UNH Biology 412 Final Exam Practice Questions and Answers Solved 100%

UNH Biology 412 Final Exam Practice Questions and Answers Solved 100% The maximum number of individuals of a given population the environment can support is the environment's _____ for that population. A.carrying capacity B.effect on the intrinsic growth rate C.population size D.effect on the exponential growth rate - Answers Carrying Capacity A severe drought is an example of a density-_____ factor that can influence population size. The availability of nest sites is an example of a density-_____ factor. A.dependent; independent B.independent; dependent C.dependent; dependent D.independent; independent - Answers independent; dependent When a population is small relative to its carrying capacity, its growth will be: A.geometric. B.exponential. C.logistic. D.both geometric and exponential.E.both geometric and logistic. - Answers exponential A scientist is studying a population of kangaroo rats in the southwestern deserts of the United States. For approximately 4 years the population remains at or near 125 individuals. In the fifth year, it falls to 30. This sharp decrease in population size is most likely the result of density-_____ factors. A.dependent B.independent - Answers independent The term (ΔN/N0)/Δt (where N denotes the size of a population and t represents time) is used to calculate: A.a habitat's carrying capacity. B.the "available" percentage of a habitat's carrying capacity. C.a population's density. D.a population's specific growth rate. - Answers a population's specific growth rate The common mud turtle experiences relatively uniform mortality rates throughout its life. It exhibits Type _____ survivorship. A.I B.II C.III - Answers II ____ is the proportion of individuals of an initial cohort that survives to each successive age or stage of the life cycle. A.Survivorship B.Mortality C.Age structure D.Demography - Answers Survivorship A large population made up of smaller populations linked by migration is a: A.colonization. B.island founder event. C.metapopulation. D.habitat patch. - Answers metapopulation Both the land area (size) of an island and the _____ contribute to species diversity. A.depth of the water surrounding the island B.distance of the island from neighboring land masses C.rock composition of the island D.climate of the island E.proximity of the island to the equator - Answers distance of the island from neighboring land masses A group of biologists want to estimate a population of beetles living in an area around a pond. They capture and mark 500 beetles, then release them on the first day. They return the following day and catch a total of 400 individuals, 200 of which are marked. What is the estimated population size for the beetles? A.10,000 B.1000 C.500 D.250 - Answers 1,000 The coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) occurs naturally in a strip of habitat about 450 miles long and 5-35 miles wide, from southwest Oregon along the coast to just south of Monterey, California. What aspect of the population ecology of the coast redwood does this statement describe? A.geographic range B.population density C.population size D.type of distribution - Answers geographic range Prairie dogs are rodents that live in colonies. Black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies typically have around 12 adult animals per hectare. What aspect of the population ecology of the black-tailed prairie dog does this statement describe? A.population density B.population size C.population growth D.life history - Answers population density The figures represent three hypothetical populations; each circle is an individual. Select the type of distribution where food is most abundant near waterholes in the desert. A.diagram A B.diagram B C.diagram C - Answers diagram B In 1987, 18 black-footed ferrets, the last known individuals of this species, were captured and brought into a captive breeding program in Wyoming. In 1989, the total ferret population, still in captivity, was 120 animals. These 120 animals in 1989 represented: A.N, the total population size. B.ΔN, the change in population size from 1987 to 1989. C.ΔN/Δt, the rate of change in population size. D.r, the per capita change in population size. E.r, the exponential rate of growth of the population. - Answers N, the total population size. An individual E. coli bacterium, much like a population of E. coli, can evolve antibiotic resistance. A.True B.False - Answers True The _____ of box turtles in the United States includes all of the individual box turtles that could mate and reproduce within the 50 states. A.density B.growth rate C.population D.carrying capacity - Answers population A researcher hopes to estimate the size of an E. coli population in a liter of seawater. To do this, he can count the number of E. coli bacteria in a milliliter of seawater and multiply this number by 1000. A.True B.False - Answers True Which of the following results from a mark-recapture study done on mice would reflect a larger population size? A.When taking the second sample, 200 individuals are caught and 20 are marked from the first sample. B.When taking the second sample, 200 individuals are caught and 80 are marked from the first sample. C.Both of these scenarios would result in the same population estimate. - Answers When taking the second sample, 200 individuals are caught and 20 are marked from the first sample. Consider a population undergoing logistic growth. When (K - N)/K = 0, what does that imply about the birth rate (b) and death rate (d)? A.b d B.b d C.b = d D.It is not possible to make an inference about b and d from this information - Answers .b = d In general, a species' _____ niche will be smaller than its _____ niche due to interactions with other organisms in the community. A.realized; fundamental B.fundamental; realized C.ecological; multidimensional D.realized; multidimensional E.multidimensional; fundamental - Answers realized; fundamental You decide to plant a garden in your backyard. You dig up a strip of grass in a sunny spot. When you have finished digging up the grass, but you haven't planted anything, you have created a(an) _____ in the lawn. A.ecological disturbance B.new community C.ecological disturbance and a new community D.None of the answer options is correct. - Answers Ecological disturbance An ecological _____ is the set of all populations of all species found in a given place. A.ecosystem B.community C.population D.metapopulation E.interaction - Answers community In a pond, tadpoles eat algae and fish eat the tadpoles. Around the pond, grasshoppers eat