Data,
Which Includes
1
, Answers
CHAPTER 2 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE
1. Proof
2. Context
3. Quality
AUDIO CASE STUDY 4. Care
Marie And Evidence-Based Practice 5. Randomized
6. Outcomes
1. Thirdhand Smoke Is The Dangerous Toxins Of Smoke 7. Gold
That Linger On Hair, Clothing, Furniture, And Other 8. Nursing
Surfaces In An Area After A Cigarette Is Put Out. 9. Patient’s
Marie Learned That Exposure To These Toxins Can 10. Information
Be Neurotoxic To Children And Can Trigger Asthma
Attacks In Sensitive People. CLINICAL JUDGMENT
2. Evidence-Based Practice Is Considered The Gold
Standard Of Health Care. 1. By Questioning The Existing Way Of Doing Things
3. Step 1: Ask The Burning Question. Step 2: Search To Ensure That The Patient Receives The Best Care
And Collect The Most Relevant And Best Evidence Possible
Available. Step 3: Think Critically. Appraise The 2. A Thorough Search Of The Literature, With The
Evidence For Validity, Relevance To The Situation, Assistance Of The Medical Librarian, In The Area Of
And Applicability. Their Burning Ques- Tion Regarding Music Reducing
Step 4: Measure The Outcomes Before And After Preoperative Anxiety.
Instituting The Change. Step 5: Make It Happen. Step 6: 3. Cumulative Index To Nursing And Allied Health
Evaluate The Practice Decision Or Change. Literature (CINAHL) Database, Joanna Briggs Institute
4. Combination Therapy With A Nicotine Patch And Evidence-Based Resources, Cochrane Reviews,
Nicotine Lozenges Worked Best, Although Bupropion Medline/ Pubmed
(Zyban) Or Varenicline (Chantix) And Nicotine 4. Measure Patient Outcomes Before Instituting The
Lozenges Worked Well, Too. A Cochrane Review Evidence-Based Change In Practice So Comparisons
Found That Advice And Support From Nursing Staff Can Be Made After Implementation To Determine If
Can Increase Patients’ Success In Quit- Ting Smoking, The Inter- Vention Worked
Especially In A Hospital Setting. 5. Evaluate The Results To Determine Whether The
Change Made A Significant Difference And If It Was
VOCABULARY Valuable In Terms Of Cost And Time
Sample Sentences Will Vary For The Vocabulary Problems. REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Evidence-Based Practice: A Systematic Process That The Correct Answers Are In Boldface.
Uses Current Evidence In Making Decisions About
Patient Care. 1. (3) Is Correct. Providing An Explanation Of Why
2. Evidence-Informed Practice: Consideration Of Patient Some- Thing Is Done Promotes The Understanding
Factors Along With The Use Of Evidence For Shared For Why It Is Important To Be Done And Therefore
Decision Making Between The Health-Care Provider Will More Likely Be Done. (1, 2, 4) Only
And The Patient. Communicate The Need To Perform A Task. They Do
3. Randomized Controlled Trials: True Experimental Not Provide Rationale For The Task To Pro- Mote
Studies In Which As Many Factors As Possible That Understanding Of The Importance Of The Task.
Could Falsely Change The Results Are Controlled. 2. (3) Is Correct. Evidence-Based Nursing Care That Has
4. Research: Scientific Study, Investigation, Or Been Evaluated As Appropriate For An Agency
Experimenta- Tion To Establish Facts And Analyze Provides The Best And Safest Patient Care. (1) Opinions
Their Significance. May Not Be Based On
5. Systematic Review: A Review Of Relevant Research
Using Guidelines.
