ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR EXAM | QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST 2025-2026 |GRADE
A+ GUARANTEE
Perception - Answer-A process by which individuals organize and
interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their
environment.
attribution theory - Answer-An attempt to determine whether an
individual's behavior is internally or externally caused.
fundamental attribution error - Answer-The tendency to underestimate
the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of
internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others.
self-serving bias - Answer-The tendency for individuals to attribute
their own successes to internal factors and put the blame for failures on
external factors.
selective perception - Answer-The tendency to selectively interpret
what one sees on the basis of one's interests, background, experience,
and attitudes.
, halo effect - Answer-The tendency to draw a general impression about
an individual on the basis of a single characteristic.
contrast effect - Answer-Evaluation of a person's characteristics that is
affected by comparisons with other people recently encountered who
rank higher or lower on the same characteristics.
stereotyping - Answer-Judging someone on the basis of one's perception
of the group to which that person belongs.
self-fulfilling prophecy - Answer-Causing something to happen by
believing it will come true.
decisions - Answer-Choices made from among two or more
alternatives.
problem - Answer-A discrepancy between the current state of affairs
and some desired state.
rational - Answer-Characterized by making consistent, value-
maximizing choices within specified constraints.
rational decision-making model - Answer-A decision-making model
that describes how individuals should behave in order to maximize some
outcome.
, Steps in the rational decision-making model - Answer-1. Define the
problem. 2. Identify the decision criteria. 3. Allocate weights to the
criteria. 4. Develop the alternatives. 5. Evaluate the alternatives. 6.
Select the best alternative.
bounded rationality - Answer-A less-than-perfect form of rationality in
which decision makers cannot be perfectly rational because decisions are
complex and complete information is unavailable or cannot be fully
processed
intuitive decision making - Answer-An unconscious process created out
of distilled experience.
anchoring bias - Answer-A tendency to fixate on initial information,
from which one then fails to adequately adjust for subsequent
information.
confirmation bias - Answer-The tendency to seek out information that
reaffirms past choices and to discount information that contradicts past
judgments.
availability bias - Answer-The tendency for people to base their
judgments on information that is readily available to them.
escalation of commitment - Answer-A human behavior pattern in which
an individual or group facing increasingly negative outcomes from some
, decision, action, or investment nevertheless continues the same behavior
rather than alter course.
randomness error - Answer-The tendency of individuals to believe that
they can predict the outcome of random events.
risk aversion - Answer-The tendency to prefer a sure gain of a moderate
amount over a riskier outcome, even if the riskier outcome might have a
higher expected payoff.
hindsight bias - Answer-The tendency to believe falsely, after an
outcome of an event is actually known, that one would have accurately
predicted that outcome.
utilitarianism - Answer-A system in which decisions are made to
provide the greatest good for the greatest number.
whistle blowers - Answer-Individuals who report unethical practices by
their employer to outsiders.
creativity - Answer-The ability to produce novel and useful ideas.
three-component model of creativity - Answer-The proposition that
individual creativity requires expertise, creative thinking skills, and
intrinsic task motivation.