C1 RADIOBIOLOGY
Study of effects of ionizing radiation in biologic tissue
HUMAN RADIATION RESPONSE
Increases with severity with increasing
radiation dose
DETERMINISTIC EFFECT
SEVERITY
NON- STOCHASTIC EFFECT
OCCURENCE:
DAYS POST EXPOSURE
Incidence of radiation response increases
with increasing radiation dose
PROBABILISTIC EFFECT INCIDENCE
STOCHASTIC EFFECT
OCCURENCE:
OBSERVES FOR MONTHS/ YEARS
Biologic Interaction
Atom/ atomic level determines the radiation interaction
85%
C1 RADIOBIOLOGY 1
, Hydrogen
Oxygen
Molecular/ tissue level determines the radiation response
Cellular Theory
ROBERT HOOK
1665
History/ People
CELL
- building block
SCHENEIDER & SCHWANN
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOOK
1838
1973
PLANTS AND ANIMAL
MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION OF CELL
CELL AS BASIC FUNCTIONAL UNITS
WATSONS & CRICK
1953
MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF DNA
GENOME MAPPING
MOLECULAR COMPOSITION
NUCLEIC ACID a type of macromolecule WATER
that contains DNA
- DELIVERS ENERGY
that is most critical and the most - ABUNDANT IN THE BODY
radiosensitive target molecules - CONTRIBUTES TO RADIATION EFFECTS
80%
C1 RADIOBIOLOGY 2
, H20
FREE STATE + BOUND STATE
FXN:
maintains body temperature
biochemical reactions
PROTEINS
15%
long chain of macromolecule
Chain: AMINO ACIDS
MACROMOLECULES connected by PEPTIDE BONE
1. PROTEINS NUMBER: 22
2. LIPIDS
3. NUCLEIC ACIDS FXN:
4. CARBOHYDRATES
- PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
- STRUCTURE AND SUPPORT (MUSCLES)
- ENZYMES HORMONES
- ANTIBODIES
Metabolism LIPIDS
1. Catabolism: breaking down of COMPOSED OF:
macromolecules into smaller units
1. HYDROGEN
2. Anabolism: production of 2. OXYGEN
macromolecules 3. CARBPN
(HOC)
2 TYPES
C1 RADIOBIOLOGY 3
, 1. GLYRCEROL (1 in each molecule)
2. FATTY ACID (3 in each molecule)
LIPIDS FUNCTION
- present in all tissues of the body
- under the skin: Thermal insulator
- fuel: stores energy
CARBOHYDRATES
COMPOSED OF:
1. HYDROGEN
2. OXYGEN
3. CARBON
(similar to lipids)
ALSO CALLED AS
SACCHARIDES
ENZYMES
- biochemical reaction
ALSO KNOWN AS SUGARS
2 TYPES:
1. MONOSACCHARIDES
2. DISSACHARIDES
CARBOHYDRATES FUNCTION
- provides fuel in the body
by: GLUCOSE
- provide shap and stability
HORMONES NUCLEIC ACIDS
- exercise regulatory control
2 PRINCIPAL COMPONENT
secretes by
ENDOCRINE GLANDS 1. RNA
- transfer RNA (tRNA)
- pituitary - messenger RNA (mRNA)
- adrenal -
- thyroid FUNCTION: PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
C1 RADIOBIOLOGY 4
Study of effects of ionizing radiation in biologic tissue
HUMAN RADIATION RESPONSE
Increases with severity with increasing
radiation dose
DETERMINISTIC EFFECT
SEVERITY
NON- STOCHASTIC EFFECT
OCCURENCE:
DAYS POST EXPOSURE
Incidence of radiation response increases
with increasing radiation dose
PROBABILISTIC EFFECT INCIDENCE
STOCHASTIC EFFECT
OCCURENCE:
OBSERVES FOR MONTHS/ YEARS
Biologic Interaction
Atom/ atomic level determines the radiation interaction
85%
C1 RADIOBIOLOGY 1
, Hydrogen
Oxygen
Molecular/ tissue level determines the radiation response
Cellular Theory
ROBERT HOOK
1665
History/ People
CELL
- building block
SCHENEIDER & SCHWANN
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOOK
1838
1973
PLANTS AND ANIMAL
MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION OF CELL
CELL AS BASIC FUNCTIONAL UNITS
WATSONS & CRICK
1953
MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF DNA
GENOME MAPPING
MOLECULAR COMPOSITION
NUCLEIC ACID a type of macromolecule WATER
that contains DNA
- DELIVERS ENERGY
that is most critical and the most - ABUNDANT IN THE BODY
radiosensitive target molecules - CONTRIBUTES TO RADIATION EFFECTS
80%
C1 RADIOBIOLOGY 2
, H20
FREE STATE + BOUND STATE
FXN:
maintains body temperature
biochemical reactions
PROTEINS
15%
long chain of macromolecule
Chain: AMINO ACIDS
MACROMOLECULES connected by PEPTIDE BONE
1. PROTEINS NUMBER: 22
2. LIPIDS
3. NUCLEIC ACIDS FXN:
4. CARBOHYDRATES
- PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
- STRUCTURE AND SUPPORT (MUSCLES)
- ENZYMES HORMONES
- ANTIBODIES
Metabolism LIPIDS
1. Catabolism: breaking down of COMPOSED OF:
macromolecules into smaller units
1. HYDROGEN
2. Anabolism: production of 2. OXYGEN
macromolecules 3. CARBPN
(HOC)
2 TYPES
C1 RADIOBIOLOGY 3
, 1. GLYRCEROL (1 in each molecule)
2. FATTY ACID (3 in each molecule)
LIPIDS FUNCTION
- present in all tissues of the body
- under the skin: Thermal insulator
- fuel: stores energy
CARBOHYDRATES
COMPOSED OF:
1. HYDROGEN
2. OXYGEN
3. CARBON
(similar to lipids)
ALSO CALLED AS
SACCHARIDES
ENZYMES
- biochemical reaction
ALSO KNOWN AS SUGARS
2 TYPES:
1. MONOSACCHARIDES
2. DISSACHARIDES
CARBOHYDRATES FUNCTION
- provides fuel in the body
by: GLUCOSE
- provide shap and stability
HORMONES NUCLEIC ACIDS
- exercise regulatory control
2 PRINCIPAL COMPONENT
secretes by
ENDOCRINE GLANDS 1. RNA
- transfer RNA (tRNA)
- pituitary - messenger RNA (mRNA)
- adrenal -
- thyroid FUNCTION: PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
C1 RADIOBIOLOGY 4
