Bio 233 lecture exam 1 respiratory system with
answers
1.primary function of respiratory system: o2 and co2 gas exchange | | | | | | | | | |
between blood and air | | |
2.5 secondary functions of respiratory system (rapss): 1) speech
| | | | | | | |
2) smell
3) pH balance by regulating co2
| | | |
4) respiratory pump |
5) angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) | | |
3.upper respiratory tract: consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis,
| | | | | | | | | |
larynx, and trachea | |
4.lower respiratory tract: larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, lungs
| | | | | | |
5.nasopharynx histology: Psuedostratified cilitated columnar epithelium w/ | | | | | | |
goblet cells |
6.oropharynx and laryngopharynx histology: stratified squamous epithelium | | | | | |
7.what is the larynx composed of and what is it's function: cartilaginous cham-
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ber 1.5 in long
| | | |
-primary function to keep food and drink out of the airway | | | | | | | | | |
8.what are the vocal cords attached to?: Thyroid cartilage anteriorly,
| | | | | | | | | |
arytenoid cartilage posteriorly | |
9.what splits the main bronchi into right and left: carina
| | | | | | | | |
10.how many lobes are in the right and left lung?: Right: 3
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Left: 2 |
11.what is the bronchial tree?: a branching system of air tubes in each lung
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
12.how many terminal broncioles arise from main bronchus: 65,000
| | | | | | | |
13.description of right main broncus compared to left: - 2-3 cm long | | | | | | | | | | |
- more vertical and wider than left | | | | |
14.description of left main broncus compared to right: -5 cm long | | | | | | | | | |
-more horizontal and narrower than right
| | | | |
15.lobar (secondary) bronchi and segmental (tertiary) are supported by.......: -
| | | | | | | | |
crescent shaped cartilage plates | | |
16.how many segmental bronchi are there on left and right?: 10 on right
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
8 on left
| |
17.what is a bronchopulmonary segment?: functionally independent unit of
| | | | | | | | |
the lung tissue
| |
18.physical description of bronchioles: -no cartilage | | | | |
-< 1mm diameter
| |
-cilated cubiodal epithelium | |
- well developed smooth muscle layer
| | | |
19.How many terminal bronchioles are there?: 50-80 | | | | | |
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, Bio 233 lecture exam 1 respiratory system with
answers
20.what is the beginning of the respiratory division: respiratory bronchioles
| | | | | | | | |
2 |/ |23
, Bio 233 lecture exam 1 respiratory system with
answers
21.what is the end of the conducting division: terminal bronchioles
| | | | | | | | |
22.how many alveoli are in each lung: 150 million per lung
| | | | | | | | | |
23.amount of surface area for gas exchange in the lung: 70 square meters | | | | | | | | | | | |
24.what are the cell types of the alveolus: squamous type 1, great (type
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
2), alveolar macrophages (dust cells)
| | | |
25.squamous type 1 alveolar cells cover up what percent of the alveolar | | | | | | | | | | | |
surface: 95% |
26.what is the purpose of squamous (type 1) alveolar cells: thin broad cells
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
that allow for rapid gas diffusion
| | | | |
27.Great (type 2) alveolar cells cover what % of alveolar surface: 5% | | | | | | | | | | |
28.what is the function of great alveolar cells: -Repair alveolar epithelium
| | | | | | | | | | |
when squmamous cells are damaged | | | |
-secrete pulmonary surfactant | |
29. which cell type in the lungs secretes pulmonary surfactant? what is it | | | | | | | | | | | |
made of and what does it do?: -Great cells
| | | | | | | |
-mixture of phospholipids and proteins that coats alveoli preventing them
| | | | | | | | | |
from collapsing during exhalation
| | |
30.what do alveolar dust cells do?: phagocytize dust and pathogens in the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
lungs
31.what is the respiratory membrane? and what does it consist of?: -barrier
| | | | | | | | | | | |
between alveolar air and blood | | | |
- squamous alveolar cells, endothelial cells of blood capillary, and their | | | | | | | | |
shared basement membrane
| | |
32.what are the layers of the Pleurae?: -visceral pleura, parietal pleura, and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the pleural cavity in between
| | | |
33.describe and name the pleural layer that covers the lungs: visceral pleurae, | | | | | | | | | | |
serous membrane |
34.name the outer pleural layer and what it attaches to: parietal pleurae, ad-
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
heres to mediastinum, inner surface of rib cage and superior surface of
| | | | | | | | | | | |
diaphragm
35.what is the pleural cavity?: the potential space between the parietal
| | | | | | | | | | |
pleura and visceral pleura filled with pleural fluid
| | | | | | |
36.pulmonary ventilation: breathing, inspiration and expiration | | | | |
37.respiratory cycle: one complete inspiration and expiration | | | | | |
38.what is the prime mover of respiration: diaphragm | | | | | | |
39.How does the diaphragm control breathing?: - contraction flattens
| | | | | | | | |
diaphragm which enlarges thoracic cavity lowering pressure drawing air | | | | | | | | |
into lungs |
3 |/ |23
answers
1.primary function of respiratory system: o2 and co2 gas exchange | | | | | | | | | |
between blood and air | | |
2.5 secondary functions of respiratory system (rapss): 1) speech
| | | | | | | |
2) smell
3) pH balance by regulating co2
| | | |
4) respiratory pump |
5) angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) | | |
3.upper respiratory tract: consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis,
| | | | | | | | | |
larynx, and trachea | |
4.lower respiratory tract: larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, lungs
| | | | | | |
5.nasopharynx histology: Psuedostratified cilitated columnar epithelium w/ | | | | | | |
goblet cells |
6.oropharynx and laryngopharynx histology: stratified squamous epithelium | | | | | |
7.what is the larynx composed of and what is it's function: cartilaginous cham-
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ber 1.5 in long
| | | |
-primary function to keep food and drink out of the airway | | | | | | | | | |
8.what are the vocal cords attached to?: Thyroid cartilage anteriorly,
| | | | | | | | | |
arytenoid cartilage posteriorly | |
9.what splits the main bronchi into right and left: carina
| | | | | | | | |
10.how many lobes are in the right and left lung?: Right: 3
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Left: 2 |
11.what is the bronchial tree?: a branching system of air tubes in each lung
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
12.how many terminal broncioles arise from main bronchus: 65,000
| | | | | | | |
13.description of right main broncus compared to left: - 2-3 cm long | | | | | | | | | | |
- more vertical and wider than left | | | | |
14.description of left main broncus compared to right: -5 cm long | | | | | | | | | |
-more horizontal and narrower than right
| | | | |
15.lobar (secondary) bronchi and segmental (tertiary) are supported by.......: -
| | | | | | | | |
crescent shaped cartilage plates | | |
16.how many segmental bronchi are there on left and right?: 10 on right
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
8 on left
| |
17.what is a bronchopulmonary segment?: functionally independent unit of
| | | | | | | | |
the lung tissue
| |
18.physical description of bronchioles: -no cartilage | | | | |
-< 1mm diameter
| |
-cilated cubiodal epithelium | |
- well developed smooth muscle layer
| | | |
19.How many terminal bronchioles are there?: 50-80 | | | | | |
1 |/ |23
, Bio 233 lecture exam 1 respiratory system with
answers
20.what is the beginning of the respiratory division: respiratory bronchioles
| | | | | | | | |
2 |/ |23
, Bio 233 lecture exam 1 respiratory system with
answers
21.what is the end of the conducting division: terminal bronchioles
| | | | | | | | |
22.how many alveoli are in each lung: 150 million per lung
| | | | | | | | | |
23.amount of surface area for gas exchange in the lung: 70 square meters | | | | | | | | | | | |
24.what are the cell types of the alveolus: squamous type 1, great (type
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
2), alveolar macrophages (dust cells)
| | | |
25.squamous type 1 alveolar cells cover up what percent of the alveolar | | | | | | | | | | | |
surface: 95% |
26.what is the purpose of squamous (type 1) alveolar cells: thin broad cells
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
that allow for rapid gas diffusion
| | | | |
27.Great (type 2) alveolar cells cover what % of alveolar surface: 5% | | | | | | | | | | |
28.what is the function of great alveolar cells: -Repair alveolar epithelium
| | | | | | | | | | |
when squmamous cells are damaged | | | |
-secrete pulmonary surfactant | |
29. which cell type in the lungs secretes pulmonary surfactant? what is it | | | | | | | | | | | |
made of and what does it do?: -Great cells
| | | | | | | |
-mixture of phospholipids and proteins that coats alveoli preventing them
| | | | | | | | | |
from collapsing during exhalation
| | |
30.what do alveolar dust cells do?: phagocytize dust and pathogens in the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
lungs
31.what is the respiratory membrane? and what does it consist of?: -barrier
| | | | | | | | | | | |
between alveolar air and blood | | | |
- squamous alveolar cells, endothelial cells of blood capillary, and their | | | | | | | | |
shared basement membrane
| | |
32.what are the layers of the Pleurae?: -visceral pleura, parietal pleura, and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the pleural cavity in between
| | | |
33.describe and name the pleural layer that covers the lungs: visceral pleurae, | | | | | | | | | | |
serous membrane |
34.name the outer pleural layer and what it attaches to: parietal pleurae, ad-
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
heres to mediastinum, inner surface of rib cage and superior surface of
| | | | | | | | | | | |
diaphragm
35.what is the pleural cavity?: the potential space between the parietal
| | | | | | | | | | |
pleura and visceral pleura filled with pleural fluid
| | | | | | |
36.pulmonary ventilation: breathing, inspiration and expiration | | | | |
37.respiratory cycle: one complete inspiration and expiration | | | | | |
38.what is the prime mover of respiration: diaphragm | | | | | | |
39.How does the diaphragm control breathing?: - contraction flattens
| | | | | | | | |
diaphragm which enlarges thoracic cavity lowering pressure drawing air | | | | | | | | |
into lungs |
3 |/ |23
