EXSC 224 Exam 1 Questions with 100%
Correct Answers | Latest Update
sensory input - ✔✔information gathered by sensory receptors about
internal and external changes
integration - ✔✔interpretation of sensory input
motor output - ✔✔activation of effector organs (i.e..muscles glands) and
produces a response
What are the 2 principal cell types in the nervous system? - ✔✔neuroglia,
neurons
neuroglia - ✔✔(glial cells)--supporting cells...there are 6 different kinds
neurons - ✔✔excitable cells that transmit information at synapses signals
astrocytes - ✔✔In the CNA; help determine capillary permeability; most
abundant, versatile, and highly branched glial cells
microglia - ✔✔CNS glial cells--small, have thorny processes, migrate
toward injured neurons, they consume microorganisms and neuronal debris
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,ependymal cells - ✔✔CNS glial cells--line the cavities of brain and spinal
column, separate CNS interstitial fluid from CSF, produce CSF at choroid
plexuses
oligodendrocytes - ✔✔CNS glial cells--branched, processes wrap around
multiple axon in CNS to form myelin sheaths
What is the demyelination in the CNS? - ✔✔multiple sclerosis
satellite cells - ✔✔PNS glial cells- surround neuron cell bodies, form myelin
schwann cells - ✔✔(neurolemmocytes) surround peripheral nerve fibers,
form myelin sheaths
Which cell type is vital for the regeneration of damaged peripheral nerve
fibers? - ✔✔schwann cells
neurons - ✔✔primary cell in the nervous system
special characteristics of neurons - ✔✔long lived, amitotic, high metabolic
rate (fuel of oxygen and glucose), plasma membrane has several functions
neuron plasma membrane functions - ✔✔electrical signaling, cell-to-cell
interactions during development
What are the three things that the nervous system does? - ✔✔sensory
input, integration, motor output
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, neuron cell body - ✔✔biosynthetic center and receptive region
nissl bodies - ✔✔rough ER
axon hillock - ✔✔cone-shaped area from which axon arises
tracts - ✔✔dendrites and axons in the CNS
nerves - ✔✔dendrites and axons in the PNS
dendrites - ✔✔receptive region, short, tapering, convey input toward the
cell body--graded potentials
axon - ✔✔one per cell, numerous terminal branches, generates and
transmits impulses (action potentials)
myelin sheath - ✔✔protein-lipoid sheath around axons--protect, insulates,
and speeds up nerve impulse transmission
True or false: all neurons are myelinated - ✔✔FALSE
myelin sheaths in the PNS are made up of what kind of cells? -
✔✔schwann cells
myelin sheaths in the CNS are formed by... - ✔✔processes of
oligodendrocytes, thinnest fibers are unmyelinated
white matter - ✔✔dense collections of myelinated fibers
gray matter - ✔✔mostly neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Correct Answers | Latest Update
sensory input - ✔✔information gathered by sensory receptors about
internal and external changes
integration - ✔✔interpretation of sensory input
motor output - ✔✔activation of effector organs (i.e..muscles glands) and
produces a response
What are the 2 principal cell types in the nervous system? - ✔✔neuroglia,
neurons
neuroglia - ✔✔(glial cells)--supporting cells...there are 6 different kinds
neurons - ✔✔excitable cells that transmit information at synapses signals
astrocytes - ✔✔In the CNA; help determine capillary permeability; most
abundant, versatile, and highly branched glial cells
microglia - ✔✔CNS glial cells--small, have thorny processes, migrate
toward injured neurons, they consume microorganisms and neuronal debris
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,ependymal cells - ✔✔CNS glial cells--line the cavities of brain and spinal
column, separate CNS interstitial fluid from CSF, produce CSF at choroid
plexuses
oligodendrocytes - ✔✔CNS glial cells--branched, processes wrap around
multiple axon in CNS to form myelin sheaths
What is the demyelination in the CNS? - ✔✔multiple sclerosis
satellite cells - ✔✔PNS glial cells- surround neuron cell bodies, form myelin
schwann cells - ✔✔(neurolemmocytes) surround peripheral nerve fibers,
form myelin sheaths
Which cell type is vital for the regeneration of damaged peripheral nerve
fibers? - ✔✔schwann cells
neurons - ✔✔primary cell in the nervous system
special characteristics of neurons - ✔✔long lived, amitotic, high metabolic
rate (fuel of oxygen and glucose), plasma membrane has several functions
neuron plasma membrane functions - ✔✔electrical signaling, cell-to-cell
interactions during development
What are the three things that the nervous system does? - ✔✔sensory
input, integration, motor output
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, neuron cell body - ✔✔biosynthetic center and receptive region
nissl bodies - ✔✔rough ER
axon hillock - ✔✔cone-shaped area from which axon arises
tracts - ✔✔dendrites and axons in the CNS
nerves - ✔✔dendrites and axons in the PNS
dendrites - ✔✔receptive region, short, tapering, convey input toward the
cell body--graded potentials
axon - ✔✔one per cell, numerous terminal branches, generates and
transmits impulses (action potentials)
myelin sheath - ✔✔protein-lipoid sheath around axons--protect, insulates,
and speeds up nerve impulse transmission
True or false: all neurons are myelinated - ✔✔FALSE
myelin sheaths in the PNS are made up of what kind of cells? -
✔✔schwann cells
myelin sheaths in the CNS are formed by... - ✔✔processes of
oligodendrocytes, thinnest fibers are unmyelinated
white matter - ✔✔dense collections of myelinated fibers
gray matter - ✔✔mostly neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
